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Pliny · Epistulae VIII

Pliny, Letter 8.2

A fair rebate on the vintage

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Ep. 8.2.1Aliī in praedia sua proficīscuntur ut locuplētiōrēs revertantur, ego ut pauperior.Others set out for their estates in order to come back richer; I, in order to come back poorer. Ep. 8.2.1Vēndideram vindēmiās certātim negōtiātōribus ementibus.I had sold my grape harvests to dealers who were competing to buy them. Ep. 8.2.1Invītābat pretium, et quod tunc et quod fore vidēbātur.The price was tempting, both the price at that moment and what it seemed likely to become. Ep. 8.2.2Spēs fefellit.Their hopes were disappointed. Ep. 8.2.2Erat expedītum omnibus remittere aequāliter, sed nōn satis aequum.It would have been simple to grant everyone the same rebate, but not quite fair. Ep. 8.2.2Mihi autem ēgregium in prīmīs vidētur ut forīs ita domī, ut in magnīs ita in parvīs, ut in aliēnīs ita in suīs agitāre iūstitiam.To me, however, it seems especially admirable to practise justice at home as abroad, in small matters as in great, in one's own affairs as in other people's. Ep. 8.2.2Nam sī paria peccāta, parēs etiam laudēs.For if faults are equal, the praise is equal too. Ep. 8.2.3Itaque omnibus quidem, nē quis "mihi nōn dōnātus abīret", partem octāvam pretiī quō quis ēmerat concessī;And so to everyone, so that no one 'should go away from me without a gift', I granted an eighth part of the price at which each had bought; Ep. 8.2.3deinde iīs, quī amplissimās summās ēmptiōnibus occupāverant, sēparātim cōnsuluī.then I made separate provision for those who had laid out the largest sums on their purchases.

Ep. 8.2.3Nam et mē magis iūverant, et maius ipsī fēcerant damnum.For they had both helped me more and suffered a greater loss themselves. Ep. 8.2.4Igitur iīs quī plūris quam decem mīlibus ēmerant, ad illam commūnem et quasi pūblicam octāvam addidī decimam eius summae, quā decem mīlia excesserant.So to those who had bought for more than ten thousand sesterces, on top of that common and, as it were, public eighth I added a tenth of the amount by which they had exceeded ten thousand. Ep. 8.2.5Vereor nē parum expresserim: apertius calculō ostendam.I am afraid I have not expressed this clearly enough: I shall show it more plainly with a calculation. Ep. 8.2.5Sī quī forte quīndecim mīlibus ēmerant, hī et quīndecim mīlium octāvam et quīnque mīlium decimam tulērunt.If any had bought, say, for fifteen thousand, they received both an eighth of fifteen thousand and a tenth of five thousand. Ep. 8.2.6Praetereā, cum reputārem quōsdam ex dēbitō aliquantum, quōsdam aliquid, quōsdam nihil reposuisse, nēquāquam vērum arbitrābar, quōs nōn aequāsset fidēs solūtiōnis, hōs benignitāte remissiōnis aequārī.Moreover, when I reflected that some had paid off a good part of what they owed, some a little, some nothing, I thought it by no means right that those whom honesty in payment had not made equal should be made equal by generosity in remission.

Ep. 8.2.7Rūrsus ergō iīs quī solverant eius quod solverant decimam remīsī.So once again I remitted to those who had paid a tenth of what they had paid. Ep. 8.2.7Per hoc enim aptissimē et in praeteritum singulīs prō cuiusque meritō grātia referrī, et in futūrum omnēs cum ad emendum tum etiam ad solvendum allicī vidēbantur.For in this way it seemed that, most fittingly, thanks were returned to each for the past according to his merit, and all were encouraged for the future not only to buy but also to pay. Ep. 8.2.8Magnō mihi seu ratiō haec seu facilitās stetit, sed fuit tantī.This method, or this indulgence, has cost me a great deal, but it was worth it. Ep. 8.2.8Nam regiōne tōtā et novitās remissiōnis et fōrma laudātur.For throughout the whole district both the novelty of the remission and its form are being praised. Ep. 8.2.8Ex ipsīs etiam quōs nōn ūnā, ut dīcitur, perticā sed distīnctē gradātimque trāctāvī, quantō quis melior et probior, tantō mihi obligātior abiit expertus nōn esse apud mē ἐν δὲ ἰῇ τιμῇ ἠμὲν κακὸς ἠδὲ καὶ ἐσθλός.Even among those very men whom I did not treat, as the saying goes, with one measuring-rod, but distinctly and by degrees, the better and more honest each man was, the more obliged to me he went away, having found that with me it is not the case that 'the bad man and the good are held in one honour'.

Ep. 8.2.8Valē.Farewell.

