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Lectitō › Ovid › Metamorphoses, Book 9 › Metamorphoses 9.666–763

Ovid · Metamorphoses IX

Metamorphoses 9.666–763

Iphis, a girl raised as a boy

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Met. 9.666Fāma novī centum Crētaeās forsitan urbēs
implēsset mōnstrī, sī nōn mīrācula nūper
Īphide mūtātā Crētē propiōra tulisset.
The report of the new marvel would perhaps have filled the hundred cities of Crete, if Crete had not lately brought forth wonders nearer home in the change of Iphis.
Met. 9.669Proxima Cnōsiacō nam quondam Phaestia regnō
670prōgenuit tellūs ignōtum nōmine Ligdum,
ingenuā dē plēbe virum.
For once, next to the kingdom of Cnossos, the land of Phaestus produced a man named Ligdus, of no fame, of freeborn common stock.
Met. 9.671Nec cēnsus in illō
nōbilitāte suā maior, sed vīta fidēsque
inculpāta fuit.
Nor was his wealth greater than his rank, but his life and honour were blameless.
Met. 9.673Gravidae quī coniugis aurēs
vōcibus hīs monuit, cum iam prope partus adesset:
675"Quae voveam, duo sunt;
He warned his pregnant wife's ears with these words, when the birth was now near: 'There are two things I pray for;
Met. 9.675minimō ut relevēre dolōre,
utque marem pariās;
that you be delivered with the least pain, and that you bear a male;
Met. 9.676onerōsior altera sors est,
et vīrēs fortūna negat.
the other lot is more burdensome, and fortune denies us the means.

Met. 9.677Quod abōminor, ergō
ēdita forte tuō fuerit sī fēmina partū,
(invītus mandō: pietās, ignōsce!) necētur."
So — and I abhor it — if by chance a female should be born from your labour, (unwillingly I order it: forgive me, piety!) let her be put to death.'
Met. 9.680Dīxerat, et lacrimīs vultūs lāvēre profūsīs,
tam quī mandābat, quam cui mandāta dabantur.
He had spoken, and tears poured down and bathed the faces both of him who gave the order and of her to whom the orders were given.
Met. 9.682Sed tamen ūsque suum vānīs Telethūsa marītum
sollicitat precibus, nē spem sibi pōnat in artō.
But still Telethusa keeps pressing her husband with vain prayers not to confine his hope in so narrow a strait.
Met. 9.684Certa sua est Ligdō sententia.Ligdus' mind is fixed. Met. 9.684Iamque ferendō
685vix erat illa gravem mātūrō pondere ventrem,
cum mediō noctis spatiō sub imāgine somnī
Īnachis ante torum, pompā comitāta sacrōrum,
aut stetit aut vīsa est.
And now she could scarcely carry her belly heavy with its ripe burden, when in the middle of the night, in the form of a dream, the daughter of Inachus, accompanied by a procession of her rites, stood before her bed, or seemed to.

Met. 9.688Īnerant lūnāria frontī
cornua cum spīcīs nitidō flāventibus aurō
690et rēgāle decus.
On her brow were the moon-shaped horns with ears of corn golden with gleaming gold, and royal splendour.
Met. 9.690Cum quā lātrātor Anūbis
sānctaque Būbastis variusque colōribus Āpis,
quīque premit vōcem digitōque silentia suādet,
sīstraque erant numquamque satis quaesītus Osīris
plēnaque somniferīs serpēns peregrīna venēnīs.
With her were barking Anubis, holy Bubastis, Apis dappled in colours, and he who suppresses his voice and urges silence with his finger; and there were sistrums, and Osiris never sought enough, and the foreign serpent full of sleep-bringing poisons.
Met. 9.695Tum velut excussam somnō et manifesta videntem
sīc adfāta dea est: "Pars ō Telethūsa meārum,
pōne gravēs cūrās mandātaque falle marītī.
