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Fabulae Faciles 34

The battle

Ritchie, Fabulae Faciles: Hercules. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

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34.1Palūs erat nōn magna inter duo exercitūs; neutrī tamen initium trānseundī facere volēbant.

There was a small swamp between the two armies; but neither side wanted to be the first to cross.

Note. neutrī is plural because each side was a group of people.

34.2Tandem Herculēs signum dedit, et ubi palūdem trānsiit, proelium commīsit.

At last Hercules gave the signal, and when he had crossed the swamp, he joined battle.

34.3Amāzonēs impetum virōrum fortissimē sustinuērunt, et contrā opīniōnem omnium tantam virtūtem praestitērunt ut multōs eōrum occīderint, multōs etiam in fugam coniēcerint.

The Amazons very bravely withstood the attack of the men, and, contrary to everyone's expectation, showed such courage that they killed many of them and put many to flight.

Note. occīderint: after a past main verb, a result clause sometimes uses the perfect subjunctive.

34.4Virī enim novō genere pugnae perturbābantur nec magnam virtūtem praestābant.

For the men were thrown into confusion by a new kind of fighting and did not show much courage.

Note. virī means 'men' as opposed to women; hominēs means human beings in general.

34.5Herculēs autem cum haec vidēret, dē suīs fortūnīs dēspērāre coepit.

But when Hercules saw this, he began to despair of his fortunes.

34.6Mīlitēs igitur vehementer cohortātus est ut prīstinae virtūtis memoriam retinērent neu tantum dēdecus admitterent, hostiumque impetum fortiter sustinērent; quibus verbīs animōs omnium ita ērēxit ut multī etiam quī vulneribus cōnfectī essent proelium sine morā redintegrārent.

So he urged his soldiers strongly to remember their former courage and not to commit so great a disgrace, but to withstand the enemy's attack bravely; and with these words he so raised the spirits of all that many, even those who were worn out by wounds, renewed the battle without delay.

Vocabulary

palūs, -ūdis, f.swamp, marsh
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
nōn, adv.not
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
neuter, neutra, neutrumneither
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
initium, -ī, n.beginning
trānseō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo across or over, cross
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
volō, velle, voluīwish
tandem, adv.at length or last, finally
signum, -ī, n.sign, signal
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
committō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend together; commit, intrust; expose; proelium committere, to join battle
impetus, -ūs, m.attack; impetum facere, to charge
vir, virī, m.man
fortiter, adv.bravely
sustineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or bear up, sustain, withstand
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
opīniō, -ōnis, f.opinion, expectation; reputation
omnis, -eall, every
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
praestō, -stāre, -stitī, -stitusstand in front; show
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
occīdō, -cīdere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut down, kill
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
fuga, -ae, f.flight
coniciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow together; throw, cast, hurl
enim, conj.for
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
genus, generis, n.kind, nature
pugna, -ae, f.fighting, battle, combat
perturbō, -turbāre, -turbāvi, -turbātusgreatly disturb, disturb, agitate, throw into confusion
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
fortūna, -ae, f.fortune
dēspērō, -spērāre, -spērāvī, -spērātusdespair
coepī, coepisse, coeptus (used in tenses of completed action)have begun, began
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
igitur, conj.therefore
vehementer, adv.violently, vehemently; earnestly; exceedingly, greatly
cohortor, -hortārī, -hortātusencourage, exhort
prīstinus, -a, -umformer
memoria, -ae, f.memory
retineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or keep back, keep, restrain; hold fast
nēve or neu, conj.and that not, and not, nor
dēdecus, -decoris, n.dishonor, disgrace
admittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend to, admit; allow
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
que, enclitic conj.and
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
verbum, -ī, n.word
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
ērigō, -rigere, -rēxī, -rēctusraise or set up, raise, lift; cheer, encourage
vulnus, vulneris, n.wound
cōnficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusmake or do completely, complete, finish, accomplish, make; wear out
sine, prep. with abl.without
mora, -ae, f.delay
redintegrō, -integrāre, -integrāvī, -integrātusmake whole again, renew
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Ritchie, Fabulae Faciles: Hercules. Latin text, notes and vocabulary: F. Ritchie, Fabulae Faciles (1903), public domain, from Project Gutenberg. Word analysis: LatinCy, then checked by hand. Grammar hints detected from the checked analysis. English: written for this app.