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Livy · Ab Urbe Condita III

Ab Urbe Condita 3.59

Duillius restrains the tribunes

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Liv. 3.59.1Ingēns metus incesserat patrēs, vultūsque iam iīdem tribūnōrum erant, quī Decemvirōrum fuerant, cum M. Duillius tribūnus plēbis inhibitō salūbriter modo nimiae potestātī "et lībertātis" inquit "nostrae et poenārum ex inimīcīs satis est;Great fear had come upon the senators, and the faces of the tribunes were now the same as those of the decemvirs had been, when Marcus Duillius, tribune of the plebs, wholesomely checking their excessive power, said: 'Enough has been done both for our liberty and for punishing our enemies; Liv. 3.59.2itaque hōc annō nec diem dīcī cuiquam nec in vincla dūcī quemquam sum passūrus.and so this year I shall not allow anyone to be summoned to trial or anyone to be led off to prison. Liv. 3.59.2Nam neque vetera peccāta repetī iam oblitterāta placet, cum nova expiāta sint Decemvirōrum suppliciīs, et nihil admissum īrī, quod vim tribūniciam dēsīderet, spondet perpetua cōnsulum ambōrum in lībertāte vestrā tuendā cūra."For I do not wish old offences, now forgotten, to be raked up, when the new ones have been atoned for by the punishment of the decemvirs; and that nothing will be committed which calls for the tribunes' force is guaranteed by the unceasing care of both consuls in protecting your liberty.' Liv. 3.59.4Ea prīmum moderātiō tribūnī metum patribus dēmpsit eademque auxit cōnsulum invidiam, quod adeō tōtī plēbis fuissent, ut patrum salūtis lībertātisque prior plēbēiō magistrātuī quam patriciō cūra fuisset, et ante inimīcōs satietās poenārum suārum cēpisset, quam obviam itūrōs licentiae eōrum cōnsulēs appārēret.This moderation of the tribune first removed the senators' fear, and it also increased the odium against the consuls, because they had been so wholly devoted to the plebs that a plebeian magistrate had shown concern for the safety and liberty of the senators before a patrician one, and their enemies had had their fill of punishing them before it was apparent that the consuls would stand in the way of their licence.

Liv. 3.59.5Multīque erant, quī mollius cōnsultum dīcerent, quod lēgum ab iīs lātārum patrēs auctōrēs fuissent, neque erat dubium, quīn turbātō reī pūblicae statū temporī succubuissent.And there were many who said that the senators had acted too weakly in ratifying the laws the consuls had proposed, and there was no doubt that, in the troubled state of the commonwealth, they had yielded to the times.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×1, purpose clauses ×1, indirect statement ×1, ablative absolute ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (98 words)
ingēns, -gentis, adj.huge, vast
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
incēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumwalk, step, advance
pater, patris, m.father
vultus, -ūs m.face, expression
que, enclitic conj.and
iam, adv.now, already
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
tribūnus, -ī m.tribune (tribūnus mīlitum: senior officer of a legion)
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
decemvir, -ī m.member of a board of ten; (pl.) the decemvirs, here keepers of the Sibylline books
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
plēbs, plēbis f.the common people
inhibeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushold back, check, rein in
salūbriter (adv.)healthily; beneficially, usefully
modo, adv.only
nimius, -a, -umexcessive, too great
potestās, -ātis f.power, authority
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
lībertās, -tātis, f.freedom, liberty
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
noster, -tra, -trumour
poena, -ae, f.penalty, punishment
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
inimīcus, -a, -umunfriendly, hostile
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
itaque, adv.and so, accordingly, therefore
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
annus, -ī, m.year
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
vinculum, -ī, n.bond, chain
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
nam, conj.for
vetus, veterisold, former
peccātum, -ī n.fault, sin
repetō, -ere, -petīvī, -petītumdemand back; seek again
oblitterō (oblīterō), -āre, -āvī, -ātusblot out, efface; consign to oblivion
placeō, -ēre, placuī, placitum (+ dat.)please (placuit eī: he decided)
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
expiō, -piāre, -piāvī, -piātusexpiate
supplicium, -ī, n.punishment, torture
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
admittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend to, admit; allow
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
tribūnicius, -a, -umof a tribune; tribūnicia potestās: the tribunes' power
dēsīderō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslong for, miss; require
spondeō, -ēre, spopondī, spōnsuspromise solemnly; stand surety, guarantee (a debt)
perpetuus, -a, -umcontinuous, perpetual; in perpetuum, for all time, forever
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
ambō, -ae, -ōboth
vester, -tra, -trumyour
tueor, -ērī, tuitus sumwatch over, protect, defend
cūra, -ae f.care, concern (cūrae esse: to be a concern)
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
moderātiō, -ōnis f.restraint, moderation, self-control; control, management
dēmō, -ere, dēmpsī, dēmptustake away, remove
augeō, -ēre, auxī, auctumincrease, enlarge
invidia, -ae f.envy, jealousy, ill will
quod, conj.that, in that, because
adeō (adv.)so far, to such a degree; so
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
salūs, salūtis, f.safety, deliverance, escape
prior, priusearlier, former; in front (priōrēs: those in front)
plēbēius, -a, -umof the common people, plebeian; common, vulgar
magistrātus, -ūs m.magistrate, official
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
patricius, -ī m.patrician, member of the old Roman nobility
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
satietās, -ātis f.fullness, satiety; weariness, disgust
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
obviam, adv.in the way, opposite, face to face; obviam fierī, to meet; obviam īre, to go to meet
licentia, -ae f.freedom; lack of restraint, lawlessness
appāreō, -ēre, -uī, -itumappear, come into view, show oneself
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
molliter (adv.)softly, gently; in comfort, luxuriously
cōnsulō, -ere, -uī, -tusconsult
lēx, lēgis f.law
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
auctor, -ōris m.originator, instigator
dubius, -a, -umdoubtful, uncertain
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
turbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconfuse, throw into disorder, disturb, trouble
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
status, -ūs m.condition, state
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
succumbō, -ere, -cubuī, -cubitumsink under, give way, yield
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita III. Latin text: B. O. Foster, Livy (Loeb, 1919–29), with some passages from W. Weissenborn and H. J. Müller (Teubner, 1884–1911), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.