Then, as if she were shaken out of sleep and seeing clearly, the goddess addressed her thus: 'O Telethusa, one of my own, put aside your heavy cares and evade your husband's orders.
Met. 9.698Nec dubitā, cum tē partū Lūcīna levārit,
tollere quidquid erit.
And do not hesitate, when Lucina has delivered you, to raise whatever it is.
Met. 9.699Dea sum auxiliāris opemque
700exōrāta ferō, nec tē coluisse querēris
ingrātum nūmen."
I am a goddess who helps, and when entreated I bring aid, nor will you complain that you have worshipped an ungrateful divinity.'
Met. 9.701Monuit thalamōque recessit.She gave her warning and left the bedroom.

Met. 9.702Laeta torō surgit pūrāsque ad sīdera supplex
Cressa manūs tollēns, rata sint sua vīsa, precātur.
Joyful, the Cretan woman rises from her bed and, a suppliant, raising pure hands to the stars, prays that her vision may come true.
Met. 9.704Ut dolor incrēvit, sēque ipsum pondus in aurās
705expulit et nāta est ignārō fēmina patre,
iussit alī māter puerum mentīta: fidemque
rēs habuit, neque erat fictī nisi cōnscia nūtrīx.
When the pains grew, and the burden itself pushed out into the air, and a female was born without the father's knowledge, the mother ordered it raised, pretending it was a boy: and the matter was believed, nor was anyone aware of the pretence but the nurse.
Met. 9.708Vōta pater solvit nōmenque inpōnit avītum:
Īphis avus fuerat.
The father paid his vows and gives it the grandfather's name: the grandfather had been Iphis.
Met. 9.709Gavīsa est nōmine māter,
710quod commūne foret nec quemquam falleret illō.
The mother rejoiced in the name, because it was common to both sexes and would deceive no one by it.
Met. 9.711Inde incepta piā mendācia fraude latēbant:
cultus erat puerī, faciēs, quam sīve puellae,
sīve darēs puerō, fuerat fōrmōsus uterque.
From then the lie, begun with dutiful deceit, lay hidden: the clothes were a boy's, the face such that, whether you gave it to a girl or a boy, either would have been beautiful.

Met. 9.714Tertius intereā decimō successerat annus,
715cum pater, Iphi, tibi flāvam dēspondet Ianthēn,
inter Phaestiadas quae laudātissima fōrmae
dōte fuit virgō, Dictaeō nāta Telestē.
Meanwhile a third year had followed the tenth, when your father, Iphis, betroths to you golden-haired Ianthe, the maiden most praised among the women of Phaestus for the dowry of her beauty, daughter of Dictaean Telestes.
Met. 9.718Pār aetās, pār fōrma fuit, prīmāsque magistrīs
accēpēre artēs, elementa aetātis, ab īsdem.
Equal was their age, equal their beauty, and they had received their first lessons, the rudiments of their age, from the same teachers.
Met. 9.720Hinc amor ambārum tetigit rude pectus et aequum
vulnus utrīque dedit.
From this, love touched the untried hearts of both and gave an equal wound to each.
Met. 9.721Sed erat fīdūcia dispār:
coniugium pāctaeque exspectat tempora taedae
quamque virum putat esse, virum fore crēdit Ianthē;
But their confidence was unequal: Ianthe awaits the marriage and the time of the agreed wedding torch, and believes that the one she thinks a man will be a man;
Met. 9.724Īphis amat, quā posse fruī dēspērat, et auget
725hoc ipsum flammās, ārdetque in virgine virgō;
Iphis loves one she despairs of being able to enjoy, and this very thing increases her flames, and a maiden burns for a maiden;
Met. 9.726vixque tenēns lacrimās "Quis mē manet exitus" inquit,
"cognita quam nūllī, quam prōdigiōsa novaeque
cūra tenet Veneris?
and barely holding back her tears, she said, 'What end awaits me, held by a love known to no one, a monstrous love, a passion of a new kind?

