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De Bello Gallico 7.34

Caesar marches on Gergovia

Caesar, De Bello Gallico VII. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

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7.34.1Hōc dēcrētō interpositō cohortātus Aeduōs, ut contrōversiārum ac dissēnsiōnis oblīvīscerentur atque omnibus omissīs hīs rēbus huic bellō servīrent eaque quae meruissent praemia ab sē dēvictā Galliā exspectārent equitātumque omnem et peditum mīlia decem sibi celeriter mitterent, quae in praesidiīs reī frūmentāriae causā dispōneret, exercitum in duās partēs dīvīsit: quattuor legiōnēs in Senonēs Parīsiōsque Labiēnō dūcendās dedit, sex ipse in Arvernōs ad oppidum Gergoviam secundum flūmen Elaver dūxit;

After making this decision, he urged the Aedui to forget their disputes and quarrels and, setting all these things aside, to devote themselves to this war, and to expect from him the rewards they had earned once Gaul was conquered, and to send him quickly all their cavalry and ten thousand infantry, whom he could post in garrisons to secure the grain supply; then he divided the army into two parts: he gave four legions to Labienus to lead against the Senones and Parisii, and he himself led six into the territory of the Arverni towards the town of Gergovia, along the river Elaver;

Note. quae … dispōneret: a relative clause of purpose, 'to post in garrisons'. Labiēnō dūcendās dedit: 'gave to Labienus to lead', a gerundive of purpose with dō.

7.34.2equitātus partem illī attribuit, partem sibi relīquit.

part of the cavalry he assigned to Labienus, part he kept for himself.

7.34.3Quā rē cognitā Vercingetorīx omnibus interruptīs eius flūminis pontibus ab alterā flūminis parte iter facere coepit.

When he learned of this, Vercingetorix broke down all the bridges over that river and began to march along the other bank of the river.

Vocabulary

hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
dēcrētum, -ī n.decision, decree
interpōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput between; bring forward (an excuse)
cohortor, -hortārī, -hortātusencourage, exhort
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
contrōversia, -ae, f.quarrel, dispute, debate
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
dissēnsiō, -ōnis f.disagreement, quarrel
oblīvīscor, -līvīscī, -lītusforget
omnis, -eall, every
omittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missuslet go, neglect, disregard, throw away, lose
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
bellum, -ī, n.war
serviō, -ire, -īvī, -ītusbe subject to, serve
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
que, enclitic conj.and
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
mereō, -ēre, meruī, meritusdeserve, earn
praemium, -ī, n.reward
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
dēvincō, -ere, -vīcī, -victusconquer completely, subdue
exspectō, -spectāre, -spectāvī, -spectātuslook out for, wait for, await, expect; wait
equitātus, -ūs m.cavalry
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
pedes, peditis m.foot soldier
mīlle, indecl. adj.a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands;
decem, indecl. adj.ten
celeriter, adv.swiftly, quickly
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
praesidium, -ī, n.protection; guard, escort
frūmentārius, -a, -umof grain (rēs frūmentāria: grain supply)
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
dispōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumstation here and there, post
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
duo, -ae, -o, plur. adj.two
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
dīvidō, -videre, -vīsī, -vīsusdivide, separate
quattuor, indecl. adj.four
legiō, -ōnis f.legion
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
sex (indecl.)six
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
oppidum, -ī, n.town
secundum (prep. + acc.)after, besides; along
flūmen, -minis, n.river
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
attribuō, -ere, -tribuī, -tribūtumassign, allot
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
interrumpō, -ere, -rūpī, -ruptusbreak down, break apart
pōns, pontis, m.bridge
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
coepī, coepisse, coeptus (used in tenses of completed action)have begun, began
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Caesar, De Bello Gallico VII. Latin text: T. Rice Holmes (Oxford, 1914), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: LatinCy, then every word checked and corrected by hand. Vocabulary: F. Ritchie (1903, public domain) and entries written for this app. English translation, notes and grammar hints: written for this app.