Lectitō › Julius Caesar › Gallic War, Book 6
De Bello Gallico 6.4
The Senones and Carnutes submit
Caesar, De Bello Gallico VI. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.
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Read in Lectitō6.4.1Cognitō eius adventū Accō, quī prīnceps eius cōnsilī fuerat, iubet in oppida multitūdinem convenīre.
When his approach was learned, Acco, who had been the leader of that plot, ordered the people to gather into the towns.
6.4.1Cōnantibus, priusquam id efficī posset, adesse Rōmānōs nūntiātur.
While they were trying to do this, before it could be done, word came that the Romans were there.
Note. Cōnantibus: dative with nūntiātur, 'it was reported to them as they were trying'.
6.4.2Necessāriō sententiā dēsistunt lēgātōsque dēprecandī causā ad Caesarem mittunt: adeunt per Aeduōs, quōrum antīquitus erat in fidē cīvitās.
Of necessity they gave up the plan and sent envoys to Caesar to beg for pardon; they approached him through the Aedui, under whose protection their state had been from of old.
6.4.3Libenter Caesar petentibus Aeduīs dat veniam excūsātiōnemque accipit, quod aestīvum tempus īnstantis bellī, nōn quaestiōnis esse arbitrābātur.
At the request of the Aedui Caesar gladly granted pardon and accepted their excuse, because he thought the summer season was a time for the coming war, not for an inquiry.
Note. īnstantis bellī … esse: genitive of characteristic, 'belonged to the coming war, not to an inquiry'.
6.4.4Obsidibus imperātīs centum hōs Aeduīs custōdiendōs trādit.
He demanded a hundred hostages and handed them over to the Aedui to guard.
6.4.5Eōdem Carnutēs lēgātōs obsidēsque mittunt ūsī dēprecātōribus Rēmīs, quōrum erant in clientēlā: eadem ferunt respōnsa.
The Carnutes sent envoys and hostages to the same place, using as their intercessors the Remi, whose clients they were; they received the same answer.
Note. Eōdem: adverb, 'to the same place'.
6.4.6Peragit concilium Caesar equitēsque imperat cīvitātibus.
Caesar finished the council and ordered the states to supply cavalry.
Vocabulary
| cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitus | find out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| adventus, -ūs, m. | approach, arrival |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| prīnceps, -ipis | first, chief; as noun: leader |
| cōnsilium, -ī, n. | advice; plan, design, purpose; prudence |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussus | bid, order, command |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| oppidum, -ī, n. | town |
| multitūdō, -tūdinis, f. | multitude |
| conveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventus | come together, assemble |
| cōnor, -ārī, -ātus | try, attempt |
| priusquam, conj. | before than, sooner than, before |
| efficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectus | make or work out, accomplish, effect |
| possum, posse, potuī | be able, have power, can |
| adsum, adesse, adfuī | be present, be at hand |
| Rōmānus, -a, -um | Roman |
| nūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | report, announce |
| necessāriō (adv.) | of necessity, unavoidably |
| sententia, -ae, f. | opinion; purpose |
| dēsistō, -sistere, -stitī, -stitus | set down; leave off, desist, cease, stop |
| lēgātus, -ī, m. | ambassador |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| dēprecor, -ārī, -ātus sum | beg to be spared, plead |
| causa, -ae, f. | cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| mittō, mittere, mīsī, missus | send |
| adeō, -īre, -iī, -itus | go to, approach |
| per, prep, with ace. | through, by means of |
| antīquitus (adv.) | long ago, from ancient times |
| fidēs, -eī f. | faith, trust; pledge |
| cīvitās, -tātis, f. | state |
| libenter, adv. | willingly, gladly |
| petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītus | seek, ask; attack |
| dō, dare, dedī, datus | give |
| venia, -ae f. | pardon, forgiveness |
| excūsātiō, -ōnis f. | excuse, plea |
| accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptus | take to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer |
| quod, conj. | that, in that, because |
| aestīvus, -a, -um | of summer, summer- |
| tempus, temporis, n. | time, season |
| īnstō, -āre, -stitī | press on; be at hand |
| bellum, -ī, n. | war |
| nōn, adv. | not |
| quaestiō, -ōnis f. | inquiry, examination |
| arbitror, -ārī, -ātus | consider, think, judge |
| obses, obsidis m./f. | hostage |
| imperō, -perāre, -perāvī, -perātus | command, order, enjoin |
| centum, indecl. adj. | one hundred |
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| custōdiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītus | guard |
| trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditus | give across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report |
| eōdem | to the same place |
| ūtor, ūtī, ūsus | use |
| dēprecātor, -ōris m. | intercessor, go-between |
| clientēla, -ae f. | clientship, protection; pl. dependants, clients |
| īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron. | the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also |
| ferō, ferre, tulī, lātus | bear, bring |
| respōnsum, -ī, n. | reply, answer, response |
| peragō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctum | carry through, complete |
| concilium, -ī n. | meeting, council |
| eques, equitis m. | horseman; (pl.) cavalry |