Met. 9.728Sī dī mihi parcere vellent,
730nātūrāle malum saltem et dē mōre dedissent.
If the gods had wished to spare me, they would at least have given me a natural ill, one according to custom.
Met. 9.731Nec vaccam vaccae, nec equās amor ūrit equārum:
ūrit ovēs ariēs, sequitur sua fēmina cervum.
Love of a cow does not burn a cow, nor love of mares mares: the ram burns for ewes, his own female follows the stag.
Met. 9.733Sīc et avēs coeunt, interque animālia cūncta
fēmina fēmineō conrepta cupīdine nūlla est.
So too birds mate, and among all animals no female is seized by desire for a female.
Met. 9.735Vellem nūlla forem!I wish I were not one! Met. 9.735Nē nōn tamen omnia Crētē
mōnstra ferat, taurum dīlēxit fīlia Sōlis,
fēmina nempe marem: meus est furiōsior illō,
sī vērum profitēmur, amor!
Yet, so that Crete might bear every monster, the daughter of the Sun loved a bull — a female, at least, loving a male: my love is madder than that, if I confess the truth!
Met. 9.738Tamen illa secūta est
spem Veneris, tamen illa dolīs et imāgine vaccae
740passa bovem est, et erat, quī dēciperētur adulter!
Yet she pursued the hope of love, yet she, by tricks and the image of a cow, submitted to the bull, and there was a lover there to be deceived!

Met. 9.741Hūc licet ē tōtō sollertia cōnfluat orbe,
ipse licet revolet cērātīs Daedalus alīs,
quid faciet?
Though all the ingenuity of the whole world should flow together here, though Daedalus himself should fly back on waxen wings, what will he do?
Met. 9.743Num mē puerum dē virgine doctīs
artibus efficiet?
Will he with his learned arts make me a boy from a girl?
Met. 9.744num tē mūtābit, Ianthē?will he change you, Ianthe? Met. 9.745Quīn animum firmās, tēque ipsa reconligis, Iphi,
cōnsiliīque inopēs et stultōs excutis ignēs?
Why do you not steady your mind, and collect yourself, Iphis, and shake off these foolish fires that lack all sense?
Met. 9.747Quid sīs nāta, vidē, nisi tē quoque dēcipis ipsa,
et pete quod fās est, et amā quod fēmina dēbēs!
See what you were born, unless you deceive yourself too, and seek what is right, and love as a woman should!
Met. 9.749Spēs est, quae capiat, spēs est, quae pāscit amōrem:
750hanc tibi rēs adimit.
It is hope that captures, hope that feeds love: this, the facts take from you.
Met. 9.750Nōn tē custōdia cārō
arcet ab amplexū nec cautī cūra marītī,
nōn patris asperitās, nōn sē negat ipsa rogantī:
nec tamen est potienda tibi, nec, ut omnia fīant,
esse potes fēlīx, ut dīque hominēsque labōrent.
No guard keeps you from a dear embrace, no care of a watchful husband, no harshness of a father, nor does she herself refuse you when you ask: and yet she cannot be yours, nor, though everything should happen, can you be happy, though gods and men should labour for it.

Met. 9.755Nunc quoque vōtōrum nūlla est pars vāna meōrum,
dīque mihi facilēs, quidquid valuēre, dedērunt;
Even now no part of my prayers is in vain, and the gods have readily given me whatever they could;
Met. 9.757quodque ego, vult genitor, vult ipsa socerque futūrus.and what I want, my father wants, she herself wants, and my future father-in-law. Met. 9.758At nōn vult nātūra, potentior omnibus istīs,
quae mihi sōla nocet.
But nature does not want it, more powerful than all of these, and she alone harms me.
Met. 9.759Venit ecce optābile tempus,
760lūxque iugālis adest, et iam mea fīet Ianthē—
nec mihi continget: mediīs sitiēmus in undīs.
