Lectitō › Julius Caesar › Gallic War, Book 6
De Bello Gallico 6.29
Caesar turns back from Germany
Caesar, De Bello Gallico VI. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.
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Read in Lectitō6.29.1Caesar, postquam per Ubiōs explōrātōrēs comperit Suēbōs sēsē in silvās recēpisse, inopiam frūmentī veritus, quod, ut suprā dēmōnstrāvimus, minimē omnēs Germānī agrīcultūrae student, cōnstituit nōn prōgredī longius;
Caesar learned through Ubian scouts that the Suebi had withdrawn into the forests; fearing a shortage of grain, because, as we have shown above, the Germans pay very little attention to farming, he decided not to advance farther;
6.29.1sed, nē omnīnō metum reditūs suī barbarīs tolleret atque ut eōrum auxilia tardāret, reductō exercitū partem ultimam pontis, quae rīpās Ubiōrum contingēbat, in longitūdinem pedum ducentōrum rescindit atque in extrēmō ponte turrim tabulātōrum quattuor cōnstituit praesidiumque cohortium duodecim pontis tuendī causā pōnit magnīsque eum locum mūnītiōnibus firmat.
but so as not to remove entirely the barbarians' fear of his return, and to delay their reinforcements, after leading his army back he cut down the last part of the bridge, which touched the bank of the Ubii, for a length of two hundred feet; at the end of the bridge he built a tower four stories high, placed a guard of twelve cohorts to protect the bridge, and strengthened the place with large fortifications.
Note. tabulātōrum quattuor: genitive of description, 'of four stories'. This bridge is the second one Caesar built across the Rhine (chapter 9).
6.29.3Eī locō praesidiōque Gāium Volcātium Tullum adulēscentem praefēcit.
He put the young Gaius Volcatius Tullus in command of that place and its garrison.
6.29.4Ipse, cum mātūrēscere frūmenta inciperent, ad bellum Ambiorīgis profectus per Arduennam silvam, quae est tōtīus Galliae maxima atque ab rīpīs Rhēnī fīnibusque Trēverōrum ad Nerviōs pertinet mīlibusque amplius quīngentīs in longitūdinem patet, Lūcium Minucium Basilum cum omnī equitātū praemittit, sī quid celeritāte itineris atque opportūnitāte temporis prōficere possit;
He himself, when the grain was beginning to ripen, set out for the war against Ambiorix through the Ardennes forest, which is the largest in all Gaul and stretches from the banks of the Rhine and the borders of the Treveri to the Nervii over a length of more than five hundred miles; he sent Lucius Minucius Basilus ahead with all the cavalry, in case he could gain any advantage by the speed of his march and the favorable moment;
6.29.5monet, ut ignēs in castrīs fierī prohibeat, nē qua eius adventūs procul significātiō fīat: sēsē cōnfestim subsequī dīcit.
he warned him not to allow fires in the camp, so that there might be no sign of his approach from afar, and said that he would follow immediately.
Vocabulary
| postquam, conj. | later than, after, when |
| per, prep, with ace. | through, by means of |
| explōrātor, -ōris, m. | explorer, scout, spy |
| comperiō, -īre, comperī, compertum | find out, learn |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| silva, -ae, f. | wood, forest |
| recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptus | take or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover |
| inopia, -ae f. | lack, want, scarcity |
| frūmentum, -ī, n. | grain |
| vereor, -ērī, -itus | fear |
| quod, conj. | that, in that, because |
| ut, conj. | as; when; that; ita ut, as |
| suprā, adv. and prep. with acc. | above, before |
| dēmōnstrō, -mōnstrāre, -mōnstrāvī, -mōnstrātus | point out, show; make known |
| minimē, adv. | least, very little; by no means, not at all |
| omnis, -e | all, every |
| agrīcultūra, -ae f. | farming, agriculture |
| studeō, -ēre, -uī | be eager, give attention, apply oneself |
| cōnstituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtus | set together or up; appoint; determine |
| nōn, adv. | not |
| prōgredior, -gredī, -gressus | go forward, advance |
| longē, adv. | far |
| sed, conj. | but |
| nē, adv. | not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest |
| omnīnō, adv. | altogether, wholly, entirely |
| metus, -ūs m. | fear, dread |
| reditus, -ūs, m. | return |
| suus, -a, -um | his, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their |
| barbarus, -a, -um | barbarian |
| tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātus | lift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor |
| atque, ac (conj.) | and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants) |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| auxilium, -ī, n. | help, aid |
| tardō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | slow down, check |
| redūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductus | lead or bring back; restore |
| exercitus, -ūs, m. | army |
| pars, partis, f. | part, side, direction |
| ultimus, -a, -um | farthest, last |
| pōns, pontis, m. | bridge |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| rīpa, -ae, f. | bank |
| contingō, -ere, -tigī, -tāctum | touch, reach |
| longitūdō, -inis f. | length |
| pēs, pedis, m. | foot |
| ducentī, -ae, -a | two hundred |
| rescindō, -ere, -scidī, -scissum | cut down, break down |
| extrēmus, -a, -um | last, extreme, furthest |
| turris, -is f. | tower; siege tower |
| tabulātum, -ī n. | floor, story (of a tower) |
| quattuor, indecl. adj. | four |
| praesidium, -ī, n. | protection; guard, escort |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| cohors, cohortis f. | cohort (a tenth of a legion); company |
| duodecim, indecl. adj. | twelve |
| tueor, -ērī, tuitus sum | watch over, protect, defend |
| causa, -ae, f. | cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of |
| pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positus | place, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on |
| magnus, -a, -um | large, big, great, mighty; loud |
| locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n. | place, situation |
| mūnītiō, -ōnis f. | fortification, defence works |
| firmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | strengthen, secure |
| adulēscēns, -entis, m. | youth, young man |
| praeficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectum | put in charge of |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| cum, conj. | when, while, after; since; although |
| mātūrēscō, -ere, mātūruī | ripen |
| incipiō, -ere, incēpī, inceptum | begin |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| bellum, -ī, n. | war |
| proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sum | set out, depart, march |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| tōtus, -a, -um | all the, the whole or entire |
| ā, ab (prep. + abl.) | away from, from; by (ā only before consonants) |
| fīnis, -is, m. | end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country |
| pertineō, -ēre, -uī | extend, reach; tend toward, concern |
| mīlle, indecl. adj. | a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands; |
| amplius (adv.) | more, further |
| quīngentī, -ae, -a | five hundred |
| pateō, -ēre, -uī | lie open; extend, stretch |
| cum, prep, with abl. | with |
| equitātus, -ūs m. | cavalry |
| praemittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missum | send ahead |
| sī, conj. | if |
| quis, qua, quid, indef. pron. | any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something |
| celeritās, -tātis, f. | swiftness, quickness, speed |
| iter, itineris, n. | a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march |
| opportūnitās, -ātis f. | advantage, favourable feature |
| tempus, temporis, n. | time, season |
| prōficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectum | accomplish, make progress |
| possum, posse, potuī | be able, have power, can |
| moneō, -ēre, -uī, -itus | warn |
| ignis, -is, m. | fire |
| castra, -ōrum, n. plur. | camp |
| fīō, fierī, factus sum | be done or made, become, happen |
| prohibeō, -hibēre, -hibuī, -hibitus | hold back, prevent, hinder |
| adventus, -ūs, m. | approach, arrival |
| procul, adv. | at or from a distance, far |
| significātiō, -ōnis f. | signal |
| cōnfestim (adv.) | at once, immediately |
| subsequor, -ī, -secūtus sum | follow closely |
| dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictus | say, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day |