Lectitō › Julius Caesar › Gallic War, Book 8
De Bello Gallico 8.45
Labienus defeats the Treveri
Hirtius, De Bello Gallico VIII. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.
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Read in Lectitō8.45.1Labiēnus interim in Trēverīs equestre proelium facit secundum complūribusque Trēverīs interfectīs et Germānīs, quī nūllīs adversus Rōmānōs auxilia dēnegābant, prīncipēs eōrum vīvōs redigit in suam potestātem atque in hīs Sūrum Aeduum, quī et virtūtis et generis summam nōbilitātem habēbat sōlusque ex Aeduīs ad id tempus permānserat in armīs.
Meanwhile Labienus fought a successful cavalry battle among the Treveri; and after killing many of the Treveri and of the Germans, who refused help to no one against the Romans, he took their leaders alive, among them Surus the Aeduan, a man of the highest distinction both for his courage and for his birth, who alone of the Aedui had remained in arms until then.
Note. in Trēverīs: 'among the Treveri'. quī nūllīs … auxilia dēnegābant: 'who refused help to no one', i.e. who joined every revolt. Surum Aeduum: the Aedui had rejoined Rome after Alesia; Surus was the last holdout.
Vocabulary
| interim (adv.) | meanwhile |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| equester, -tris, -tre | of cavalry |
| proelium, -ī, n. | battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle |
| faciō, facere, fēcī, factus | make, do; iter facere, see iter |
| secundus, -a, -um | following, favorable |
| complūrēs, -plūra, plur. adj. | several, many |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectus | put out of the way, kill |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| nūllus, -a, -um | not any, none, no |
| adversus, -a, -um | facing; unfavourable, unsuccessful |
| Rōmānus, -a, -um | Roman |
| auxilium, -ī, n. | help, aid |
| dēnegō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | refuse |
| prīnceps, -ipis | first, chief; as noun: leader |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| vīvus, -a, -um | alive, living |
| redigō, -ere, redēgī, redāctum | bring back; reduce (to a condition) |
| suus, -a, -um | his, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their |
| potestās, -ātis f. | power, authority |
| atque, ac (conj.) | and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants) |
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| virtūs, -tūtis, f. | manliness, courage, bravery |
| genus, generis, n. | kind, nature |
| summus, -a, -um | uppermost, highest, greatest |
| nōbilitās, -tātis f. | the nobility |
| habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itus | have, hold; consider |
| sōlus, -a, -um | alone |
| ex, ē (prep. + abl.) | out of, from; of (ē only before consonants) |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| tempus, temporis, n. | time, season |
| permaneō, -manēre, -mānsi, -mānsus | remain |
| arma, -ōrum, n. plur. | arms, weapons |