Look, the longed-for time is coming, the wedding day is here, and soon Ianthe will be mine — and yet she will not fall to me: we shall thirst in the midst of the waters.
Met. 9.762Prōnuba quid Iūnō, quid ad haec, Hymenaee, venītis
sacra, quibus quī dūcat abest, ubi nūbimus ambae?"
Why do you come, Juno of marriage, why, Hymen, to these rites, where there is no one to take a bride, where we are both brides?'

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×1, purpose clauses ×2, gerunds and gerundives ×2, indirect statement ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (380 words)
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
centum, indecl. adj.one hundred
Crētaeus, -a, -umCretan, of Crete
forsitan (adv.)perhaps
urbs, urbis, f.city
impleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētumfill; fulfil, complete
mōnstrum, -ī, n.wonder, monster
sī, conj.if
nōn, adv.not
mīrāculum, -ī, n.wonder, marvel, miracle
nūper, adv.newly, lately, recently
mūtō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuschange
propior, -iusnearer (+ dat.)
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
proximus, -a, -umnearest, next
Cnōsiacus, -a, -umof Cnossos; Cretan
nam, conj.for
quondam (adv.)once, formerly, at one time
Phaestius, -a, -umof Phaestus in Crete
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
prōgignō, -ere, -genuī, -genitusbeget, bear
tellūs, -ūris f.earth, land (poetic)
ignōtus, -a, -umunknown
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
ingenuus, -a, -umfreeborn; as noun, a freeborn man
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
plēbs, plēbis f.the common people
vir, virī, m.man
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
cēnsus, -ūs m.count, census
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
nōbilitās, -tātis f.the nobility
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
sed, conj.but
vīta, -ae, f.life
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
que, enclitic conj.and
inculpātus, -a, -umblameless, irreproachable
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
gravidus, -a, -umpregnant
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
coniūnx, coniugis, m. and f.spouse, husband, wife
auris, -is, f.ear
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
moneō, -ēre, -uī, -ituswarn
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
iam, adv.now, already
prope (adv. and prep. + acc.)near, nearly
partus, -ūs m.birth; offspring
adsum, adesse, adfuībe present, be at hand
voveō, -ēre, vōvī, vōtusvow, promise
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
relevō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslift up; lighten, relieve
dolor, -ōris, m.pain, grief; anger
mās, maris m.male
pariō, -ere, peperī, partusbring forth; win, gain
onerōsus, -a, -umheavy, weighty; burdensome, troublesome
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
sors, sortis, f.lot
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
negō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussay no or not, deny, refuse
abōminor, -ārī, -ātus sumdetest, loathe; (pass. sense) be abhorred, be unlawful
ergō (adv.)therefore, then; quid ergō? what then?
ēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusput forth, give out, utter
forte, adv.by chance, accidentally
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
fēmina, -ae, f.woman
invītus, -a, -umunwilling
mandō, -dāre, -dāvī, -dātusput in hand, intrust, commit; charge, command
pietās, -ātis f.dutifulness, devotion to family and gods
ignōscō, -ere, ignōvī, ignōtum (+ dat.)pardon, forgive
necō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusput to death, slay, kill
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
lacrima, -ae, f.tear
vultus, -ūs m.face, expression
lavō, -āre, lāvī, lautuswash; passive: bathe
profundō, -fundere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour out; squander
tam, adv.so
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
mandātum, -ī n.order, instruction, message
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
ūsque, adv.all the time; ūsque ad, as far as, until; quō ūsque, see quō
vānus, -a, -umempty, idle, vain; in vanum: in vain
marītus, -ī, m.husband
sollicitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumstir up, tempt
prex, precis f. (usu. pl.)prayer, entreaty
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
spēs, speī, f.hope
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
artus, -a, -umclose, tight; dense, thick
certus, -a, -umdetermined, fixed, certain; certiōrem facere, to make more certain, inform
sententia, -ae, f.opinion; purpose
vix, adv.with difficulty, scarcely, hardly, barely
gravis, -eheavy; severe, grievous, serious
mātūrus, -a, -umripe
pondus, ponderis, n.weight
venter, ventris, m.belly
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
nox, noctis, f.night
spatium, -ī, n.space, interval; space of time, time
sub, prep. with acc. and abl.under; sub vesperum, towards evening
imāgō, -inis f.likeness, image, portrait
somnus, -ī, m.sleep, drowsiness
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
torus, -ī m.cushion, mattress; couch
pompa, -ae f.procession, parade
comitor, -ārī, -ātus sumaccompany, follow
sacrum, -ī n.sacred object or rite; sacra: rites, worship
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
stō, stāre, stetī, statusstand
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
īnsum, inesse, īnfuībe in, be present in (dat.)
