Lectitō › Julius Caesar › Gallic War, Book 2
De Bello Gallico 2.35
Envoys and a thanksgiving
Caesar, De Bello Gallico II. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.
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Read in Lectitō2.35.1Hīs rēbus gestīs omnī Galliā pācātā, tanta huius bellī ad barbarōs opīniō perlāta est utī ab iīs nātiōnibus quae trāns Rhēnum incolerent lēgātiōnēs ad Caesarem mitterentur, quae sē obsidēs datūrās, imperāta factūrās pollicērentur.
When these things were done and all Gaul was at peace, so great a report of this war reached the barbarians that envoys were sent to Caesar by the nations living across the Rhine, promising to give hostages and do what they were ordered.
Note. obsidēs datūrās, imperāta factūrās: future participles in indirect statement (esse left out), feminine because they agree with lēgātiōnēs.
2.35.2Quās lēgātiōnēs Caesar, quod in Ītaliam Illyricumque properābat, initā proximā aestāte ad sē revertī iussit.
Because Caesar was hurrying to Italy and Illyricum, he ordered these embassies to come back to him at the beginning of the next summer.
2.35.3Ipse in Carnutēs, Andēs, Turonōs quaeque cīvitātēs propinquae iīs locīs erant ubi bellum gesserat, legiōnibus in hīberna dēductīs, in Ītaliam profectus est.
He himself led the legions into winter quarters among the Carnutes, Andes, Turoni and the states that were near the places where he had waged war, and set out for Italy.
2.35.4Ob eāsque rēs ex litterīs Caesaris diērum XV supplicātiō dēcrēta est, quod ante id tempus accidit nūllī.
For these achievements, after Caesar's dispatches, a thanksgiving of fifteen days was decreed, which had never happened to anyone before that time.
Note. quod … accidit nūllī: 'which had happened to no one before'. A thanksgiving of fifteen days was a record.
Vocabulary
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| rēs, reī, f. | thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really |
| gerō, gerere, gessī, gestus | carry, wear; carry on, do |
| omnis, -e | all, every |
| pācō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | subdue, pacify |
| tantus, -a, -um | so great or much |
| bellum, -ī, n. | war |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| barbarus, -a, -um | barbarian |
| opīniō, -ōnis, f. | opinion, expectation; reputation |
| perferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātus | bear through, bear, endure; weather |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| ut, conj. | as; when; that; ita ut, as |
| ā, ab (prep. + abl.) | away from, from; by (ā only before consonants) |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| nātiō, -ōnis f. | people, nation; birth |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| trāns, prep. with acc. | across, over |
| incolō, -colere, -coluī | inhabit |
| lēgātiō, -ōnis f. | embassy, mission |
| mittō, mittere, mīsī, missus | send |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| obses, obsidis m./f. | hostage |
| dō, dare, dedī, datus | give |
| imperō, -perāre, -perāvī, -perātus | command, order, enjoin |
| faciō, facere, fēcī, factus | make, do; iter facere, see iter |
| polliceor, -licērī, -licitus | promise |
| quod, conj. | that, in that, because |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| properō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | hasten |
| ineō, -īre, -iī, -itus | go into, enter; adopt |
| proximus, -a, -um | nearest, next |
| aestās, -tātis, f. | summer |
| revertor, -vertī, -versus, perf. act. -vertī | turn back, return |
| iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussus | bid, order, command |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| cīvitās, -tātis, f. | state |
| propinquus, -a, -um; as noun, -ī m./-a f. | near; (noun) relative |
| locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n. | place, situation |
| ubi, adv. | where; conj., when |
| legiō, -ōnis f. | legion |
| hīberna, -ōrum n. pl. | winter quarters |
| dēdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductus | lead down or away, bring; nāvem dēdūcere, to draw down or launch a ship |
| proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sum | set out, depart, march |
| ob, prep. with acc. | on account of, for; in compounds, to, against |
| ex, ē (prep. + abl.) | out of, from; of (ē only before consonants) |
| litterae, -ārum f. pl. | letters (of the alphabet); a letter, dispatch |
| diēs, -ēī, m. and f. | day |
| Roman numeral | a number written with letters: I 1, V 5, X 10, L 50, C 100, D 500, M 1000 |
| supplicātiō, -ōnis f. | public thanksgiving (to the gods) |
| dēcernō, -ere, dēcrēvī, dēcrētum | decide, decree |
| ante, prep, with acc. and adv. | before |
| tempus, temporis, n. | time, season |
| accidō, -cidere, -cidī | fall to or upon; befall, happen |
| nūllus, -a, -um | not any, none, no |