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De Bello Gallico 5.41

The Nervii try Ambiorix's trick

Caesar, De Bello Gallico V. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

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5.41.1Tunc ducēs prīncipēsque Nerviōrum quī aliquem sermōnis aditum causamque amīcitiae cum Cicerōne habēbant colloquī sēsē velle dīcunt.

Then the leaders and chiefs of the Nervii who had some ground for speech and friendship with Cicero say they wish to talk with him.

5.41.2Factā potestāte eadem quae Ambiorīx cum Titūriō ēgerat commemorant: omnem esse in armīs Galliam;

When leave had been given, they recount the same things that Ambiorix had put to Titurius: all Gaul was in arms;

5.41.3Germānōs Rhēnum trānsīsse;

the Germans had crossed the Rhine;

5.41.3Caesaris reliquōrumque hīberna oppugnārī.

the winter camps of Caesar and the others were under attack.

5.41.4Addunt etiam dē Sabīnī morte: Ambiorīgem ostentant fideī faciendae causā.

They add the news of Sabinus' death too: they point to Ambiorix to make themselves believed.

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5.41.5Errāre eōs dīcunt, sī quidquam ab hīs praesidī spērent, quī suīs rēbus diffīdant;

They say the Romans are mistaken if they hope for any help from those who are in despair about their own position;

5.41.5sēsē tamen hōc esse in Cicerōnem populumque Rōmānum animō, ut nihil nisi hīberna recūsent atque hanc inveterāscere cōnsuētūdinem nōlint: licēre illīs incolumibus per sē ex hībernīs discēdere et quāscumque in partēs velint sine metū proficīscī.

they themselves, however, felt such goodwill toward Cicero and the Roman people that they objected to nothing except the winter camps and did not want this practice to become settled: the Romans were free to leave the winter camps unharmed as far as they were concerned and to set out without fear in whatever direction they wished.

Note. per sē: 'as far as they were concerned'. quāscumque in partēs: 'in whatever direction'.

5.41.7Cicerō ad haec ūnum modo respondit: nōn esse cōnsuētūdinem populī Rōmānī accipere ab hoste armātō condiciōnem: sī ab armīs discēdere velint, sē adiūtōre ūtantur lēgātōsque ad Caesarem mittant;

To this Cicero made only one answer: it was not the custom of the Roman people to accept terms from an armed enemy: if they were willing to lay down their arms, they should use him as their helper and send envoys to Caesar;

5.41.8spērāre prō eius iūstitiā, quae petierint, impetrātūrōs.

he hoped that, in keeping with his justice, they would obtain what they asked.

Note. petierint: perfect subjunctive in indirect speech. impetrātūrōs: future infinitive with esse understood.

Vocabulary

tunc (adv.)then, at that time
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
prīnceps, -ipisfirst, chief; as noun: leader
que, enclitic conj.and
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
aliquis, -quid, indef. pron.someone, any one, something, anything, some, any
sermō, -ōnis, m.conversation, talk, speech
aditus, -ūs, m.approach, entrance
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
amīcitia, -ae f.friendship, alliance
cum, prep, with abl.with
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
colloquor (conloquor), -ī, -locūtus sumtalk with, confer
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
volō, velle, voluīwish
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
potestās, -ātis f.power, authority
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
commemorō, -āre, -āvī, -ātummention, recount
omnis, -eall, every
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
trānseō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo across or over, cross
reliquus, -a, -umleft, the remaining, the other, the rest of
hīberna, -ōrum n. pl.winter quarters
oppugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumattack, besiege
addō, -ere, -didī, -ditusadd, put to
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
mors, mortīs, f.death
ostentō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusshow, display; show off
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
errō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuswander, stray; be mistaken
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
sī, conj.if
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
praesidium, -ī, n.protection; guard, escort
spērō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushope
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
diffīdō, -ere, -fīsus sumdistrust, lose confidence in (+ dat.)
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
populus, -ī m.people, nation
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
nisi, conj.if not, unless
recūsō, -cūsāre, -cūsāvī, -cūsātusgive a reason against, refuse
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
inveterāscō, -ere, -āvībecome established, settle in
cōnsuētūdō, -inis f.custom, habit; way of life
nōlō, nōlle, nōluīnot wish, be unwilling
licet, -ēre, -uit or -itum est, impers.is lawful or permitted
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
incolumis, -eunhurt, safe
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
discēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo apart, withdraw, depart
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
quīcumque, quaecumque, quodcumquewhoever, whatever
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
sine, prep. with abl.without
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sumset out, depart, march
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
modo, adv.only
respondeō, -spondēre, -spondī, -spōnsusreply, answer
nōn, adv.not
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
armō, -āre, -āvi, -ātusarm, equip
condiciō, -ōnis f.terms; condition, status
adiūtor, -ōris m.helper, assistant
ūtor, ūtī, ūsususe
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
iūstitia, -ae f.justice, fairness
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
impetrō, -petrāre, -petrāvī, -petrātusgain one's end, obtain (a request)
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Caesar, De Bello Gallico V. Latin text: T. Rice Holmes (Oxford, 1914), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: LatinCy, then every word checked and corrected by hand. Vocabulary: F. Ritchie (1903, public domain) and entries written for this app. English translation, notes and grammar hints: written for this app.