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Pliny · Epistulae V

Pliny, Letter 5.1

A legacy and a generous settlement

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Ep. 5.1.1Lēgātum mihi obvēnit modicum sed amplissimō grātius.A legacy has come to me, a modest one, but more welcome than a very large one. Ep. 5.1.1Cūr amplissimō grātius?Why more welcome than a very large one? Ep. 5.1.1Pompōnia Galla exhērēdātō fīliō Asudiō Curiānō hērēdem relīquerat mē, dederat cohērēdēs Sertōrium Sevērum praetōrium virum aliōsque splendidōs equitēs Rōmānōs.Pomponia Galla, having disinherited her son Asudius Curianus, had left me as her heir, and had given me as co-heirs Sertorius Severus, a man of praetorian rank, and other distinguished Roman knights. Ep. 5.1.2Cūriānus ōrābat, ut sibi dōnārem portiōnem meam sēque praeiūdiciō iuvārem;Curianus kept begging me to make him a gift of my share and to help him by setting a precedent; Ep. 5.1.2eandem tacitā conventiōne salvam mihi pollicēbātur.he promised me, by a silent agreement, that this same share would be kept safe for me. Ep. 5.1.3Respondēbam nōn convenīre mōribus meīs aliud palam aliud agere sēcrētō;I replied that it did not suit my character to do one thing in public and another in secret; Ep. 5.1.3praetereā nōn esse satis honestum dōnāre et locuplētī et orbō;besides, that it was not quite honourable to make a gift to a man who was both rich and childless; Ep. 5.1.3in summā nōn prōfutūrum eī sī dōnāssem, prōfutūrum sī cessissem, esse autem mē parātum cēdere sī inīquē exhērēdātum mihi liquēret.in short, that it would not help him if I gave it, but would help him if I withdrew, and that I was ready to withdraw if it were clear to me that he had been unjustly disinherited.

Ep. 5.1.4Ad hoc ille: "Rogō cognōscās."To this he said: 'I ask you to hear the case.' Ep. 5.1.4Cūnctātus paulum "Faciam" inquam;After hesitating a little, 'I will,' I said; Ep. 5.1.4"neque enim videō cūr ipse mē minōrem putem, quam tibi videor.'for I do not see why I should think myself any less than I seem to you. Ep. 5.1.4Sed iam nunc mementō nōn dēfutūram mihi cōnstantiam, sī ita fidēs dūxerit, secundum mātrem tuam prōnūntiandī."But remember even now that I shall not lack the firmness to give judgement in your mother's favour, if honesty leads me that way.' Ep. 5.1.5"Ut volēs" ait;'As you wish,' he said; Ep. 5.1.5"volēs enim quod aequissimum."'for you will wish what is fairest.' Ep. 5.1.5Adhibuī in cōnsilium duōs quōs tunc cīvitās nostra spectātissimōs habuit, Corellium et Frontīnum.I called in as advisers two men whom our state then held in the highest regard, Corellius and Frontinus. Ep. 5.1.6Hīs circumdatus in cubiculō meō sēdī.With these around me I sat in my bedroom. Ep. 5.1.6Dīxit Cūriānus quae prō sē putābat.Curianus said what he thought told in his favour. Ep. 5.1.6Respondī paucīs ego - neque enim aderat alius, quī dēfūnctae pudōrem tuērētur -, deinde sēcessī, et ex cōnsiliī sententiā "Vidētur" inquam, "Cūriāne, māter tua iūstās habuisse causās īrāscendī tibi."I replied in a few words myself — for there was no one else present to defend the good name of the dead woman — then I withdrew, and on the advice of my council said, 'Curianus, it seems that your mother had just reasons for being angry with you.' Ep. 5.1.6Post hoc ille cum cēterīs subscrīpsit centumvirāle iūdicium, nōn subscrīpsit mēcum.After this he brought a suit before the centumviral court against the others, but not against me.

Ep. 5.1.7Appetēbat iūdiciī diēs;The day of the trial was drawing near; Ep. 5.1.7cohērēdēs meī compōnere et trānsigere cupiēbant nōn diffīdentiā causae, sed metū temporum.my co-heirs wanted to come to terms and settle, not from distrust in their case, but from fear of the times. Ep. 5.1.7Verēbantur quod vidēbant multīs accidisse, nē ex centumvirālī iūdiciō capitis reī exīrent.They were afraid of what they saw had happened to many, that they might leave a centumviral suit as defendants on a capital charge. Ep. 5.1.8Et erant quīdam in illīs, quibus obicī et Gratillae amīcitia et Rusticī posset.And there were some among them who could have had their friendship with Gratilla and with Rusticus thrown in their faces. Ep. 5.1.9Rogant mē ut cum Curiānō loquar.They ask me to talk to Curianus. Ep. 5.1.9Convēnimus in aedem Concordiae.We met in the temple of Concord. Ep. 5.1.9Ibi ego "Sī māter" inquam "tē ex parte quartā scrīpsisset hērēdem, num querī possēs?There I said, 'If your mother had made you heir to a quarter, could you complain? Ep. 5.1.9Quid sī hērēdem quidem īnstituisset ex asse, sed lēgātīs ita exhausisset ut nōn amplius apud tē quam quarta remanēret?What if she had indeed appointed you heir to the whole, but had so drained it with legacies that no more than a quarter remained with you?

