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Fabulae Faciles 34
The battle
Ritchie, Fabulae Faciles: Hercules. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.
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Read in Lectitō34.1Palūs erat nōn magna inter duo exercitūs; neutrī tamen initium trānseundī facere volēbant.
There was a small swamp between the two armies; but neither side wanted to be the first to cross.
Note. neutrī is plural because each side was a group of people.
34.2Tandem Herculēs signum dedit, et ubi palūdem trānsiit, proelium commīsit.
At last Hercules gave the signal, and when he had crossed the swamp, he joined battle.
34.3Amāzonēs impetum virōrum fortissimē sustinuērunt, et contrā opīniōnem omnium tantam virtūtem praestitērunt ut multōs eōrum occīderint, multōs etiam in fugam coniēcerint.
The Amazons very bravely withstood the attack of the men, and, contrary to everyone's expectation, showed such courage that they killed many of them and put many to flight.
Note. occīderint: after a past main verb, a result clause sometimes uses the perfect subjunctive.
34.4Virī enim novō genere pugnae perturbābantur nec magnam virtūtem praestābant.
For the men were thrown into confusion by a new kind of fighting and did not show much courage.
Note. virī means 'men' as opposed to women; hominēs means human beings in general.
34.5Herculēs autem cum haec vidēret, dē suīs fortūnīs dēspērāre coepit.
But when Hercules saw this, he began to despair of his fortunes.
34.6Mīlitēs igitur vehementer cohortātus est ut prīstinae virtūtis memoriam retinērent neu tantum dēdecus admitterent, hostiumque impetum fortiter sustinērent; quibus verbīs animōs omnium ita ērēxit ut multī etiam quī vulneribus cōnfectī essent proelium sine morā redintegrārent.
So he urged his soldiers strongly to remember their former courage and not to commit so great a disgrace, but to withstand the enemy's attack bravely; and with these words he so raised the spirits of all that many, even those who were worn out by wounds, renewed the battle without delay.
Vocabulary
| palūs, -ūdis, f. | swamp, marsh |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| nōn, adv. | not |
| magnus, -a, -um | large, big, great, mighty; loud |
| inter, prep, with acc. | among, between |
| duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj. | two |
| exercitus, -ūs, m. | army |
| neuter, neutra, neutrum | neither |
| tamen, adv. | however, yet, nevertheless |
| initium, -ī, n. | beginning |
| trānseō, -īre, -iī, -itus | go across or over, cross |
| faciō, facere, fēcī, factus | make, do; iter facere, see iter |
| volō, velle, voluī | wish |
| tandem, adv. | at length or last, finally |
| signum, -ī, n. | sign, signal |
| dō, dare, dedī, datus | give |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| ubi, adv. | where; conj., when |
| proelium, -ī, n. | battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle |
| committō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missus | send together; commit, intrust; expose; proelium committere, to join battle |
| impetus, -ūs, m. | attack; impetum facere, to charge |
| vir, virī, m. | man |
| fortiter, adv. | bravely |
| sustineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentus | hold or bear up, sustain, withstand |
| contrā, prep, with acc. | against, contrary to |
| opīniō, -ōnis, f. | opinion, expectation; reputation |
| omnis, -e | all, every |
| tantus, -a, -um | so great or much |
| virtūs, -tūtis, f. | manliness, courage, bravery |
| praestō, -stāre, -stitī, -stitus | stand in front; show |
| ut, conj. | as; when; that; ita ut, as |
| multus, -a, -um | much, great; plur., many |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| occīdō, -cīdere, -cīdī, -cīsus | cut down, kill |
| etiam, adv. | and now, also, too, even |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| fuga, -ae, f. | flight |
| coniciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectus | throw together; throw, cast, hurl |
| enim, conj. | for |
| novus, -a, -um | new; novissimus, last |
| genus, generis, n. | kind, nature |
| pugna, -ae, f. | fighting, battle, combat |
| perturbō, -turbāre, -turbāvi, -turbātus | greatly disturb, disturb, agitate, throw into confusion |
| neque or nec, conj. | and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not |
| autem, conj. | moreover; but, however; now |
| cum, conj. | when, while, after; since; although |
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus | see; pass., seem |
| dē, prep, with abl. | down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of |
| suus, -a, -um | his, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their |
| fortūna, -ae, f. | fortune |
| dēspērō, -spērāre, -spērāvī, -spērātus | despair |
| coepī, coepisse, coeptus (used in tenses of completed action) | have begun, began |
| mīles, mīlitis, m. | soldier |
| igitur, conj. | therefore |
| vehementer, adv. | violently, vehemently; earnestly; exceedingly, greatly |
| cohortor, -hortārī, -hortātus | encourage, exhort |
| prīstinus, -a, -um | former |
| memoria, -ae, f. | memory |
| retineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentus | hold or keep back, keep, restrain; hold fast |
| nēve or neu, conj. | and that not, and not, nor |
| dēdecus, -decoris, n. | dishonor, disgrace |
| admittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missus | send to, admit; allow |
| hostis, -is, m. and f. | enemy, foe |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| verbum, -ī, n. | word |
| animus, -ī, m. | mind; heart; spirit, courage |
| ita, adv. | in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as |
| ērigō, -rigere, -rēxī, -rēctus | raise or set up, raise, lift; cheer, encourage |
| vulnus, vulneris, n. | wound |
| cōnficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectus | make or do completely, complete, finish, accomplish, make; wear out |
| sine, prep. with abl. | without |
| mora, -ae, f. | delay |
| redintegrō, -integrāre, -integrāvī, -integrātus | make whole again, renew |