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Cicero · Pro Roscio Amerino

Pro Roscio 44

Chrysogonus, not Sulla, to blame

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Rosc. Am. 44.1In quem hoc dīcam quaeris, Erucī?Do you ask against whom I say this, Erucius? Rosc. Am. 44.1Nōn in eum quem vīs et putās;Not against the man you want and suppose; Rosc. Am. 44.1nam Sullam et ōrātiō mea ab initiō et ipsīus eximia virtūs omnī tempore pūrgāvit.for Sulla has been cleared both by my speech from the beginning and by his own outstanding merit at all times. Rosc. Am. 44.1Ego haec omnia Chrȳsogonum fēcisse dīcō, ut ēmentīrētur, ut malum cīvem Sex. Roscium fuisse fingeret, ut eum apud adversāriōs occīsum esse dīceret, ut hīs dē rēbus ā lēgātīs Amerīnōrum docērī L. Sullam passus nōn sit.I say that Chrysogonus did all this: that he lied, that he made out that Sextus Roscius had been a bad citizen, that he said he had been killed among the enemy, that he did not allow Lucius Sulla to be informed of these matters by the envoys of the Amerians. Rosc. Am. 44.1Dēnique etiam illud suspicor, omnīnō haec bona nōn vēnīsse;Finally, I suspect this too, that this property was never sold at all; Rosc. Am. 44.1id quod posteā, sī per vōs, iūdicēs, licitum erit, aperiētur.which will be revealed later, gentlemen, if you permit it.

Rosc. Am. 44.128Opīnor enim esse in lēge quam ad diem prōscrīptiōnēs vēnditiōnēsque fīant, nīmīrum Kalendās Iūniās.For I believe there is in the law a date by which proscriptions and sales are to be made, namely the first of June. Rosc. Am. 44.128Aliquot post mēnsīs et homō occīsus est et bona vēnīsse dīcuntur.Some months later the man was killed and the property is said to have been sold. Rosc. Am. 44.128Profectō aut haec bona in tabulās pūblicās nūlla rediērunt nōsque ab istō nebulōne facētius ēlūdimur quam putāmus, aut, sī rediērunt, tabulae pūblicae corruptae aliquā ratiōne sunt;Surely either none of this property has come into the public accounts and we are being fooled by that scoundrel more cleverly than we think, or, if it has, the public accounts have been falsified in some way; Rosc. Am. 44.128nam lēge quidem bona vēnīre nōn potuisse cōnstat.for it is agreed that the property at any rate could not have been sold lawfully. Rosc. Am. 44.128Intellegō mē ante tempus, iūdicēs, haec scrūtārī et prope modum errāre quī, cum capitī Sex. Roscī medērī dēbeam, reduviam cūrem.I realise, gentlemen, that I am examining these things before the proper time, and am almost going astray, since, when I ought to be healing the head of Sextus Roscius, I am tending a hangnail.

Rosc. Am. 44.128Nōn enim labōrat dē pecūniā, nōn ūllīus ratiōnem suī commodī dūcit;For he is not troubled about money, he takes no account of any advantage of his own; Rosc. Am. 44.128facile egestātem suam sē lātūrum putat, sī hāc indignā suspīciōne et fictō crīmine līberātus sit.he thinks he will easily bear his poverty, if he is freed from this undeserved suspicion and fabricated charge. Rosc. Am. 44.129Vērum quaesō ā vōbīs, iūdicēs, ut haec pauca quae restant ita audiātis ut partim mē dīcere prō mē ipsō putētis, partim prō Sex. Rosciō.But I ask of you, gentlemen, to listen to these few remaining points in such a way that you consider that I am speaking partly for myself, partly for Sextus Roscius. Rosc. Am. 44.129Quae enim mihi ipsī indigna et intolerābilia videntur quaeque ad omnīs, nisi prōvidēmus, arbitror pertinēre, ea prō mē ipsō ex animī meī sēnsū ac dolōre prōnūntiō;For the things that seem to me personally undeserved and intolerable, and which I think concern everyone unless we take care, these I declare on my own behalf from the feeling and pain of my heart; Rosc. Am. 44.129quae ad huius vītae cāsum causamque pertinent et quid hic prō sē dīcī velit et quā condiciōne contentus sit iam in extrēmā ōrātiōne nostrā, iūdicēs, audiētis.what concerns the peril to this man's life and his case, and what he wishes to be said on his behalf, and with what terms he is content, you will hear, gentlemen, at the very end of my speech.

