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Cicero · Pro Murena

Pro Murena 29

Cato and the Stoic paradoxes

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Mur. 29.1Ego tuum cōnsilium, Catō, propter singulāre animī meī dē tuā virtūte iūdicium vituperāre nōn possum;I cannot find fault with your purpose, Cato, because of the singular opinion I hold of your virtue; Mur. 29.1nōn nūlla forsitan cōnfōrmāre et leviter ēmendāre possim.some things perhaps I could reshape and slightly correct. Mur. 29.1"Nōn multa peccās," inquit ille fortissimō virō senior magister, "sed peccās;'You do not err much,' said that elderly tutor to a most brave man, 'but you do err; Mur. 29.1tē regere possum."I can guide you.' Mur. 29.1At ego nōn tē;But I cannot guide you; Mur. 29.1vērissimē dīxerim peccāre tē nihil neque ūllā in rē tē esse huius modī ut corrigendus potius quam leviter īnflectendus esse videāre.I would say with complete truth that you do not err at all, and that in no matter are you such that you seem to need correcting rather than gentle bending. Mur. 29.1Finxit enim tē ipsa nātūra ad honestātem, gravitātem, temperantiam, magnitūdinem animī, iūstitiam, ad omnīs dēnique virtūtēs magnum hominem et excelsum.For nature herself has fashioned you a great and lofty man for honour, dignity, self-control, greatness of mind, justice, in short for all the virtues.

Mur. 29.1Accessit istūc doctrīna nōn moderāta nec mītis sed, ut mihi vidētur, paulō asperior et dūrior quam aut vēritās aut nātūra patitur.To this was added a doctrine that is neither moderate nor mild but, as it seems to me, somewhat harsher and sterner than either truth or nature allows. Mur. 29.61Et quoniam nōn est nōbīs haec ōrātiō habenda aut in imperītā multitūdine aut in aliquō conventū agrestium, audācius paulō dē studiīs hūmānitātis quae et mihi et vōbīs nota et iūcunda sunt disputābō.And since this speech is not to be made before an ignorant multitude or some gathering of rustics, I shall discuss somewhat boldly those liberal studies which are both familiar and pleasant to you and to me. Mur. 29.61In Catōne, iūdicēs, haec bona quae vidēmus dīvīna et ēgregia ipsīus scītōte esse propria;In Cato, judges, know that these divine and excellent qualities which we see are his very own; Mur. 29.61quae nōn numquam requīrimus, ea sunt omnia nōn ā nātūrā vērum ā magistrō.the things we sometimes find lacking all come not from nature but from his teacher. Mur. 29.61Fuit enim quīdam summō ingeniō vir, Zēnō, cuius inventōrum aemulī Stōicī nōminantur.For there was a man of the highest genius, Zeno, the followers of whose doctrines are called Stoics.

Mur. 29.61Huius sententiae sunt et praecepta eius modī.His opinions and precepts are of this kind. Mur. 29.61Sapientem grātiā numquam movērī, numquam cuiusquam dēlictō ignōscere;That the wise man is never moved by favour and never pardons anyone's fault; Mur. 29.61nēminem misericordem esse nisi stultum et levem;that no one is compassionate except a fool and a shallow man; Mur. 29.61virī nōn esse neque exōrārī neque plācārī;that it is not a man's part to be won over by entreaty or appeased; Mur. 29.61sōlōs sapientēs esse, sī distortissimī sint, fōrmōsōs, sī mendīcissimī, dīvitēs, sī servitūtem serviant, rēgēs;that the wise alone, though they be most misshapen, are handsome; though most beggarly, rich; though they be in slavery, kings; Mur. 29.61nōs autem quī sapientēs nōn sumus fugitīvōs, exsulēs, hostīs, īnsānōs dēnique esse dīcunt;while we who are not wise they call runaway slaves, exiles, enemies, in short madmen; Mur. 29.61omnia peccāta esse paria;that all faults are equal; Mur. 29.61omne dēlictum scelus esse nefārium, nec minus dēlinquere eum quī gallum gallīnāceum, cum opus nōn fuerit, quam eum quī patrem suffōcāverit;that every offence is an abominable crime, and that the man who has strangled a cockerel, when there was no need, does no less wrong than the man who has strangled his father; Mur. 29.61sapientem nihil opīnārī, nūllīus reī paenitēre, nūllā in rē fallī, sententiam mūtāre numquam.that the wise man never conjectures, regrets nothing, is deceived in nothing, never changes his opinion.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×3, purpose clauses ×1, indirect statement ×4