lūnāris, -eof the moon
frōns, frontis, f.forehead
cornū, -ūs, n.horn
cum, prep, with abl.with
spīca, -ae f.ear of grain
nitidus, -a, -umshining, sleek, well-groomed
flāveō, -ērebe yellow, be golden
aurum, -ī, n.gold
rēgālis, -eroyal
decus, -oris n.honour, glory; what is fitting, propriety
lātrātor, -ōris m.barker; latrator Anubis: the dog-headed god
sānctus, -a, -umconsecrated, sacred
varius, -a, -umvarious
color, -ōris, m.color
premō, premere, pressī, pressuspress, check, restrain
digitus, -ī m.finger (digitus pollex: thumb)
silentium, -ī n.silence; silentiō: in silence, quietly
suādeō, -ēre, suāsī, suāsusadvise, urge
sīstrum, -ī n.rattle used in the worship of Isis
numquam, adv.never
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
plēnus, -a, -umfull
somnifer, -era, -erumsleep-bringing
serpēns, -entis, f.serpent
peregrīnus, -ī, m.stranger, foreigner
venēnum, -ī, n.poison
tum, adv.then, at that time
veluteven or just as, as
excutiō, -ere, -cussī, -cussusshake off, shake out
manifestus, -a, -umplain, clear; caught in the act
sīc, adv.so, thus
adfor (affor), -fārī, -fātus sumspeak to, address
dea, -ae f.goddess
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
ō (interj.)O! oh!
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
cūra, -ae f.care, concern (cūrae esse: to be a concern)
fallō, fallere, fefellī, falsusdeceive
dubitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdoubt, hesitate
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
levō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslift; lighten, relieve
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātuslift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor
quisquis, quidquid (quicquid)whoever, whatever
auxiliāris, -e; as noun, -is m.auxiliary; (pl.) auxiliary troops
ops, opis f.; pl. opēs, -umhelp; (pl.) resources, wealth, power
exōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswin over by asking, beg for, obtain by entreaty
colō, colere, coluī, cultustill, cultivate; inhabit; worship
queror, -ī, questus sumcomplain
ingrātus, -a, -umunwelcome, unpleasant; ungrateful
nūmen, -inis n.divine power, divinity
thalamus, -ī m.bedroom; marriage bed; marriage
recēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumgo back, withdraw, retire
laetus, -a, -umglad, joyful
surgō, -ere, surrēxī, surrēctusrise, get up, stand up
pūrus, -a, -umclean, pure; (of land) clear, unbuilt
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
sīdus, -eris n.star, constellation
supplex, -icisbegging, as a suppliant
manus, -ūs, f.hand
ratus, -a, -umfixed, settled, valid; (reor) having thought
vīsum, -ī n.a sight, vision, appearance
precor, -ārī, -ātus sumpray, beg
incrēscō, -ere, -crēvīgrow, increase
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
aura, -ae, f.air, breeze
expellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive out, expel
nāscor, -ī, nātus sumbe born; rise, begin
ignārus, -a, -umignorant
pater, patris, m.father
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
alō, -ere, -uī, -tusnourish
māter, mātris, f.mother
puer, puerī, m.boy
mentior, -īrī, -ītus sumlie, tell a lie
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
