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Tacitus · Historiae I

Histories 1.60

Vitellius appeases the army

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Hist. 1.60.1Igitur laudātā mīlitum alacritāte Vitellius ministeria prīncipātūs per lībertōs agī solita in equitēs Rōmānōs dispōnit, vacātiōnēs centuriōnibus ex fiscō numerat, saevitiam mīlitum plērōsque ad poenam exposcentium saepius adprobat, rārō simulātiōne vinculōrum frūstrātur.So, after praising the soldiers' eagerness, Vitellius assigns to Roman knights the offices of the principate usually performed by freedmen, pays the centurions their exemption fees from the imperial treasury, more often approves the savagery of the soldiers who demanded many men for punishment, and rarely cheats it by pretending to imprison them. Hist. 1.60.1Pompeius Propinquus prōcūrātor Belgicae statim interfectus;Pompeius Propinquus, procurator of Belgica, was killed at once; Hist. 1.60.1Iūlium Burdōnem Germānicae classis praefectum astū subtrāxit.Julius Burdo, prefect of the German fleet, he rescued by a ruse. Hist. 1.60.1Exarserat in eum īrācundia exercitūs tamquam crīmen ac mox īnsidiās Fontēiō Capitōnī strūxisset.The army's anger had blazed up against him on the ground that he had framed charges and then a plot against Fonteius Capito. Hist. 1.60.1Grāta erat memoria Capitōnis, et apud saevientīs occīdere palam, ignōscere nōn nisi fallendō licēbat: ita in custōdiā habitus et post victōriam dēmum, strātīs iam mīlitum odiīs, dīmissus est.The memory of Capito was dear, and among men in a fury it was possible to kill openly, but to pardon only by deceit: so he was held in custody and released only after the victory, when the soldiers' hatred had at last died down.

Hist. 1.60.1Interim ut piāculum obicitur centuriō Crispīnus.Meanwhile the centurion Crispinus is offered up as a scapegoat. Hist. 1.60.1Sanguine Capitōnis sē cruentāverat eōque et postulantibus manifestior et pūnientī vīlior fuit.He had stained himself with Capito's blood, and so was both more obviously guilty to those demanding him and of less account to the man punishing him.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×2, gerunds and gerundives ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (84 words)
igitur, conj.therefore
laudō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpraise
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
alacritās, -ātis f.eagerness, enthusiasm
ministerium, -ī n.service, office, duty
prīncipātus, -ūs m.leadership, first place
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
lībertus, -ī m.freedman (a former slave, in relation to his former master)
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
soleō, -ēre, solitus sumbe accustomed, usually do
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
eques, equitis m.horseman; (pl.) cavalry
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
dispōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumstation here and there, post
vacātiō, -ōnis f.freedom, exemption
centuriō, -ōnis m.centurion (officer commanding about 80 men)
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
fiscus, -ī m.money basket; the emperor's treasury, privy purse
numerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscount, number; reckon, count as
saevitia, -ae f.fierceness, cruelty
plērīque, plēraeque, plēraquemost, very many
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
poena, -ae, f.penalty, punishment
exposcō, -ere, -poposcīdemand earnestly, call for
saepe, adv.often, frequently
approbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusapprove, agree with
rārō (adv.)seldom, rarely
simulātiō, -ōnis f.pretence
vinculum, -ī, n.bond, chain
frūstror, -ārī, -ātus sumdeceive, disappoint; tē ipsum frūstrāberis: you will cheat yourself
prōcūrātor, -ōris m.manager, agent; regent
statim, adv.on the spot, forthwith, at once, immediately
interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusput out of the way, kill
Germānicus, -a, -umGerman, of the Germans
classis, -is f.fleet
praefectus, -ī m.commander, officer
astus, -ūs m.cunning, craft, trick; (abl.) astū: cleverly, by cunning
subtrahō, -ere, -trāxī, -tractumtake away, withdraw
exārdēscō, -ārdēscere, -ārsī, -ārsusblaze out, be inflamed, rage
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
īrācundia, -ae f.anger, hot temper
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
tamquam (adv., conj.)as, just as; as if
crīmen, -inis n.charge, accusation; crime
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
mox, adv.soon
īnsidiae, -ārum, f. plur.ambush; plot, stratagem
struō, -ere, strūxī, strūctusbuild, construct; arrange
grātus, -a, -umpleasing, grateful
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
memoria, -ae, f.memory
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
saeviō, -īre, -iī, -ītumrage
occīdō, -cīdere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut down, kill
palam (adv.)openly, publicly
ignōscō, -ere, ignōvī, ignōtum (+ dat.)pardon, forgive
nōn, adv.not
nisi, conj.if not, unless
fallō, fallere, fefellī, falsusdeceive
licet, -ēre, -uit or -itum est, impers.is lawful or permitted
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
custōdia, -ae f.guard, protection
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
victōria, -ae, f.victory
dēmum, adv.at last
sternō, -ere, strāvī, strātusspread out; furnish with couches (of a room)
iam, adv.now, already
odium, -ī, n.hatred
dīmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend different ways, send forth or away, despatch; let slip, lose
interim (adv.)meanwhile
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
piāculum, -ī n.an atoning sacrifice, expiation
obiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow in the way or to
sanguis, sanguinis, m.blood
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
cruentō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstain with blood
eō (adv.)to that place, thither; to that point (usque eō); (with comparatives) by so much, all the (more)
que, enclitic conj.and
postulō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusask, request, demand
manifestus, -a, -umplain, clear; caught in the act
pūniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītuspunish
vīlis, -echeap, worthless
Tacitus, Historiae I. Latin text: C. D. Fisher, Cornelii Taciti Historiarum Libri (Oxford, 1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.