Ep. 5.1.9Igitur sufficere tibi dēbet, sī exhērēdātus ā mātre quartam partem ab hērēdibus eius accipiās, quam tamen ego augēbō.So it ought to be enough for you if, disinherited by your mother, you receive a quarter share from her heirs, which I shall nevertheless increase. Ep. 5.1.10Scīs tē nōn subscrīpsisse mēcum, et iam biennium trānsīsse omniaque mē ūsū cēpisse.You know that you did not bring a suit against me, and that two years have now passed and I have acquired everything by possession. Ep. 5.1.10Sed ut tē cohērēdēs meī tractābiliōrem experiantur, utque tibi nihil abstulerit reverentia meī, offerō prō meā parte tantundem."But so that my co-heirs may find you more tractable, and so that your respect for me may have cost you nothing, I offer the same amount for my share.' Ep. 5.1.10Tulī frūctum nōn cōnscientiae modo vērum etiam fāmae.I reaped the reward not only of a good conscience but also of good repute. Ep. 5.1.11Ille ergō Cūriānus lēgātum mihi relīquit et factum meum, nisi forte blandior mihi antīquum, notābilī honōre signāvit.So it is this Curianus who has left me a legacy, and has marked my action — unless perhaps I flatter myself — as one in the old style with a striking honour.

