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Pliny · Epistulae V

Pliny, Letter 5.21

Mixed news and a young man's death

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Ep. 5.21.1Variē mē affēcērunt litterae tuae;Your letter affected me in different ways; Ep. 5.21.1nam partim laeta partim trīstia continēbant: laeta quod tē in urbe tenērī nūntiābant - "nōllem" inquis;for it contained partly happy news, partly sad: happy, in that it told me you were kept in the city — 'I wish I were not,' you say; Ep. 5.21.1sed ego volō -, praetereā quod recitātūrum statim ut vēnissem pollicēbantur;but I do wish it — and besides that it promised you would give a recitation as soon as I had arrived; Ep. 5.21.1agō grātiās quod exspector.I thank you for waiting for me. Ep. 5.21.2Trīste illud, quod Iūlius Valēns graviter iacet;The sad news is that Julius Valens is gravely ill; Ep. 5.21.2quamquam nē hoc quidem trīste, sī illīus ūtilitātibus aestimētur, cuius interest quam mātūrissimē inexplicābilī morbō līberārī.though not even this is sad, if it is judged by his own interests, for it is to his advantage to be freed as soon as possible from an incurable disease. Ep. 5.21.3Illud plānē nōn trīste sōlum vērum etiam lūctuōsum, quod Iūlius Avītus dēcessit dum ex quaestūrā redit, dēcessit in nāve, procul ā frātre amantissimō, procul ā mātre ā sorōribus - nihil ista ad mortuum pertinent, sed pertinuērunt cum morerētur, pertinent ad hōs quī supersunt -;What is clearly not only sad but grievous is that Julius Avitus has died while returning from his quaestorship, died on board ship, far from a most loving brother, far from his mother and his sisters — these things mean nothing to the dead, but they meant something while he was dying, and they mean something to those who survive —; Ep. 5.21.4iam quod in flōre prīmō tantae indolis iuvenis exstīnctus est summa cōnsecūtūrus, sī virtūtēs eius mātūruissent.and then that a young man of such great promise has been snuffed out in his first bloom, who would have reached the highest things, had his virtues come to maturity.

Ep. 5.21.5Quō ille studiōrum amōre flagrābat!How he burned with love of study! Ep. 5.21.5quantum lēgit, quantum etiam scrīpsit!how much he read, how much he even wrote! Ep. 5.21.5quae nunc omnia cum ipsō sine frūctū posteritātis abiērunt.all of which has now perished with him, without benefit to posterity. Ep. 5.21.6Sed quid ego indulgeō dolōrī?But why do I give way to grief? Ep. 5.21.6Cui sī frēnōs remittās, nūlla māteria nōn maxima est.If you slacken the reins on it, there is no matter that is not of the greatest weight. Ep. 5.21.6Fīnem epistulae faciam, ut facere possim etiam lacrimīs quās epistula expressit.I shall end my letter, so that I may also be able to end the tears which the letter has drawn from me. Ep. 5.21.6Valē.Farewell.

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Grammar in this passage: purpose clauses ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (115 words)
variē (adv.)in different ways, variously
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
afficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectumaffect, afflict
litterae, -ārum f. pl.letters (of the alphabet); a letter, dispatch
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
nam, conj.for
partim (adv.)partly (partim … partim: some … others)
laetus, -a, -umglad, joyful
trīstis, -esad, gloomy
contineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold together, keep within, shut up in; bound
quod, conj.that, in that, because
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
urbs, urbis, f.city
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
nūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreport, announce
nōlō, nōlle, nōluīnot wish, be unwilling
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
sed, conj.but
volō, velle, voluīwish
praetereā, adv.besides this, besides, moreover
recitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusread aloud
statim, adv.on the spot, forthwith, at once, immediately
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
polliceor, -licērī, -licituspromise
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
exspectō, -spectāre, -spectāvī, -spectātuslook out for, wait for, await, expect; wait
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
graviter, adv.severely, seriously
iaceō, -ēre, -uīlie, be prostrate
quamquam, conj.however much, although
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
sī, conj.if
ūtilitās, -ātis f.usefulness, advantage
aestimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumvalue, reckon
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
intersum, -esse, -fuī, -futūrusbe or lie between
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
mātūrē (adv.; superl. mātūrrimē)early, quickly
inexplicābilis, -eincurable; inextricable, inexplicable
morbus, -ī m.sickness, disease
līberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusset free, free, liberate, release
plānē (adv.)clearly, plainly
nōn, adv.not
sōlum (adv.); solum, -ī n.only (nōn sōlum … sed etiam: not only … but also); ground, soil
vērum (conj.)but, but in fact; nōn modo ... vērum etiam: not only ... but also
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
lūctuōsus, -a, -ummournful, causing grief
dēcēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo away, depart
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
quaestūra, -ae f.the quaestorship
redeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo back, return
nāvis, -is, f.ship
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
frāter, frātris, m.brother
amāns, -antisloving, fond, devoted (to: gen.)
māter, mātris, f.mother
soror, -ōris, f.sister
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
mortuus, -a, -umdead
pertineō, -ēre, -uīextend, reach; tend toward, concern
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
morior, morī, mortuusdie
supersum, -esse, -fuībe over or left, remain
iam, adv.now, already
flōs, flōris m.flower
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
indolēs, -is f.natural character, nature, spirit
iuvenis, -is, m.young man, youth
exstinguō, -ere, -stīnxī, -stīnctusput out, extinguish; destroy
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
cōnsequor, -sequī, -secūtusfollow up, follow; overtake
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
mātūrēscō, -ere, mātūruīripen
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
amor, -ōris, m.love
flagrō, -āre, -āvīblaze, burn; be inflamed (with: abl.)
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
legō, legere, lēgī, lēctuschoose, pick out; read
scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptuswrite
nunc, adv.now
omnis, -eall, every
cum, prep, with abl.with
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
sine, prep. with abl.without
frūctus, -ūs, m.enjoyment; fruit
posteritās, -ātis f.the future; later generations, posterity
abeō, -īre, -iī, -itūrusgo away, depart
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
indulgeō, -ēre, indulsī (+ dat.)be kind to, favour
dolor, -ōris, m.pain, grief; anger
frēnum, -ī n.bridle, rein
remittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumsend back; give up, remit
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
māteria, -ae f.timber, material
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
fīnis, -is, m.end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country
epistula, -ae f.letter
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
lacrima, -ae, f.tear
exprimō, -primere, -pressī, -pressuspress out
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
Pliny, Epistulae V. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Pliny's Letters, public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.