Latin vocabulary for this passage (153 words)
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
propter, prep. with acc.on account of, because of
singulāris, -esingle; remarkable
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
iūdicium, -ī n.trial, court; judgment
vituperō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusfind fault with, blame
nōn, adv.not
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
forsitan (adv.)perhaps
cōnfōrmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusshape, mould, train
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
leviter, adv.slightly
ēmendō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscorrect, make good, remove faults
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
peccō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumdo wrong
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
fortis, -ebrave
vir, virī, m.man
senior, -ōris m.elder; seniores: the elders (of the people)
magister, -trī, m.master
sed, conj.but
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
regō, -ere, rēxī, rēctumguide, steer, rule
at, conj.but
vērē (adv.)truly, really
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
ūllus, -a, -umany
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
corrigō, -rigere, -rēxī, -rēctusstraighten, set right, reform
potius (adv.)rather
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
īnflectō, -ere, -flexī, -flexumbend
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
fingō, fingere, finxī, fictusinvent, make up
enim, conj.for
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
nātūra, -ae, f.nature, character
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
honestās, -ātis f.honor, integrity
gravitās, -ātis f.weight, heaviness; dignity, seriousness
temperantia, -ae f.self-control
magnitūdō, -tūdinis, f.greatness, size
iūstitia, -ae f.justice, fairness
omnis, -eall, every
dēnique, adv.lastly, finally
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
homō, hominis, m.man
excelsus, -a, -umhigh, tall
accēdō, -ere, accessī, accessumcome near, approach; be added
istūc (adv.)to where you are, thither; to that point
doctrīna, -ae f.teaching
moderātus, -a, -umrestrained, moderate; (as noun) restraint
mītis, -emild, gentle (adv. mītissimē: as gently as possible)
paulō, adv.by a little, a little, somewhat
asper, -era, -erumrough, harsh; difficult
dūrus, -a, -umhard; harsh; difficult
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
vēritās, -ātis f.truth
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
quoniam, conj.since now, since
nōsplur. of ego
ōrātiō, -ōnis, f.speech; ōrātiōnem habēre, to deliver an oration, speak
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
imperītus, -a, -uminexperienced, unskilled, ignorant
multitūdō, -tūdinis, f.multitude
aliquī, -qua, -quod, indef. pron. adj.some, any
conventus, -ūs m.meeting, assembly
agrestis, -eof the country, rustic; boorish
audācter (adv.; comp. audācius)boldly
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
hūmānitās, -tātis f.culture, refinement
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
vōsplur. of tū
nōtus, -a, -umknown, well-known, famous
iūcundus, -a, -umsweet, pleasant
disputō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdiscuss, argue
iūdex, iūdicis, m.judge
bonum, -ī n.a good thing, advantage; (pl.) goods
dīvīnus, -a, -umdivine, of the gods
ēgregius, -a, -umoutstanding, excellent
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
proprius, -a, -umone's own, private; characteristic (of)
numquam, adv.never
requīrō, -ere, -quīsīvī, -quīsītuslook for, ask after; need
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
vērum (conj.)but, but in fact; nōn modo ... vērum etiam: not only ... but also
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
ingenium, -ī n.natural ability, talent, cleverness; character
inventum, -ī n.discovery, invention
aemulus, -a, -umrivalling; (as noun) a rival
Stōicus, -a, -umStoic; (m. pl. as noun) the Stoics
nōminō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumname, mention
sententia, -ae, f.opinion; purpose
praeceptum, -ī n.instruction, order
sapiēns, -entiswise; as noun, a wise man, a philosopher
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
dēlictum, -ī n.offence, crime
ignōscō, -ere, ignōvī, ignōtum (+ dat.)pardon, forgive
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
misericors, -cordistender-hearted, compassionate
nisi, conj.if not, unless
stultus, -a, -umfoolish, stupid
levis, -elight, slight
exōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswin over by asking, beg for, obtain by entreaty
plācō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscalm, appease
sōlus, -a, -umalone
sī, conj.if
distortus, -a, -ummisshapen, deformed
fōrmōsus, -a, -umbeautiful
mendīcus, -ī m.beggar
dīves, dīvitis (superl. dītissimus)rich
servitūs, -tūtis, f.slavery, servitude
serviō, -ire, -īvī, -ītusbe subject to, serve
rēx, rēgis, m.king
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
fugitīvus, -ī m.runaway slave, deserter
exsul, -ulis m.exile, banished person
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
īnsānus, -a, -ummad, frantic
peccātum, -ī n.fault, sin
pār, parisequal
scelus, sceleris, n.wickedness, crime
nefārius, -a, -umwicked, criminal
minus, comp. adv.less
dēlinquō, -ere, -līquī, -lictusfail, do wrong, offend
gallus, -ī m.cock, rooster
gallīnāceus, -a, -umof poultry; gallus gallīnāceus: farmyard cock
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
opus, operis, n.work, task
pater, patris, m.father
suffōcō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuschoke, strangle; drown
opīnor, -ārī, -ātus sumthink, suppose; ut opīnor: I imagine
paenitet, -ēre, -uit (impers.)it repents, it grieves (paenitet mē: I regret, I am sorry)
fallō, fallere, fefellī, falsusdeceive
mūtō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuschange
Cicero, Pro Murena. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.