Ep. 5.1.12Haec tibi scrīpsī, quia dē omnibus quae mē vel dēlectant vel angunt, nōn aliter tēcum quam mēcum loquī soleō;I have written this to you because about everything that either delights or distresses me I am accustomed to speak with you no differently than with myself; Ep. 5.1.12deinde quod dūrum exīstimābam, tē amantissimum meī fraudāre voluptāte quam ipse capiēbam.and secondly because I thought it hard to cheat you, who love me so dearly, of the pleasure I was feeling myself. Ep. 5.1.13Neque enim sum tam sapiēns ut nihil meā intersit, an iīs quae honestē fēcisse mē crēdō, testificātiō quaedam et quasi praemium accēdat.For I am not so wise as not to care whether some testimony, and as it were some reward, attaches to what I believe I have done honourably. Ep. 5.1.13Valē.Farewell.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1, indirect statement ×8, gerunds and gerundives ×2, purpose clauses ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (219 words)
lēgātum, -ī n.legacy, bequest
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
obveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventum (+ dat.)fall to, be assigned to
modicus, -a, -ummoderate, small; modicum: a little
sed, conj.but
amplus, -a, -umlarge, great; distinguished
grātus, -a, -umpleasing, grateful
cūr, adv.why
exhērēdō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdisinherit
fīlius, -ī, m.son
hērēs (haerēs), -ēdis m.heir
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
cohērēs, -ēdis m./f.co-heir, joint heir
praetōrius, -a, -umof the commander (praetōria cohors: bodyguard)
vir, virī, m.man
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
que, enclitic conj.and
splendidus, -a, -umbright, magnificent
eques, equitis m.horseman; (pl.) cavalry
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
Cūriānus, -a, -umof Curio, Curio's (of the men who had served under C. Scribonius Curio in Africa)
ōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusspeak; beg, pray
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
dōnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumgive; present (someone with something)
portiō, -ōnis f.share, portion; pro portione: in proportion
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
praeiūdicium, -ī n.a prior judgement, a precedent; an example that decides what follows
iuvō, -āre, iūvī, iūtumhelp
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
tacitus, -a, -umsilent
conventiō, -ōnis f.agreement, compact; assembly
salvus, -a, -umsafe, unharmed
polliceor, -licērī, -licituspromise
respondeō, -spondēre, -spondī, -spōnsusreply, answer
nōn, adv.not
conveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome together, assemble
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
palam (adv.)openly, publicly
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
sēcrētō (adv.)privately, in secret
praetereā, adv.besides this, besides, moreover
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
honestus, -a, -umrespected, honourable
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
locuplēs, -ētisrich, wealthy
orbus, -a, -umbereaved, orphaned, childless
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
summa, -ae f.total, sum; supreme command
prōsum, prōdesse, prōfuībe of advantage, profit, avail, assist
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
sī, conj.if
cēdō, -ere, cessī, cessumgo, withdraw, give way
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
parātus, -a, -umprepared, equipped, ready
inīquē (adv.)unfairly, unjustly; wickedly
liqueō, -ēre, licuībe clear; parum liquet, it is not clear
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
rogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusask
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
cūnctor, -ārī, -ātus sumdelay, hesitate
paulum, adv.a little, somewhat
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
enim, conj.for
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
iam, adv.now, already
nunc, adv.now
meminī, meminisseremember
dēsum, deesse, dēfuībe lacking, fail
cōnstantia, -ae f.steadiness, firmness
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
secundum (prep. + acc.)after, besides; along
māter, mātris, f.mother
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
prōnūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusproclaim, announce
volō, velle, voluīwish
āiō (defective)say, affirm; ut aiunt: as they say
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
aequus, -a, -umlevel; equal; fair
adhibeō, -hibēre, -hibuī, -hibitushold to, employ, show
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
tunc (adv.)then, at that time
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
noster, -tra, -trumour
spectātus, -a, -umtested, proved; admirable, distinguished
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
circumdō, -dare, -dedī, -datusput around, surround
cubiculum, -ī, n.bedroom
sedeō, sedēre, sēdī, sessussit
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
dēfungor, -fungī, -fūnctus sumfinish, be done with; dēfūnctus: dead
pudor, -ōris m.shame, sense of honour
tueor, -ērī, tuitus sumwatch over, protect, defend
deinde, adv.then, next
sēcēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo apart, withdraw
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
sententia, -ae, f.opinion; purpose
iūstus, -a, -umjust
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
īrāscor, īrāscī, īrātusbe angry
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
cum, prep, with abl.with
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
subscrībō, -ere, -scrīpsī, -scrīptuswrite underneath, add in writing; record, register; sign
centumvirālis, -eof the centumviral court (dealing with inheritance cases)
iūdicium, -ī n.trial, court; judgment
appetō, -petere, -petīvī, -petītusdraw near
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
compōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput together; mend, set in order
trānsigō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctuscarry through, finish, settle
cupiō, -ere, -īvī, -ītusdesire, long for, wish
diffīdentia, -ae f.distrust, lack of confidence, mistrust
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
vereor, -ērī, -itusfear
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
accidō, -cidere, -cidīfall to or upon; befall, happen
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
caput, capitis, n.head
reus, -ī m.defendant, the accused
exeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo out
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
obiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow in the way or to
amīcitia, -ae f.friendship, alliance
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
loquor, loquī, locūtusspeak
aedēs, -is f.temple (sg.); house (pl.)
concordia, -ae f.agreement, harmony
ibi, adv.in that place, there
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
quartus, -a, -umfourth
scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptuswrite
num, adv., introducing a question to which a negative answer is expecteduntranslatable
queror, -ī, questus sumcomplain
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
īnstituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtusdecide upon, determine
as, assis m.an as, a copper coin of small value; ūnīus assis aestimāre: to value at a penny
exhaurio, -haurīre, -hausī, -haustusdrink up or off, drain
amplius (adv.)more, further
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
remaneō, -ēre, -mānsīstay behind, remain
igitur, conj.therefore
sufficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectusbe enough, hold out; supply
dēbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusowe; with infin., ought
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
augeō, -ēre, auxī, auctumincrease, enlarge
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
biennium, -ī n.period of two years
trānseō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo across or over, cross
omnis, -eall, every
ūsus, -ūs, m.use; experience
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
tractābilis, -emanageable; that can be handled
experior, -īrī, expertus sumtry, test, experience
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
auferō, auferre, abstulī, ablātusbear away, carry off
reverentia, -ae f.respect, modesty, shyness
offerō, offerre, obtulī, oblātusbear to, proffer, offer
tantundem (adv.)just so much, just as far
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
frūctus, -ūs, m.enjoyment; fruit
cōnscientia, -ae f.awareness; consciousness of guilt, guilty conscience
modo, adv.only
vērum (conj.)but, but in fact; nōn modo ... vērum etiam: not only ... but also
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
ergō (adv.)therefore, then; quid ergō? what then?
factum, -ī n.deed, act
nisi, conj.if not, unless
forte, adv.by chance, accidentally
blandior, -īrī, -ītus sumflatter, coax, fawn on; be pleasing, allure
antīquus, -a, -umancient
notābilis, -enoteworthy, remarkable
honor, -ōris, m.honor
signō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmark, seal; certify
quia (conj.)because
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
velor; vel … vel: either … or
dēlectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusplease, delight; passive: enjoy, take pleasure in
angō, -ere, ānxīchoke; (pass.) be vexed, be distressed
aliter, adv.in another way, otherwise, differently
soleō, -ēre, solitus sumbe accustomed, usually do
quod, conj.that, in that, because
dūrus, -a, -umhard; harsh; difficult
exīstimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconsider, believe, think
amāns, -antisloving, fond, devoted (to: gen.)
fraudō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscheat, defraud, rob (someone of something, + abl.)
voluptās, -tātis, f.pleasure
tam, adv.so
sapiēns, -entiswise; as noun, a wise man, a philosopher
intersum, -esse, -fuī, -futūrusbe or lie between
an, conj.or (in questions)
honestē, adv.honorably, decently
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
testificātiō, -ōnis f.giving or taking of evidence; testimony
quasi, conj.as if
praemium, -ī, n.reward
accēdō, -ere, accessī, accessumcome near, approach; be added
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
Pliny, Epistulae V. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Pliny's Letters, public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.