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Grammar in this passage: purpose clauses ×1, ablative absolute ×1, indirect statement ×3, gerunds and gerundives ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (152 words)
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
praedium, -ī n.estate, farm
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sumset out, depart, march
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
locuplēs, -ētisrich, wealthy
revertor, -vertī, -versus, perf. act. -vertīturn back, return
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
pauper, -erispoor; as a noun, a poor person
vēndō, -ere, vēndidī, vēnditumsell
vindēmia, -ae f.grape harvest, vintage; grapes
certātim (adv.)eagerly, vying with one another
negōtiātor, -ōris m.trader, merchant
emō, -ere, ēmī, ēmptumbuy
invītō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusinvite
pretium, -ī, n.price, charge
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
tunc (adv.)then, at that time
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
spēs, speī, f.hope
fallō, fallere, fefellī, falsusdeceive
expedītus, -a, -umunobstructed, easy; lightly equipped
omnis, -eall, every
remittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumsend back; give up, remit
aequāliter (adv.)evenly
sed, conj.but
nōn, adv.not
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
aequus, -a, -umlevel; equal; fair
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
ēgregius, -a, -umoutstanding, excellent
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
forīs, adv.out of doors, without
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
aliēnus, -a, -umbelonging to another, out of place
agitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdrive about; discuss, debate
iūstitia, -ae f.justice, fairness
nam, conj.for
sī, conj.if
pār, parisequal
peccātum, -ī n.fault, sin
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
laus, laudis f.praise, glory
itaque, adv.and so, accordingly, therefore
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
dōnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumgive; present (someone with something)
abeō, -īre, -iī, -itūrusgo away, depart
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
octāvus, -a, -umeighth
concēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgrant, yield
deinde, adv.then, next
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
amplus, -a, -umlarge, great; distinguished
summa, -ae f.total, sum; supreme command
ēmptiō, -ōnis f.purchase, buying; thing bought
occupō, -cupāre, -cupāvī, -cupātusseize; fill
sēparātim (adv.)separately
cōnsulō, -ere, -uī, -tusconsult
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
iuvō, -āre, iūvī, iūtumhelp
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
damnum, -ī, n.harm, injury
igitur, conj.therefore
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
decem, indecl. adj.ten
mīlle, indecl. adj.a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands;
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
commūnis, -ecommon, shared, public
quasi, conj.as if
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
addō, -ere, -didī, -ditusadd, put to
decimus, -a, -umtenth
excēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo out or forth, depart
vereor, -ērī, -itusfear
parum (comp. minus, superl. minimē)too little; minimē: least, not at all
exprimō, -primere, -pressī, -pressuspress out
apertē (adv.)openly, plainly
calculus, -ī m.pebble, stone; counter (for reckoning or voting); ad calculos vocare: reckon up exactly
ostendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out before, show, explain
forte, adv.by chance, accidentally
quīndecim (indecl.)fifteen
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
quīnquefive
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
praetereā, adv.besides this, besides, moreover
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
reputō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscount, reckon among; think over
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
dēbitum, -ī n.what is owed, a debt
aliquantum, -quantī, n.somewhat
aliquis, -quid, indef. pron.someone, any one, something, anything, some, any
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
repōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusput or set back; store up or away
nēquāquam (adv.)by no means, not at all
vērus, -a, -umtrue; rē vērā, in truth, in fact
arbitror, -ārī, -ātusconsider, think, judge
aequō, -āre, -āvī, -ātummake equal
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
solūtiō, -ōnis f.a loosening; payment (of a debt)
benignitās, -tātis, f.kindness
remissiō, -ōnis f.relaxing, easing; leniency
rūrsus, adv.again
ergō (adv.)therefore, then; quid ergō? what then?
solvō, solvere, solvī, solūtusloosen, unbind, release; pay; with or without nāvem, cast off, set sail, put to sea
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
enim, conj.for
aptē (adv.)fitly, suitably
praeteritus, -a, -umpast (praeterita: the past)
singulī, -ae, -aone at a time, single
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
quisque, quaeque, quidque, indef. pron.each
meritum, -ī n.service, desert
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
tum, adv.then, at that time
alliciō, -ere, -lexī, -lectusattract, entice, win over
sīve or seu, conj.or if; sīve ... sīve, whether ... or
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
facilitās, -ātis f.easiness of manner, good nature, approachability
stō, stāre, stetī, statusstand
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
regiō, -ōnis, f.direction; country, region
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
novitās, -tātis, f.newness, novelty
fōrma, -ae, f.form, appearance; beauty
laudō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumpraise
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
pertica, -ae f.pole, long staff; measuring rod; ūnā perticā: by the same standard
distīnctē (adv.)clearly, precisely
gradātim (adv.)step by step, by degrees
que, enclitic conj.and
trāctō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushandle, touch, feel
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
bonus, -a, -umgood
probus, -a, -umgood, honest, upright; (of a woman) respectable
obligātus, -a, -umbound, under obligation, indebted
experior, -īrī, expertus sumtry, test, experience
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
Pliny, Epistulae VIII. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Pliny's Letters, public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.