Lectitō › Julius Caesar › Gallic War, Book 2
De Bello Gallico 2.32
Caesar's answer
Caesar, De Bello Gallico II. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.
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Read in Lectitō2.32.1Ad haec Caesar respondit: sē magis cōnsuētūdine suā quam meritō eōrum cīvitātem cōnservātūrum, sī prius quam mūrum ariēs attigisset sē dēdidissent;
To this Caesar replied that he would spare their state, more because of his own custom than because they deserved it, if they surrendered before the battering-ram touched the wall;
Note. prius quam … attigisset: 'before the ram touched (the wall)'. The battering-ram touching the wall was the traditional deadline for surrender.
2.32.2sed dēditiōnis nūllam esse condiciōnem nisi armīs trāditīs.
but there could be no terms of surrender unless they handed over their arms.
2.32.2Sē id quod in Nerviīs fēcisset factūrum fīnitimīsque imperātūrum nē quam dēditīciīs populī Rōmānī iniūriam īnferrent.
He would do what he had done in the case of the Nervii and order their neighbours not to do any wrong to people who had surrendered to the Roman people.
2.32.3Rē renūntiātā ad suōs illī sē quae imperārentur facere dīxērunt.
When this was reported to their people, they said they would do what they were ordered.
2.32.4Armōrum magnā multitūdine dē mūrō in fossam, quae erat ante oppidum, iactā, sīc ut prope summam mūrī aggerisque altitūdinem acervī armōrum adaequārent, et tamen circiter parte tertiā, ut posteā perspectum est, cēlātā atque in oppidō retentā, portīs patefactīs eō diē pāce sunt ūsī.
A great quantity of weapons was thrown from the wall into the ditch in front of the town, so that the heaps of arms almost reached the top of the wall and the ramp; and yet about a third had been hidden and kept in the town, as was later discovered; the gates were opened, and they enjoyed peace for that day.
Note. sīc ut … adaequārent: result clause, 'so that the heaps of arms almost equalled the height'. pāce sunt ūsī: 'they enjoyed peace'.
Vocabulary
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| respondeō, -spondēre, -spondī, -spōnsus | reply, answer |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| magis, comp. adv. | more, rather |
| cōnsuētūdō, -inis f. | custom, habit; way of life |
| suus, -a, -um | his, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their |
| quam, adv. | how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible |
| meritum, -ī n. | service, desert |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| cīvitās, -tātis, f. | state |
| cōnservō, -servāre, -servāvī, -servātus | preserve, keep |
| sī, conj. | if |
| prius, adv. | before, first |
| mūrus, -ī, m. | wall |
| ariēs, -etis, m. | ram |
| attingō, -tingere, -tigī, -tāctus | touch at |
| dēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditus | give away or up |
| sed, conj. | but |
| dēditiō, -ōnis f. | surrender |
| nūllus, -a, -um | not any, none, no |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| condiciō, -ōnis f. | terms; condition, status |
| nisi, conj. | if not, unless |
| arma, -ōrum, n. plur. | arms, weapons |
| trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditus | give across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| faciō, facere, fēcī, factus | make, do; iter facere, see iter |
| fīnitimus, -a, -um | neighboring, adjoining |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| imperō, -perāre, -perāvī, -perātus | command, order, enjoin |
| nē, adv. | not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest |
| quis, qua, quid, indef. pron. | any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something |
| dēditīcius, -ī m. | one who has surrendered |
| populus, -ī m. | people, nation |
| Rōmānus, -a, -um | Roman |
| iniūria, -ae, f. | injury, wrong, hurt, harm |
| īnferō, īnferre, intulī, inlātus | bring in or against, wage against; inflict |
| rēs, reī, f. | thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really |
| renūntiō, -nūntiāre, -nūntiāvī, -nūntiātus | bring back word, report, announce |
| ille, illa, illud, dem. pron. | that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc |
| dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictus | say, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day |
| magnus, -a, -um | large, big, great, mighty; loud |
| multitūdō, -tūdinis, f. | multitude |
| dē, prep, with abl. | down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of |
| fossa, -ae, f. | ditch, trench |
| ante, prep, with acc. and adv. | before |
| oppidum, -ī, n. | town |
| iaciō, iacere, iēcī, iactus | throw, cast, hurl |
| sīc, adv. | so, thus |
| ut, conj. | as; when; that; ita ut, as |
| prope (adv. and prep. + acc.) | near, nearly |
| summus, -a, -um | uppermost, highest, greatest |
| agger, aggeris m. | mound, siege ramp |
| altitūdō, -inis f. | height; depth |
| acervus, -ī m. | heap, pile |
| adaequō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | equal, keep up with |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| tamen, adv. | however, yet, nevertheless |
| circiter, prep. with acc. and adv. | about |
| pars, partis, f. | part, side, direction |
| tertius, -a, -um | third |
| posteā, adv. | after this, afterwards |
| perspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectum | see clearly, observe |
| cēlō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | hide, conceal |
| atque, ac (conj.) | and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants) |
| retineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentus | hold or keep back, keep, restrain; hold fast |
| porta, -ae, f. | gate; door |
| patefaciō, -facere, -fēcī, -factus | throw, or lay open, open |
| diēs, -ēī, m. and f. | day |
| pāx, pācis f. | peace |
| ūtor, ūtī, ūsus | use |