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De Bello Gallico 2.32

Caesar's answer

Caesar, De Bello Gallico II. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

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2.32.1Ad haec Caesar respondit: sē magis cōnsuētūdine suā quam meritō eōrum cīvitātem cōnservātūrum, sī prius quam mūrum ariēs attigisset sē dēdidissent;

To this Caesar replied that he would spare their state, more because of his own custom than because they deserved it, if they surrendered before the battering-ram touched the wall;

Note. prius quam … attigisset: 'before the ram touched (the wall)'. The battering-ram touching the wall was the traditional deadline for surrender.

2.32.2sed dēditiōnis nūllam esse condiciōnem nisi armīs trāditīs.

but there could be no terms of surrender unless they handed over their arms.

2.32.2Sē id quod in Nerviīs fēcisset factūrum fīnitimīsque imperātūrum nē quam dēditīciīs populī Rōmānī iniūriam īnferrent.

He would do what he had done in the case of the Nervii and order their neighbours not to do any wrong to people who had surrendered to the Roman people.

2.32.3Rē renūntiātā ad suōs illī sē quae imperārentur facere dīxērunt.

When this was reported to their people, they said they would do what they were ordered.

2.32.4Armōrum magnā multitūdine dē mūrō in fossam, quae erat ante oppidum, iactā, sīc ut prope summam mūrī aggerisque altitūdinem acervī armōrum adaequārent, et tamen circiter parte tertiā, ut posteā perspectum est, cēlātā atque in oppidō retentā, portīs patefactīs eō diē pāce sunt ūsī.

A great quantity of weapons was thrown from the wall into the ditch in front of the town, so that the heaps of arms almost reached the top of the wall and the ramp; and yet about a third had been hidden and kept in the town, as was later discovered; the gates were opened, and they enjoyed peace for that day.

Note. sīc ut … adaequārent: result clause, 'so that the heaps of arms almost equalled the height'. pāce sunt ūsī: 'they enjoyed peace'.

Vocabulary

ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
respondeō, -spondēre, -spondī, -spōnsusreply, answer
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
cōnsuētūdō, -inis f.custom, habit; way of life
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
meritum, -ī n.service, desert
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
cōnservō, -servāre, -servāvī, -servātuspreserve, keep
sī, conj.if
prius, adv.before, first
mūrus, -ī, m.wall
ariēs, -etis, m.ram
attingō, -tingere, -tigī, -tāctustouch at
dēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive away or up
sed, conj.but
dēditiō, -ōnis f.surrender
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
condiciō, -ōnis f.terms; condition, status
nisi, conj.if not, unless
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
fīnitimus, -a, -umneighboring, adjoining
que, enclitic conj.and
imperō, -perāre, -perāvī, -perātuscommand, order, enjoin
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
quis, qua, quid, indef. pron.any one, anybody, anything, some one, somebody, something
dēditīcius, -ī m.one who has surrendered
populus, -ī m.people, nation
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
iniūria, -ae, f.injury, wrong, hurt, harm
īnferō, īnferre, intulī, inlātusbring in or against, wage against; inflict
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
renūntiō, -nūntiāre, -nūntiāvī, -nūntiātusbring back word, report, announce
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
multitūdō, -tūdinis, f.multitude
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
fossa, -ae, f.ditch, trench
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
oppidum, -ī, n.town
iaciō, iacere, iēcī, iactusthrow, cast, hurl
sīc, adv.so, thus
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
prope (adv. and prep. + acc.)near, nearly
summus, -a, -umuppermost, highest, greatest
agger, aggeris m.mound, siege ramp
altitūdō, -inis f.height; depth
acervus, -ī m.heap, pile
adaequō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumequal, keep up with
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
circiter, prep. with acc. and adv.about
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
tertius, -a, -umthird
posteā, adv.after this, afterwards
perspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectumsee clearly, observe
cēlō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushide, conceal
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
retineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentushold or keep back, keep, restrain; hold fast
porta, -ae, f.gate; door
patefaciō, -facere, -fēcī, -factusthrow, or lay open, open
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
pāx, pācis f.peace
ūtor, ūtī, ūsususe
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Caesar, De Bello Gallico II. Latin text: T. Rice Holmes (Oxford, 1914), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: LatinCy, then every word checked and corrected by hand. Vocabulary: F. Ritchie (1903, public domain) and entries written for this app. English translation, notes and grammar hints: written for this app.