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Grammar in this passage: purpose clauses ×4, indirect statement ×11

Latin vocabulary for this passage (142 words)
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
nōn, adv.not
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
volō, velle, voluīwish
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
nam, conj.for
ōrātiō, -ōnis, f.speech; ōrātiōnem habēre, to deliver an oration, speak
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
initium, -ī, n.beginning
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
eximius, -a, -umoutstanding, exceptional
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
omnis, -eall, every
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
pūrgō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake clean, clean, cleanse
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
ēmentior, -īrī, -ītus sumlie, invent falsely
malus, -a, -umbad
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
fingō, fingere, finxī, fictusinvent, make up
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
adversārius, -ī m.opponent, enemy
occīdō, -cīdere, -cīdī, -cīsuscut down, kill
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
Amerīnus, -a, -umof Ameria in Umbria
doceo, -ēre, -uī, -tusteach, explain
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
dēnique, adv.lastly, finally
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
suspicor, -spicārī, -spicātussuspect
omnīnō, adv.altogether, wholly, entirely
bonum, -ī n.a good thing, advantage; (pl.) goods
vēneō, -īre, -iībe sold (+ abl. of price)
posteā, adv.after this, afterwards
sī, conj.if
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
vōsplur. of tū
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
licet, -ēre, -uit or -itum est, impers.is lawful or permitted
aperiō, -īre, -uī, -tusopen
opīnor, -ārī, -ātus sumthink, suppose; ut opīnor: I imagine
enim, conj.for
lēx, lēgis f.law
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
prōscrīptiō, -ōnis f.public notice of sale; proscription (outlawing and confiscation, as under Sulla)
vēnditiō, -ōnis f.sale, selling
que, enclitic conj.and
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
nīmīrum (adv.)of course, no doubt, evidently (often ironic)
Kalendae, -ārum f. pl.the Kalends (1st day of the month)
Iūnius, -a, -umof June (Kalendae Iūniae: 1 June)
aliquot (indecl.)several, some
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
mēnsis, -is m.month
homō, hominis, m.man
profectō, adv.certainly, surely
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
tabula, -ae f.tablet, written list
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
redeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo back, return
nōsplur. of ego
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
nebulō, -ōnis m.good-for-nothing, idler, scoundrel
facētē (adv.)wittily, cleverly
ēlūdō, -ere, -lūsī, -lūsusmock, make sport of; elude
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
corrumpō, -rumpere, -rūpī, -ruptusspoil, ruin, destroy; bribe
aliquī, -qua, -quod, indef. pron. adj.some, any
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
cōnstō, -stāre, -stitī, -stātūrusstand together, agree; consist;
intellegō, -legere, -lēxī, -lēctusperceive, understand
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
scrūtor, -ārī, -ātus sumsearch, examine closely
prope (adv. and prep. + acc.)near, nearly
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
errō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswander, stray; be mistaken
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
caput, capitis, n.head
medeor, -ērīheal, remedy (+ dat.)
dēbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusowe; with infin., ought
reduvia, -ae f.hangnail; a trifling ailment
cūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumtake care of; (+ gerundive) have something done
labōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslabor, toil
pecūnia, -ae, f.money (the possession of cattle constituting wealth in early times)
ūllus, -a, -umany
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
commodum, -ī n.advantage, interest
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
facile, adv.easily
egestās, -ātis f.want, poverty
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
indignus, -a, -umunworthy; shameful
suspīciō, -ōnis, f.suspicion
crīmen, -inis n.charge, accusation; crime
līberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusset free, free, liberate, release
vērum (conj.)but, but in fact; nōn modo ... vērum etiam: not only ... but also
quaesō (defective)I beg, please
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
restō, -āre, restitīstay behind, remain
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
audiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītushear; listen or attend to
partim (adv.)partly (partim … partim: some … others)
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
intolerābilis, -eunbearable
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
nisi, conj.if not, unless
prōvideō, -ēre, -vīdī, -vīsumforesee; provide for
arbitror, -ārī, -ātusconsider, think, judge
pertineō, -ēre, -uīextend, reach; tend toward, concern
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
sēnsus, -ūs m.feeling, sensation; perception; sentiment
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
dolor, -ōris, m.pain, grief; anger
prōnūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusproclaim, announce
vīta, -ae, f.life
cāsus, -ūs, m.fall; chance, accident
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
condiciō, -ōnis f.terms; condition, status
contentus, -a, -umcontent, satisfied (+ abl.)
iam, adv.now, already
extrēmus, -a, -umlast, extreme, furthest
noster, -tra, -trumour
Cicero, Pro Roscio Amerino. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.