LectitōOpen the reader

Lectitō › Julius Caesar › Gallic War, Book 3

De Bello Gallico 3.22

Adiatunnus and his sworn men

Caesar, De Bello Gallico III. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

Tap any word for its meaning and grammar, save words to review, and track your reading.

Read in Lectitō

3.22.1Atque in eam rem omnium nostrōrum intentīs animīs aliā ex parte oppidī Adiatunnus, quī summam imperiī tenēbat, cum DC dēvōtīs, quōs illī soldūriōs appellant, quōrum haec est condiciō, ut omnibus in vītā commodīs ūnā cum iīs fruantur quōrum sē amīcitiae dēdiderint, sī quid hīs per vim accidat, aut eundem cāsum ūnā ferant aut sibi mortem cōnscīscant;

And while all our men's attention was fixed on this, from another part of the town Adiatunnus, who held supreme command, with six hundred devoted followers whom they call soldurii — their rule is that they share all the comforts of life with those to whose friendship they have pledged themselves, and if anything violent happens to these, they either suffer the same fate with them or take their own lives;

Note. The sentence breaks off after the description of the soldurii (an anacoluthon); Caesar picks it up again with cum hīs Adiatunnus in the next sentence.

3.22.3neque adhūc hominum memoriā repertus est quisquam quī, eō interfectō cuius sē amīcitiae dēvōvisset, mortem recūsāret— cum hīs Adiatunnus ēruptiōnem facere cōnātus clāmōre ab eā parte mūnītiōnis sublātō cum ad arma mīlitēs concurrissent vehementerque ibi pugnātum esset, repulsus in oppidum tamen utī eādem dēditiōnis condiciōne ūterētur ā Crassō impetrāvit.

and within human memory no one has yet been found who, when the man to whose friendship he had sworn himself was killed, refused to die — with these Adiatunnus tried to make a sally; but a shout went up on that side of the fortifications, the soldiers ran to arms, and there was fierce fighting there; he was driven back into the town, yet he obtained from Crassus the same terms of surrender.

Vocabulary

atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
omnis, -eall, every
noster, -tra, -trumour
intendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch out; stretch, draw, aim
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
oppidum, -ī, n.town
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
summa, -ae f.total, sum; supreme command
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
cum, prep, with abl.with
Roman numerala number written with letters: I 1, V 5, X 10, L 50, C 100, D 500, M 1000
dēvōtus, -a, -umdevoted, sworn to someone's service
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
soldūriī, -ōrum m. pl.sworn retainers (Gallic word)
appellō, -pellāre, -pellāvī, -pellātuscall, name
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
condiciō, -ōnis f.terms; condition, status
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
vīta, -ae, f.life
commodum, -ī n.advantage, interest
ūnātogether, along
fruor, -ī, frūctus sum (+ abl.)enjoy
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
amīcitia, -ae f.friendship, alliance
dēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive away or up
sī, conj.if
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
accidō, -cidere, -cidīfall to or upon; befall, happen
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
cāsus, -ūs, m.fall; chance, accident
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
mors, mortīs, f.death
cōnscīscō, -ere, -scīvī, -scītuminflict (mortem sibi cōnscīscere: kill oneself)
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
adhūc, adv.to this point, up to this time, yet, still
homō, hominis, m.man
memoria, -ae, f.memory
reperiō, reperīre, repperī, repertusfind, discover
quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron.any one, anything
interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusput out of the way, kill
dēvoveō, -ēre, -vōvī, -vōtumvow, devote
recūsō, -cūsāre, -cūsāvī, -cūsātusgive a reason against, refuse
ēruptiō, -ōnis f.sally, sortie
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
cōnor, -ārī, -ātustry, attempt
clāmor, -ōris, m.shout, cry
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
mūnītiō, -ōnis f.fortification, defence works
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātuslift, raise; take away, remove; ancorās tollere, to weigh anchor
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
concurrō, -currere, -currī, -cursusrun, rush, or dash together
vehementer, adv.violently, vehemently; earnestly; exceedingly, greatly
que, enclitic conj.and
ibi, adv.in that place, there
pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusfight
repellō, repellere, reppulī, repulsusdrive back or away, repulse, repel
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
dēditiō, -ōnis f.surrender
ūtor, ūtī, ūsususe
impetrō, -petrāre, -petrāvī, -petrātusgain one's end, obtain (a request)
Advertisement
Caesar, De Bello Gallico III. Latin text: T. Rice Holmes (Oxford, 1914), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: LatinCy, then every word checked and corrected by hand. Vocabulary: F. Ritchie (1903, public domain) and entries written for this app. English translation, notes and grammar hints: written for this app.