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Cicero · Pro Murena

Pro Murena 11

The petty secrets of the jurists

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Mur. 11.1Summa dignitās est in eīs quī mīlitārī laude antecellunt;The highest dignity belongs to those who excel in military renown; Mur. 11.1omnia enim quae sunt in imperiō et in statū cīvitātis ab hīs dēfendī et firmārī putantur;for everything that belongs to the empire and the constitution of the state is thought to be defended and strengthened by them; Mur. 11.1summa etiam ūtilitās, sī quidem eōrum cōnsiliō et perīculō cum rē pūblicā tum etiam nostrīs rēbus perfruī possumus.the highest usefulness too, since it is through their counsel and danger that we can enjoy both the state and our own property. Mur. 11.1Gravis etiam illa est et plēna dignitātis dīcendī facultās quae saepe valuit in cōnsule dēligendō, posse cōnsiliō atque ōrātiōne et senātūs et populī et eōrum quī rēs iūdicant mentis permovēre.Weighty too and full of dignity is that ability in speaking which has often counted in choosing a consul: the power to move by counsel and speech the minds of the senate, the people and those who sit in judgement. Mur. 11.1Quaeritur cōnsul quī dīcendō nōn numquam comprimat tribūniciōs furōrēs, quī concitātum populum flectat, quī largītiōnī resistat.A consul is sought who may sometimes check by his speaking the frenzies of the tribunes, who may turn an aroused people, who may resist bribery.

Mur. 11.1Nōn mīrum, sī ob hanc facultātem hominēs saepe etiam nōn nōbilēs cōnsulātum cōnsecūtī sunt, praesertim cum haec eadem rēs plūrimās grātiās, firmissimās amīcitiās, maxima studia pariat.No wonder if because of this ability even men not of noble birth have often won the consulship, especially since this same thing produces very many obligations, very firm friendships and the greatest support. Mur. 11.1Quōrum in istō vestrō artificiō, Sulpicī, nihil est.Of these things, Sulpicius, there is nothing in that craft of yours. Mur. 11.25Prīmum dignitās in tam tenuī scientia nōn potest esse;First, there can be no dignity in so slight a science; Mur. 11.25rēs enim sunt parvae, prope in singulīs litterīs atque interpūnctiōnibus verbōrum occupātae.for its matters are small, occupied almost with single letters and the punctuation of words. Mur. 11.25Deinde, etiam sī quid apud maiōrēs nostrōs fuit in istō studiō admīrātiōnis, id ēnūntiātīs vestrīs mystēriīs tōtum est contemptum et abiectum.Secondly, even if in the time of our ancestors there was anything in that pursuit to admire, now that your mysteries have been divulged it has all been despised and cast aside. Mur. 11.25Posset agī lēge necne paucī quondam sciēbant;Whether an action at law could be brought or not was once known to few; Mur. 11.25fāstōs enim volgō nōn habēbant.for people generally did not have the calendar.

Mur. 11.25Erant in magnā potentiā quī cōnsulēbantur;Those who were consulted were very powerful; Mur. 11.25ā quibus etiam diēs tamquam ā Chaldaeīs petēbātur.from them even the days were sought, as if from Chaldaean astrologers. Mur. 11.25Inventus est scrība quīdam, Flāvius, quī cornīcum oculōs cōnfīxerit et singulīs diēbus ēdiscendīs fāstōs populō prōposuerit et ab ipsīs hīs cautīs iūris cōnsultīs eōrum sapientiam compīlārit.A certain clerk was found, Flavius, to pierce the crows' eyes, publish the calendar for the people so that they could learn each day by heart, and plunder their wisdom from these very cautious jurisconsults. Mur. 11.25Itaque īrātī illī, quod sunt veritī nē diērum ratiōne pervolgāta et cognitā sine suā operā lēge agī posset, verba quaedam composuērunt ut omnibus in rēbus ipsī interessent.So they in anger, because they feared that, once the reckoning of days was published and known, actions might be brought without their help, composed certain formulas so that they themselves might take part in every matter.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×4, indirect statement ×1, ablative absolute ×2