fingō, fingere, finxī, fictusinvent, make up
nisi, conj.if not, unless
cōnscius, -a, -umaware, conscious (of)
nūtrīx, -īcis f.nurse
vōtum, -ī n.vow; wish, prayer
solvō, solvere, solvī, solūtusloosen, unbind, release; pay; with or without nāvem, cast off, set sail, put to sea
impōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusplace or lay upon, impose; embark
avītus, -a, -umof a grandfather, ancestral, inherited
avus, -ī, m.grandfather
gaudeō, gaudēre, gāvīsusbe glad, rejoice
quod, conj.that, in that, because
commūnis, -ecommon, shared, public
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
inde (adv.)from there; then
inceptum, -ī n.beginning, attempt, undertaking
pius, -a, -umdutiful, devoted, pious
mendācium, -ī n.lie, falsehood
fraus, fraudis, f.deception, fraud
lateō, -ēre, -uīlie hid, be concealed
cultus, -ūs m.way of life; civilization, refinement
faciēs, -ēī f.face; appearance
sīve or seu, conj.or if; sīve ... sīve, whether ... or
puella, -ae, f.girl, maiden
fōrmōsus, -a, -umbeautiful
uterque, utraque, utrumqueeach, either, both
tertius, -a, -umthird
intereā, adv.in the meantime, meanwhile
decimus, -a, -umtenth
succēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo or come under, follow after, succeed
annus, -ī, m.year
flāvus, -a, -umyellow, golden
dēspondeō, -ēre, -spondī, -spōnsuspromise in marriage, betroth
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
laudātus, -a, -umpraised, esteemed, excellent
fōrma, -ae, f.form, appearance; beauty
dōs, dōtis f.dowry
virgō, virginis, f.maiden
Dictaeus, -a, -umof Mount Dicte in Crete; Cretan
pār, parisequal
aetās, -tātis, f.age
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
magister, -trī, m.master
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
ars, artis, f.art
elementum, -ī n.element, first principle; (pl.) beginnings, rudiments
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
hinc, adv.from this place, hence
amor, -ōris, m.love
ambō, -ae, -ōboth
tangō, tangere, tetigī, tāctustouch
rudis, -eraw, rough; (of cloth) new, unshrunk
pectus, pectoris, n.breast
aequus, -a, -umlevel; equal; fair
vulnus, vulneris, n.wound
fīdūcia, -ae f.confidence, trust, reliance
dispār, -parisunequal, unlike
coniugium, -ī n.marriage, wedlock
pangō, -ere, pepigī, pāctusfix; agree, bargain for
exspectō, -spectāre, -spectāvī, -spectātuslook out for, wait for, await, expect; wait
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
taeda, -ae f.pine torch; (often) the wedding torch, marriage
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
amō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslove
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
fruor, -ī, frūctus sum (+ abl.)enjoy
dēspērō, -spērāre, -spērāvī, -spērātusdespair
augeō, -ēre, auxī, auctumincrease, enlarge
flamma, -ae, f.flame
ārdeō, ārdēre, ārsī, ārsusbe on fire, burn
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsusremain
exitus, -ūs m.way out; outcome, end
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
prōdigiōsus, -a, -ummarvellous, uncanny, monstrous
deus, -ī, m.god
parcō, -ere, pepercī, parsūrusspare, show mercy to (+ dat.)
