Lectitō › Phaedrus › Fables, Book 1
Phaedrus 1.3
The jackdaw and the peacocks
Phaedrus, Fabulae I. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.
Tap any word for its meaning and grammar, save words to review, and track your reading.
Read in LectitōPhaedr. 1.3.1Nē glōriārī libeat aliēnīs bonīs
suōque potius habitū vītam dēgere,
Aesopus nōbīs hoc exemplum prōdidit.
So that no one may care to boast of what belongs to another, but rather live his life in his own dress, Aesop has handed down to us this example.
Note. Here the moral comes first (a promythium). Nē … libeat: purpose, 'so that one may not like to'. aliēnīs bonīs: 'in what belongs to others'. suō habitū: 'in his own dress'.
Phaedr. 1.3.4Tumēns inānī grāculus superbiā,
5pennās pāvōnī quae dēciderant sustulit
sēque exōrnāvit.
A jackdaw, swollen with empty pride, picked up the feathers that had fallen from a peacock and decked himself out.
Note. Tumēns … superbiā: 'swelling with empty pride'. pāvōnī: dative of disadvantage, 'from the peacock'. quae dēciderant: 'which had fallen'.
Phaedr. 1.3.6Deinde contemnēns suōs
sē inmiscuit pāvōnum fōrmōsō gregī.
Then, despising his own kind, he mixed with a handsome flock of peacocks.
Note. suōs: 'his own (kind)', the other jackdaws. sē inmiscuit + dative: 'mixed himself with'.
Phaedr. 1.3.8Illī inpudentī pennās ēripiunt avī
fugantque rōstrīs.
They tear the feathers off the shameless bird and drive him away with their beaks.
Note. inpudentī … avī: dative of disadvantage, 'they tear the feathers from the shameless bird'. rōstrīs: 'with their beaks'.
Phaedr. 1.3.9Male mulcātus grāculus
10redīre maerēns coepit ad proprium genus;
Badly mauled, the jackdaw began sadly to go back to his own kind;
Note. Male mulcātus: 'badly beaten up'. redīre … coepit: 'began to go back'. maerēns: 'sorrowfully'.
Phaedr. 1.3.11Ā quō repulsus trīstem sustinuit notam.
but driven off by them he suffered a bitter disgrace.
Note. Ā quō: 'by which (kind)', i.e. by the other jackdaws. tristem notam: 'a bitter mark of disgrace'.
Phaedr. 1.3.12Tum quīdam ex illīs, quōs prius dēspexerat:
contentus nostrīs sī fuissēs sēdibus
et quod nātūra dederat voluissēs patī,
15nec illam expertus essēs contumēliam
nec hanc repulsam tua sentīret calamitās.
Then one of those he had once looked down on said: 'If you had been content with our home and had been willing to accept what nature had given you, you would not have suffered that insult, nor would your misfortune feel this rejection.'
Note. A mixed conditional: sī fuissēs … voluissēs (past) with nec … expertus essēs … nec sentīret (present). quod nātūra dederat: 'what nature had given you'.
Vocabulary
| nē, adv. | not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest |
| glōrior, -ārī, -ātus sum | boast |
| libet, -ēre, libuit (impers.) | it pleases; mihi libet: I like, I want |
| aliēnus, -a, -um | belonging to another, out of place |
| bonum, -ī n. | a good thing, advantage; (pl.) goods |
| suus, -a, -um | his, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| potius (adv.) | rather |
| habitus, -ūs m. | condition, state; bearing, character |
| vīta, -ae, f. | life |
| dēgō, -ere, dēgī | spend (time), live |
| nōs | plur. of ego |
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| exemplum, -ī n. | example, precedent |
| prōdō, -ere, -didī, -ditum | hand down; betray |
| tumeō, -ēre | swell, be swollen |
| inānis, -e | empty |
| grāculus, -ī m. | jackdaw |
| superbia, -ae f. | pride, arrogance |
| penna, -ae f. | feather; (pl.) wings |
| pāvō, -ōnis m. | peacock |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| dēcidō, -cidere, -cidī | fall down |
| tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātus | lift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| exōrnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | equip, furnish; adorn |
| deinde, adv. | then, next |
| contemnō, -ere, -tempsī, -temptus | despise, scorn, think little of |
| immisceō, -ēre, -miscuī, -mixtus | mix in; (reflexive) vanish into, mingle with |
| fōrmōsus, -a, -um | beautiful |
| grex, gregis m. | flock, herd; band, gang |
| ille, illa, illud, dem. pron. | that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc |
| impudēns, -entis | shameless |
| ēripiō, -ripere, -ripuī, -reptus | snatch out or away, rescue |
| avis, -is, f. | bird |
| fugō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | put to flight, rout |
| rōstrum, -ī, n. | beak |
| male, adv. | badly, ill |
| mulcō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | beat, maul, handle roughly |
| redeō, -īre, -iī, -itus | go back, return |
| maereō, -ēre | grieve, be sad |
| coepī, coepisse, coeptus (used in tenses of completed action) | have begun, began |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| proprius, -a, -um | one's own, private; characteristic (of) |
| genus, generis, n. | kind, nature |
| ā, ab (prep. + abl.) | away from, from; by (ā only before consonants) |
| repellō, repellere, reppulī, repulsus | drive back or away, repulse, repel |
| trīstis, -e | sad, gloomy |
| sustineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentus | hold or bear up, sustain, withstand |
| nota, -ae f. | mark, sign; brand, stigma |
| tum, adv. | then, at that time |
| quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron. | a certain, certain |
| ex, ē (prep. + abl.) | out of, from; of (ē only before consonants) |
| prius, adv. | before, first |
| dēspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectum | look down on, despise |
| contentus, -a, -um | content, satisfied (+ abl.) |
| noster, -tra, -trum | our |
| sī, conj. | if |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| sēdēs, -is, f. | seat, abode |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| nātūra, -ae, f. | nature, character |
| dō, dare, dedī, datus | give |
| volō, velle, voluī | wish |
| patior, patī, passus, bear | suffer, allow |
| neque or nec, conj. | and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not |
| experior, -īrī, expertus sum | try, test, experience |
| contumēlia, -ae f. | insult, outrage |
| repulsa, -ae f. | defeat in an election, rejection |
| tuus, -a, -um | thy, thine, your |
| sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsus | perceive, feel |
| calamitās, -tātis, f. | misfortune, calamity, disaster |