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De Bello Gallico 6.29

Caesar turns back from Germany

Caesar, De Bello Gallico VI. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

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6.29.1Caesar, postquam per Ubiōs explōrātōrēs comperit Suēbōs sēsē in silvās recēpisse, inopiam frūmentī veritus, quod, ut suprā dēmōnstrāvimus, minimē omnēs Germānī agrīcultūrae student, cōnstituit nōn prōgredī longius;

Caesar learned through Ubian scouts that the Suebi had withdrawn into the forests; fearing a shortage of grain, because, as we have shown above, the Germans pay very little attention to farming, he decided not to advance farther;

6.29.1sed, nē omnīnō metum reditūs suī barbarīs tolleret atque ut eōrum auxilia tardāret, reductō exercitū partem ultimam pontis, quae rīpās Ubiōrum contingēbat, in longitūdinem pedum ducentōrum rescindit atque in extrēmō ponte turrim tabulātōrum quattuor cōnstituit praesidiumque cohortium duodecim pontis tuendī causā pōnit magnīsque eum locum mūnītiōnibus firmat.

but so as not to remove entirely the barbarians' fear of his return, and to delay their reinforcements, after leading his army back he cut down the last part of the bridge, which touched the bank of the Ubii, for a length of two hundred feet; at the end of the bridge he built a tower four stories high, placed a guard of twelve cohorts to protect the bridge, and strengthened the place with large fortifications.

Note. tabulātōrum quattuor: genitive of description, 'of four stories'. This bridge is the second one Caesar built across the Rhine (chapter 9).

6.29.3Eī locō praesidiōque Gāium Volcātium Tullum adulēscentem praefēcit.

He put the young Gaius Volcatius Tullus in command of that place and its garrison.

6.29.4Ipse, cum mātūrēscere frūmenta inciperent, ad bellum Ambiorīgis profectus per Arduennam silvam, quae est tōtīus Galliae maxima atque ab rīpīs Rhēnī fīnibusque Trēverōrum ad Nerviōs pertinet mīlibusque amplius quīngentīs in longitūdinem patet, Lūcium Minucium Basilum cum omnī equitātū praemittit, sī quid celeritāte itineris atque opportūnitāte temporis prōficere possit;

He himself, when the grain was beginning to ripen, set out for the war against Ambiorix through the Ardennes forest, which is the largest in all Gaul and stretches from the banks of the Rhine and the borders of the Treveri to the Nervii over a length of more than five hundred miles; he sent Lucius Minucius Basilus ahead with all the cavalry, in case he could gain any advantage by the speed of his march and the favorable moment;

6.29.5monet, ut ignēs in castrīs fierī prohibeat, nē qua eius adventūs procul significātiō fīat: sēsē cōnfestim subsequī dīcit.

he warned him not to allow fires in the camp, so that there might be no sign of his approach from afar, and said that he would follow immediately.

Vocabulary

postquam, conj.later than, after, when
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
explōrātor, -ōris, m.explorer, scout, spy
comperiō, -īre, comperī, compertumfind out, learn
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
silva, -ae, f.wood, forest
recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover
inopia, -ae f.lack, want, scarcity
frūmentum, -ī, n.grain
vereor, -ērī, -itusfear
quod, conj.that, in that, because
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
suprā, adv. and prep. with acc.above, before
dēmōnstrō, -mōnstrāre, -mōnstrāvī, -mōnstrātuspoint out, show; make known
minimē, adv.least, very little; by no means, not at all
omnis, -eall, every
agrīcultūra, -ae f.farming, agriculture
studeō, -ēre, -uībe eager, give attention, apply oneself
cōnstituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtusset together or up; appoint; determine
nōn, adv.not
prōgredior, -gredī, -gressusgo forward, advance
longē, adv.far
sed, conj.but
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
omnīnō, adv.altogether, wholly, entirely
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
reditus, -ūs, m.return
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
barbarus, -a, -umbarbarian
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātuslift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
tardō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumslow down, check
redūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead or bring back; restore
exercitus, -ūs, m.army
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
ultimus, -a, -umfarthest, last
pōns, pontis, m.bridge
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
rīpa, -ae, f.bank
contingō, -ere, -tigī, -tāctumtouch, reach
longitūdō, -inis f.length
pēs, pedis, m.foot
ducentī, -ae, -atwo hundred
rescindō, -ere, -scidī, -scissumcut down, break down
extrēmus, -a, -umlast, extreme, furthest
turris, -is f.tower; siege tower
tabulātum, -ī n.floor, story (of a tower)
quattuor, indecl. adj.four
praesidium, -ī, n.protection; guard, escort
que, enclitic conj.and
cohors, cohortis f.cohort (a tenth of a legion); company
duodecim, indecl. adj.twelve
tueor, -ērī, tuitus sumwatch over, protect, defend
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
mūnītiō, -ōnis f.fortification, defence works
firmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstrengthen, secure
adulēscēns, -entis, m.youth, young man
praeficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectumput in charge of
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
mātūrēscō, -ere, mātūruīripen
incipiō, -ere, incēpī, inceptumbegin
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
bellum, -ī, n.war
proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sumset out, depart, march
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
fīnis, -is, m.end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country
pertineō, -ēre, -uīextend, reach; tend toward, concern
mīlle, indecl. adj.a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands;
amplius (adv.)more, further
quīngentī, -ae, -afive hundred
pateō, -ēre, -uīlie open; extend, stretch
cum, prep, with abl.with
equitātus, -ūs m.cavalry
praemittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumsend ahead
sī, conj.if
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
celeritās, -tātis, f.swiftness, quickness, speed
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
opportūnitās, -ātis f.advantage, favourable feature
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
prōficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectumaccomplish, make progress
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
moneō, -ēre, -uī, -ituswarn
ignis, -is, m.fire
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
prohibeō, -hibēre, -hibuī, -hibitushold back, prevent, hinder
adventus, -ūs, m.approach, arrival
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
significātiō, -ōnis f.signal
cōnfestim (adv.)at once, immediately
subsequor, -ī, -secūtus sumfollow closely
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
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Caesar, De Bello Gallico VI. Latin text: T. Rice Holmes (Oxford, 1914), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: LatinCy, then every word checked and corrected by hand. Vocabulary: F. Ritchie (1903, public domain) and entries written for this app. English translation, notes and grammar hints: written for this app.