volō, velle, voluīwish
nātūrālis, -enatural, by nature
malum, -ī, n.evil, mischief
saltem (adv.)at least
mōs, mōris, m.way, manner, habit, custom
vacca, -ae f.cow
equa, -ae f.mare
ūrō, ūrere, ussī, ūstusburn
ovis, -is, f.sheep
ariēs, -etis, m.ram
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
cervus, -ī, m.stag
avis, -is, f.bird
coeō, -īre, -iī, -itumcome together, assemble
animal, -ālis n.living creature, animal
cūnctus, -a, -umall, the whole
fēmineus, -a, -umof a woman, a woman's, female
corripiō, -ripere, -ripuī, -reptusseize, snatch, snatch up
cupīdō, -inis f. (in Sallust also m.)desire, longing, greed
omnis, -eall, every
taurus, -ī, m.bull
dīligō, -ere, -lēxī, -lēctuslove, value highly
fīlia, -ae, f.daughter
sōl, sōlis, m.sun
nempe (adv.)of course, surely, to be sure
furiōsus, -a, -umraging, mad, frenzied
vērum (conj.)but, but in fact; nōn modo ... vērum etiam: not only ... but also
profiteor, -ērī, -fessus sumdeclare openly; offer oneself as
dolus, -ī, m.trick, craft
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
bōs, bovis, gen. plur. boum, dat. and abl. plur. bōbus, m. and f.ox, bull, cow
dēcipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptuscatch, deceive
adulter, -erī m.adulterer
hūc, adv.to this place, hither
licet, -ēre, -uit or -itum est, impers.is lawful or permitted
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
sollertia, -ae f.ingenuity, resourcefulness
cōnfluō, -ere, -flūxīflow together; flock together, gather
orbis, -is, m.circle; orbis terrae or terrārum, circle of the earth or lands, earth, world
revolō, -āre, -āvīfly back
cērātus, -a, -umwaxed, joined with wax
ala, -ae, f.wing
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
num, adv., introducing a question to which a negative answer is expecteduntranslatable
doctus, -a, -umlearned, skilled, trained (in: abl.)
efficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusmake or work out, accomplish, effect
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
firmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstrengthen, secure
recolligō (reconligō), -ere, -lēgī, -lēctusgather again, recover; se recolligere: pull oneself together
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
inops, -opispoor, needy
stultus, -a, -umfoolish, stupid
ignis, -is, m.fire
quoque, adv.also
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
fās (indecl.) n.what is right by divine law (fās est: it is allowed)
dēbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusowe; with infin., ought
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
pāscō, pāscere, pāvī, pāstusfeed
adimō, -imere, -ēmī, -ēmptustake to oneself, take away
custōdia, -ae f.guard, protection
cārus, -a, -umdear, precious
arceō, -ēre, -uīkeep off, keep away, shut out
amplexus, -ūs m.embrace
cautus, -a, -umcareful, wary, on one's guard
asperitās, -ātis f.roughness, unevenness; harshness
rogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusask
potior, -īrī, -ītusbecome master of, get possession of
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
fēlīx, -īcisfortunate, lucky, happy
homō, hominis, m.man
labōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslabor, toil
nunc, adv.now
facilis, -e (comp. facilior)easy
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
genitor, -ōris m.father
socer, -erī m.father-in-law
at, conj.but
nātūra, -ae, f.nature, character
potēns, -entispowerful
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
sōlus, -a, -umalone
noceō, -ēre, nocuī, nocitum (+ dat.)harm, hurt
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
ecce (interj.)look! see! here is
optābilis, -edesirable, to be wished for
lūx, lūcis, f.light
iugālis, -eof marriage, nuptial
contingō, -ere, -tigī, -tāctumtouch, reach
sitiō, -īre, -īvībe thirsty, thirst
unda, -ae, f.wave
prōnuba, -ae f.matron who attends the bride; of Juno, goddess of marriage
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
absum, abesse, āfuī, āfutūrusbe away, be absent, be distant; be wanting
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
nūbō, -ere, nūpsī, nūptum (+ dat.)marry (said of a woman)
Ovid, Metamorphoses IX. Latin text: H. Magnus, Die Metamorphosen des P. Ovidius Naso (Gotha, 1892), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.