Lectitō › Julius Caesar › Gallic War, Book 5
De Bello Gallico 5.2
The fleet is ready; march against the Treveri
Caesar, De Bello Gallico V. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.
Tap any word for its meaning and grammar, save words to review, and track your reading.
Read in Lectitō5.2.1Hīs cōnfectīs rēbus conventibusque perāctīs, in citeriōrem Galliam revertitur atque inde ad exercitum proficīscitur.
When these matters had been settled and the assemblies finished, he returned to Nearer Gaul and set out from there to the army.
5.2.2Eō cum vēnisset, circumitīs omnibus hībernīs, singulārī mīlitum studiō in summā omnium rērum inopiā circiter sescentās eius generis cuius suprā dēmōnstrāvimus nāvēs et longās XXVIII invēnit īnstrūctās neque multum abesse ab eō quīn paucīs diēbus dēdūcī possint.
When he had come there and gone round all the winter camps, he found that, through the extraordinary zeal of the soldiers and in spite of the greatest shortage of everything, about six hundred ships of the kind we described above and twenty-eight warships had been fitted out, and that they were not far from being able to be launched within a few days.
Note. neque multum abesse ab eō quīn … possint: 'and that they were not far from being able …'; quīn with the subjunctive after a negative expression of hindering or distance.
5.2.3Collaudātīs mīlitibus atque eīs quī negōtiō praefuerant, quid fierī velit ostendit atque omnēs ad portum Itium convenīre iubet, quō ex portū commodissimum in Britanniam trāiectum esse cognōverat, circiter mīlium passuum XXX trānsmissum ā continentī: huic reī quod satis esse vīsum est mīlitum relīquit;
Having warmly praised the soldiers and those who had been in charge of the work, he showed what he wanted done and ordered them all to assemble at Portus Itius, from which harbour he had learned the crossing to Britain was most convenient, a passage of about thirty miles from the continent; he left as many soldiers for this task as seemed enough;
Note. quō ex portū: the antecedent portum Itium is repeated inside the relative clause, as Caesar often does. Portus Itius was probably at or near Boulogne.
5.2.4ipse cum legiōnibus expedītīs IIII et equitibus DCCC in fīnēs Trēverōrum proficīscitur, quod hī neque ad concilia veniēbant neque imperiō pārēbant Germānōsque Trānsrhēnānōs sollicitāre dīcēbantur.
he himself set out with four legions in light order and eight hundred cavalry into the territory of the Treveri, because they were neither coming to the councils nor obeying his command, and were said to be stirring up the Germans across the Rhine.
Note. Germānōsque Trānsrhēnānōs sollicitāre dīcēbantur: personal construction with dīcor, 'they were said to be stirring up'.
Vocabulary
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| cōnficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectus | make or do completely, complete, finish, accomplish, make; wear out |
| rēs, reī, f. | thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really |
| conventus, -ūs m. | meeting, assembly |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| peragō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctum | carry through, complete |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| citerior, -ius, adj. | on this side, hither |
| revertor, -vertī, -versus, perf. act. -vertī | turn back, return |
| atque, ac (conj.) | and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants) |
| inde (adv.) | from there; then |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| exercitus, -ūs, m. | army |
| proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sum | set out, depart, march |
| eō (adv.) | to that place, thither; to that point (usque eō); (with comparatives) by so much, all the (more) |
| cum, conj. | when, while, after; since; although |
| veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventus | come |
| circumeō, -īre, -iī, -itum | go around |
| omnis, -e | all, every |
| hīberna, -ōrum n. pl. | winter quarters |
| singulāris, -e | single; remarkable |
| mīles, mīlitis, m. | soldier |
| studium, -ī, n. | eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit |
| summus, -a, -um | uppermost, highest, greatest |
| inopia, -ae f. | lack, want, scarcity |
| circiter, prep. with acc. and adv. | about |
| sescentī, -ae, -a | six hundred |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| genus, generis, n. | kind, nature |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| suprā, adv. and prep. with acc. | above, before |
| dēmōnstrō, -mōnstrāre, -mōnstrāvī, -mōnstrātus | point out, show; make known |
| nāvis, -is, f. | ship |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| longus, -a, -um | long; tedious |
| Roman numeral | a number written with letters: I 1, V 5, X 10, L 50, C 100, D 500, M 1000 |
| inveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventus | come upon, find |
| īnstruo, -struere, -strūxī, -strūctus | build in or into; draw up; equip, furnish, |
| neque or nec, conj. | and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not |
| multum, -ī, n. | much |
| absum, abesse, āfuī, āfutūrus | be away, be absent, be distant; be wanting |
| ā, ab (prep. + abl.) | away from, from; by (ā only before consonants) |
| quīn, conj. | so that ... not, but that, but |
| paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj. | few |
| diēs, -ēī, m. and f. | day |
| dēdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductus | lead down or away, bring; nāvem dēdūcere, to draw down or launch a ship |
| possum, posse, potuī | be able, have power, can |
| collaudō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | praise warmly |
| negōtium, -ī, n. | business, matter; task, trouble, difficulty |
| praesum, -esse, -fuī | be before, preside over, have charge of, command |
| quis, quid, interrog. pron. | who? which? what? |
| fīō, fierī, factus sum | be done or made, become, happen |
| volō, velle, voluī | wish |
| ostendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentus | stretch out before, show, explain |
| portus, -ūs, m. | harbor, haven, port |
| conveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventus | come together, assemble |
| iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussus | bid, order, command |
| ex, ē (prep. + abl.) | out of, from; of (ē only before consonants) |
| commodus, -a, -um | convenient, suitable |
| trāiectus, -ūs, m. | crossing over, passage |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitus | find out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know |
| mīlle, indecl. adj. | a thousand; mīlia, -ium, n. plur., thousands; |
| passus, -ūs, m. | pace (mīlia passuum: miles) |
| trānsmissus, -ūs m. | crossing, passage |
| continēns, -entis, f. | 'mainland, continent |
| satis, adv. | enough, sufficiently |
| videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus | see; pass., seem |
| relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictus | leave behind, leave |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| cum, prep, with abl. | with |
| legiō, -ōnis f. | legion |
| expedītus, -a, -um | unobstructed, easy; lightly equipped |
| eques, equitis m. | horseman; (pl.) cavalry |
| fīnis, -is, m. | end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country |
| quod, conj. | that, in that, because |
| concilium, -ī n. | meeting, council |
| imperium, -ī, n. | command; sway, rule |
| pāreō, -ēre, -uī | obey |
| trānsrhēnānus, -a, -um | living across the Rhine; as noun: a German from beyond the Rhine |
| sollicitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | stir up, tempt |
| dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictus | say, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day |