Latin vocabulary for this passage (142 words)
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
dignitās, -ātis f.rank, standing, prestige
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
mīlitāris, -emilitary, warlike; rēs mīlitāris, art of war, warfare
laus, laudis f.praise, glory
antecellō, -celleresurpass, excel
omnis, -eall, every
enim, conj.for
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
status, -ūs m.condition, state
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
firmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstrengthen, secure
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
ūtilitās, -ātis f.usefulness, advantage
sī, conj.if
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
cum, prep, with abl.with
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
pūblicus, -a, -umpublic, of the state (rēs pūblica: the state)
tum, adv.then, at that time
noster, -tra, -trumour
perfruor, -fruī, -frūctus sumenjoy to the full (+ abl.)
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
gravis, -eheavy; severe, grievous, serious
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
plēnus, -a, -umfull
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
facultās, -tātis, f.possibility, opportunity, chance, means
saepe, adv.often, frequently
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
cōnsul, -ulis m.consul (one of Rome's two chief magistrates)
dēligō, -ligere, -lēgī, -lēctuschoose out, choose, select
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
ōrātiō, -ōnis, f.speech; ōrātiōnem habēre, to deliver an oration, speak
senātus, -ūs m.senate
populus, -ī m.people, nation
iūdicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumjudge, decide
mēns, mentis f.mind, spirit
permoveō, -ēre, -mōvī, -mōtummove deeply, influence
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
nōn, adv.not
numquam, adv.never
comprimō, -primere, -pressī, -pressuspress together, squeeze, compress
tribūnicius, -a, -umof a tribune; tribūnicia potestās: the tribunes' power
furor, -ōris, m.rage, fury, frenzy, madness
concitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstir up, rouse
flectō, -ere, flexī, flexusbend, turn
largītiō, -ōnis f.lavish giving, bribery
resistō, -sistere, -stitīstand back, resist
mīrus, -a, -umwonderful, strange
ob, prep. with acc.on account of, for; in compounds, to, against
homō, hominis, m.man
nōbilis, -ewell-known, noble
cōnsulātus, -ūs m.consulship
cōnsequor, -sequī, -secūtusfollow up, follow; overtake
praesertim (adv.)especially
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
firmus, -a, -umstrong, steadfast
amīcitia, -ae f.friendship, alliance
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
pariō, -ere, peperī, partusbring forth; win, gain
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
vester, -tra, -trumyour
artificium, -ī n.craft, skill; trade
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
prīmum, adv.first, in the first place
tam, adv.so
tenuis, -ethin
scientia, -ae, f.knowledge, skill
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
prope (adv. and prep. + acc.)near, nearly
singulī, -ae, -aone at a time, single
littera, -ae f.letter (of the alphabet); pl. letter, writing
interpūnctiō, -ōnis f.division (by points) between words, punctuation
verbum, -ī, n.word
occupō, -cupāre, -cupāvī, -cupātusseize; fill
deinde, adv.then, next
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
apud, prep, with acc.among, with
maiōrēs, -um m. pl.ancestors
admīrātiō, -ōnis f.wonder, admiration
ēnūntiō, -nūntiāre, -nūntiāvī, -nūntiātusspeak out, announce, make known
mystērium, -ī n.secret, mystery; a hidden truth revealed to some
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
contemnō, -ere, -tempsī, -temptusdespise, scorn, think little of
abiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow away
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
lēx, lēgis f.law
necne (conj.)or not
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
quondam (adv.)once, formerly, at one time
sciō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusknow
fāstus, -a, -umlawful (of days on which legal business could be done); dies fāstī
vulgō (adv.)everywhere, commonly
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
potentia, -ae f.power, influence
cōnsulō, -ere, -uī, -tusconsult
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
tamquam (adv., conj.)as, just as; as if
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome upon, find
scrība, -ae m.clerk, secretary (public clerks of the treasury)
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
cornīx, -īcis f.crow
oculus, -ī, m.eye
cōnfīgō, -ere, -fīxī, -fīxumfasten together
ēdiscō, -ere, ēdidicīlearn by heart
prōpōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusput or set before, offer, propose; set forth, say
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
cautus, -a, -umcareful, wary, on one's guard
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
cōnsultus, -a, -umskilled, learned (in: gen.)
sapientia, -ae f.wisdom, good sense
compīlō (conpīlō), -āre, -āvī, -ātusplunder, rob
itaque, adv.and so, accordingly, therefore
īrātus, -a, -umangered, enraged, angry, furious
quod, conj.that, in that, because
vereor, -ērī, -itusfear
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
pervulgō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake widely known
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
sine, prep. with abl.without
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
opera, -ae, f.effort, work, labor
compōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput together; mend, set in order
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
intersum, -esse, -fuī, -futūrusbe or lie between
Cicero, Pro Murena. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes I (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.