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De Bello Gallico 6.25

The Hercynian forest

Caesar, De Bello Gallico VI. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

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6.25.1Huius Hercyniae silvae, quae suprā dēmōnstrāta est, lātitūdō novem diērum iter expedītō patet: nōn enim aliter fīnīrī potest, neque mēnsūrās itinerum nōvērunt.

The breadth of this Hercynian forest, mentioned above, is a nine days' journey for a man traveling light; for it cannot be measured in any other way, and they do not know measures of distance.

Note. expedītō: dative, 'for an unencumbered traveler'. nōvērunt: perfect of nōscō with present meaning, 'they know'.

6.25.2Oritur ab Helvētiōrum et Nemetum et Rauracōrum fīnibus rēctāque flūminis Dānubī regiōne pertinet ad fīnēs Dācōrum et Anartium;

It begins at the borders of the Helvetii, the Nemetes and the Rauraci and runs straight along the line of the river Danube to the borders of the Daci and the Anartes;

6.25.3hinc sē flectit sinistrōrsus dīversīs ab flūmine regiōnibus multārumque gentium fīnēs propter magnitūdinem adtingit;

from there it turns to the left through regions away from the river, and because of its size it touches the borders of many peoples;

6.25.4neque quisquam est huius Germāniae, quī sē aut adīsse ad initium eius silvae dīcat, cum diērum iter LX prōcesserit, aut, quō ex locō oriātur, accēperit.

and there is no one in this part of Germany who says either that he has reached the beginning of the forest, though he has traveled for sixty days, or that he has heard where it begins.

Note. cum … prōcesserit: concessive, 'although he has gone on'.

6.25.5Multaque in eā genera ferārum nāscī cōnstat, quae reliquīs in locīs vīsa nōn sint;

It is well known that many kinds of wild animals are bred in it which have not been seen in other places;

6.25.5ex quibus quae maximē differant ab cēterīs et memoriae prōdenda videantur haec sunt.

those of them which differ most from the rest and seem worth recording are these.

Vocabulary

hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
Hercynius, -a, -umHercynian (Hercynia silva: the great forest of central Germany)
silva, -ae, f.wood, forest
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
suprā, adv. and prep. with acc.above, before
dēmōnstrō, -mōnstrāre, -mōnstrāvī, -mōnstrātuspoint out, show; make known
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
lātitūdō, -inis f.width, breadth
novem, indecl. adj.nine
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
expedītus, -a, -umunobstructed, easy; lightly equipped
pateō, -ēre, -uīlie open; extend, stretch
nōn, adv.not
enim, conj.for
aliter, adv.in another way, otherwise, differently
fīniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusbound, limit; end
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
mēnsūra, -ae f.measurement, measure
nōscō, -ere, nōvī, nōtumget to know (perf. nōvī: know)
orior, -īrī, -tusarise, come forth, spring up; ortā lūce, at dawn
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
fīnis, -is, m.end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country
rēctus, -a, -umdirect, straight
que, enclitic conj.and
flūmen, -minis, n.river
regiō, -ōnis, f.direction; country, region
pertineō, -ēre, -uīextend, reach; tend toward, concern
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
hinc, adv.from this place, hence
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
flectō, -ere, flexī, flexusbend, turn
sinistrōrsus (adv.)to the left
dīversus, -a, -umturned different ways, opposite, contrary, different
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
gēns, gentis, f.race, nation
propter, prep. with acc.on account of, because of
magnitūdō, -tūdinis, f.greatness, size
attingō, -tingere, -tigī, -tāctustouch at
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
adeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo to, approach
initium, -ī, n.beginning
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
Roman numerala number written with letters: I 1, V 5, X 10, L 50, C 100, D 500, M 1000
prōcēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumgo forward, advance
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
genus, generis, n.kind, nature
fera, -ae, f.wild animal, beast
nāscor, -ī, nātus sumbe born; rise, begin
cōnstō, -stāre, -stitī, -stātūrusstand together, agree; consist;
reliquus, -a, -umleft, the remaining, the other, the rest of
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
maximē, adv.very greatly, exceedingly, especially
differō, differre, distulī, dīlātumdiffer; scatter, put off
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
memoria, -ae, f.memory
prōdō, -ere, -didī, -ditumhand down; betray
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Caesar, De Bello Gallico VI. Latin text: T. Rice Holmes (Oxford, 1914), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: LatinCy, then every word checked and corrected by hand. Vocabulary: F. Ritchie (1903, public domain) and entries written for this app. English translation, notes and grammar hints: written for this app.