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In Catilinam 2.13

Peace without bloodshed, under the gods

Cicero, In Catilinam II. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

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2.28Atque haec omnia sīc agentur ut maximae rēs minimō mōtū, perīcula summa nūllō tumultū, bellum intestīnum ac domesticum post hominum memoriam crūdēlissimum et maximum mē ūnō togātō duce et imperātōre sēdētur.

And all this will be done in such a way that the greatest matters, the gravest dangers, and a civil and domestic war, the cruellest and greatest in human memory, will be settled with the least disturbance and no uproar, under myself alone as leader and general in civilian dress.

Note. togātō duce: 'with a leader in the toga', i.e. a civilian. Cicero is proud of putting down a war without taking up arms himself.

2.28Quod ego sīc administrābō, Quirītēs, ut, sī ūllō modō fierī poterit, nē improbus quidem quisquam in hāc urbe poenam suī sceleris sufferat.

I shall manage it so, citizens, that, if it can in any way be done, not even any criminal shall pay the penalty for his crime in this city.

Note. nē … quidem quisquam: 'not even anyone'. Cicero hopes to end the plot without executing anyone; within a month the arrested conspirators would in fact be put to death.

2.28Sed sī vīs manifestae audāciae, sī impendēns patriae perīculum mē necessāriō dē hāc animī lēnitāte dēdūxerit, illud profectō perficiam quod in tantō et tam īnsidiōsō bellō vix optandum vidētur, ut neque bonus quisquam intereat paucōrumque poenā vōs omnēs salvī esse possītis.

But if the violence of open recklessness, if danger hanging over the country forces me away from this mildness of mind, then I will certainly bring about what seems hardly to be hoped for in so great and so treacherous a war: that no loyal man perishes, and that by the punishment of a few you can all be saved.

Note. sī vīs … sī … perīculum: two subjects for dēdūxerit. paucōrum poenā: 'by the punishment of a few'.

2.29Quae quidem ego neque meā prūdentiā neque hūmānīs cōnsiliīs frētus polliceor vōbīs, Quirītēs, sed multīs et nōn dubiīs deōrum immortālium significātiōnibus, quibus ego ducibus in hanc spem sententiamque sum ingressus;

These things I promise you, citizens, relying not on my own wisdom nor on human plans, but on many clear signs from the immortal gods; with them as my guides I have come to this hope and this conviction.

Note. quibus ego ducibus: ablative absolute without a participle, 'with them as my guides'.

2.29quī iam nōn procul, ut quondam solēbant, ab externō hoste atque longinquō, sed hīc praesentēs suō nūmine atque auxiliō sua templa atque urbis tēcta dēfendunt.

They no longer defend their temples and the houses of the city from far off, as they once used to, against a foreign and distant enemy, but here, present, with their divine power and help.

Note. The gods now defend the city not from afar but in person (hīc praesentēs). In the Third Catilinarian Cicero will describe the omens that showed this.

2.29Quōs vōs, Quirītēs, precārī, venerārī, implōrāre dēbētis ut, quam urbem pulcherrimam flōrentissimam potentissimamque esse voluērunt, hanc omnibus hostium cōpiīs terrā marīque superātīs ā perditissimōrum cīvium nefāriō scelere dēfendant.

It is them, citizens, that you must pray to, worship and implore: that this city, which they wished to be the most beautiful, the most prosperous and the most powerful, now that all the forces of its enemies have been defeated on land and sea, they may defend from the wicked crime of utterly abandoned citizens.

Note. The speech ends with a prayer-like appeal. quam urbem … hanc: the relative clause comes first and hanc picks it up, 'this city, which they wished to be …'.

Vocabulary

atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
omnis, -eall, every
sīc, adv.so, thus
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
mōtus, -ūs m.motion, movement; uprising
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
tumultus, -ūs m.uproar, uprising
bellum, -ī, n.war
intestīnus, -a, -uminternal, domestic, civil
domesticus, -a, -umof one's own home, domestic
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
homō, hominis, m.man
memoria, -ae, f.memory
crūdēlis, -ecruel
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
togātus, -a, -umwearing the toga; Gallia togata: Gaul this side of the Alps, whose people had Roman citizenship
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
imperātor, -ōris, m.commander, general
sēdō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussettle, calm, put down
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
administrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātummanage, carry out
Quirītēs, -ium m. pl.Quirites, the Roman citizens in their civil capacity (used in addressing the people)
sī, conj.if
ūllus, -a, -umany
modus, -ī, m.way, manner
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
improbus, -a, -umwicked. in, prep, with acc., into, in, to, upon; with abl., in, on
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
urbs, urbis, f.city
poena, -ae, f.penalty, punishment
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
scelus, sceleris, n.wickedness, crime
sufferō, sufferre, sustulī, sublātusbear, endure; undergo (punishment)
sed, conj.but
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
manifestus, -a, -umplain, clear; caught in the act
audācia, -ae, f.boldness, audacity
impendeō, -ērehang over, overhang
patria, -ae, f.fatherland, country
necessāriō (adv.)of necessity, unavoidably
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
lēnitās, -ātis f.gentleness, slowness
dēdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead down or away, bring; nāvem dēdūcere, to draw down or launch a ship
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
profectō, adv.certainly, surely
perficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusdo or make through, accomplish
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
tam, adv.so
īnsidiōsus, -a, -umtreacherous, full of traps
vix, adv.with difficulty, scarcely, hardly, barely
optō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswish for, desire; pray for
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
bonus, -a, -umgood
intereō, -īre, -iī, -itūrusperish, die
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
que, enclitic conj.and
vōsplur. of tū
salvus, -a, -umsafe, unharmed
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
prūdentia, -ae, f.prudence
hūmānus, -a, -umof man, human
cōnsilium, -ī, n.advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence
frētus, -a, -um (+ abl.)relying on
polliceor, -licērī, -licituspromise
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
nōn, adv.not
dubius, -a, -umdoubtful, uncertain
deus, -ī, m.god
immortālis, -eimmortal
significātiō, -ōnis f.signal
spēs, speī, f.hope
sententia, -ae, f.opinion; purpose
ingredior, -ī, ingressus sumgo into, enter
iam, adv.now, already
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
quondam (adv.)once, formerly, at one time
soleō, -ēre, solitus sumbe accustomed, usually do
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
externus, -a, -umoutside, foreign
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
longinquus, -a, -umdistant, remote
hīc, adv.here; hereupon
praesēns, -sentis, adj.present, immediate, imminent
nūmen, -inis n.divine power, divinity
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
templum, -ī, n.sanctuary, temple
tēctum, -ī n.roof; house
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
precor, -ārī, -ātus sumpray, beg
veneror, -ārī, -ātus sumworship, revere
implōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumbeg for, appeal for
dēbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusowe; with infin., ought
pulcher, pulchra, pulchrumbeautiful
flōrēns, -entisflourishing, prosperous
potēns, -entispowerful
volō, velle, voluīwish
cōpia, -ae, f.supply, abundance; plur., forces, troops
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
mare, maris, n.sea
superō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusovercome, defeat, conquer
perditus, -a, -umabandoned, desperate
cīvis, -is, m. and f.citizen, fellow-citizen, subject
nefārius, -a, -umwicked, criminal
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Cicero, In Catilinam II. Latin text: A. C. Clark, M. Tulli Ciceronis Orationes (Oxford, 1908), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: LatinCy, then every word checked and corrected by hand. Vocabulary: F. Ritchie (1903, public domain) and entries written for this app. English translation, notes and grammar hints: written for this app.