Lectitō › Julius Caesar › Gallic War, Book 6
De Bello Gallico 6.25
The Hercynian forest
Caesar, De Bello Gallico VI. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.
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Read in Lectitō6.25.1Huius Hercyniae silvae, quae suprā dēmōnstrāta est, lātitūdō novem diērum iter expedītō patet: nōn enim aliter fīnīrī potest, neque mēnsūrās itinerum nōvērunt.
The breadth of this Hercynian forest, mentioned above, is a nine days' journey for a man traveling light; for it cannot be measured in any other way, and they do not know measures of distance.
Note. expedītō: dative, 'for an unencumbered traveler'. nōvērunt: perfect of nōscō with present meaning, 'they know'.
6.25.2Oritur ab Helvētiōrum et Nemetum et Rauracōrum fīnibus rēctāque flūminis Dānubī regiōne pertinet ad fīnēs Dācōrum et Anartium;
It begins at the borders of the Helvetii, the Nemetes and the Rauraci and runs straight along the line of the river Danube to the borders of the Daci and the Anartes;
6.25.3hinc sē flectit sinistrōrsus dīversīs ab flūmine regiōnibus multārumque gentium fīnēs propter magnitūdinem adtingit;
from there it turns to the left through regions away from the river, and because of its size it touches the borders of many peoples;
6.25.4neque quisquam est huius Germāniae, quī sē aut adīsse ad initium eius silvae dīcat, cum diērum iter LX prōcesserit, aut, quō ex locō oriātur, accēperit.
and there is no one in this part of Germany who says either that he has reached the beginning of the forest, though he has traveled for sixty days, or that he has heard where it begins.
Note. cum … prōcesserit: concessive, 'although he has gone on'.
6.25.5Multaque in eā genera ferārum nāscī cōnstat, quae reliquīs in locīs vīsa nōn sint;
It is well known that many kinds of wild animals are bred in it which have not been seen in other places;
6.25.5ex quibus quae maximē differant ab cēterīs et memoriae prōdenda videantur haec sunt.
those of them which differ most from the rest and seem worth recording are these.
Vocabulary
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| Hercynius, -a, -um | Hercynian (Hercynia silva: the great forest of central Germany) |
| silva, -ae, f. | wood, forest |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| suprā, adv. and prep. with acc. | above, before |
| dēmōnstrō, -mōnstrāre, -mōnstrāvī, -mōnstrātus | point out, show; make known |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| lātitūdō, -inis f. | width, breadth |
| novem, indecl. adj. | nine |
| diēs, -ēī, m. and f. | day |
| iter, itineris, n. | a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march |
| expedītus, -a, -um | unobstructed, easy; lightly equipped |
| pateō, -ēre, -uī | lie open; extend, stretch |
| nōn, adv. | not |
| enim, conj. | for |
| aliter, adv. | in another way, otherwise, differently |
| fīniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītus | bound, limit; end |
| possum, posse, potuī | be able, have power, can |
| neque or nec, conj. | and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not |
| mēnsūra, -ae f. | measurement, measure |
| nōscō, -ere, nōvī, nōtum | get to know (perf. nōvī: know) |
| orior, -īrī, -tus | arise, come forth, spring up; ortā lūce, at dawn |
| ā, ab (prep. + abl.) | away from, from; by (ā only before consonants) |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| fīnis, -is, m. | end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country |
| rēctus, -a, -um | direct, straight |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| flūmen, -minis, n. | river |
| regiō, -ōnis, f. | direction; country, region |
| pertineō, -ēre, -uī | extend, reach; tend toward, concern |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| hinc, adv. | from this place, hence |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| flectō, -ere, flexī, flexus | bend, turn |
| sinistrōrsus (adv.) | to the left |
| dīversus, -a, -um | turned different ways, opposite, contrary, different |
| multus, -a, -um | much, great; plur., many |
| gēns, gentis, f. | race, nation |
| propter, prep. with acc. | on account of, because of |
| magnitūdō, -tūdinis, f. | greatness, size |
| attingō, -tingere, -tigī, -tāctus | touch at |
| quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron. | any one, anything |
| aut, conj. | or; aut ... aut, either ... or |
| adeō, -īre, -iī, -itus | go to, approach |
| initium, -ī, n. | beginning |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictus | say, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day |
| cum, conj. | when, while, after; since; although |
| Roman numeral | a number written with letters: I 1, V 5, X 10, L 50, C 100, D 500, M 1000 |
| prōcēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum | go forward, advance |
| quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj. | what? |
| ex, ē (prep. + abl.) | out of, from; of (ē only before consonants) |
| locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n. | place, situation |
| accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptus | take to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| genus, generis, n. | kind, nature |
| fera, -ae, f. | wild animal, beast |
| nāscor, -ī, nātus sum | be born; rise, begin |
| cōnstō, -stāre, -stitī, -stātūrus | stand together, agree; consist; |
| reliquus, -a, -um | left, the remaining, the other, the rest of |
| videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus | see; pass., seem |
| maximē, adv. | very greatly, exceedingly, especially |
| differō, differre, distulī, dīlātum | differ; scatter, put off |
| cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj. | the other, the remaining, the rest of |
| memoria, -ae, f. | memory |
| prōdō, -ere, -didī, -ditum | hand down; betray |