Lectitō › Julius Caesar › Gallic War, Book 2
De Bello Gallico 2.3
The Remi submit
Caesar, De Bello Gallico II. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.
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Read in Lectitō2.3.1Eō cum dē imprōvīsō celeriusque omnium opīniōne vēnisset, Rēmī, quī proximī Galliae ex Belgīs sunt, ad eum lēgātōs Iccium et Andebrogium, prīmōs cīvitātis, mīsērunt, quī dīcerent sē suaque omnia in fidem atque potestātem populī Rōmānī permittere, neque sē cum reliquīs Belgīs cōnsēnsisse neque contrā populum Rōmānum coniūrāsse, parātōsque esse et obsidēs dare et imperāta facere et oppidīs recipere et frūmentō cēterīsque rēbus iuvāre;
When he arrived there unexpectedly and sooner than anyone thought, the Remi, who are the nearest of the Belgae to Gaul, sent Iccius and Andebrogius, the leading men of their state, to him as envoys to say that they placed themselves and all they had under the protection and power of the Roman people; that they had not joined with the rest of the Belgae or conspired against the Roman people, and were ready to give hostages, carry out orders, receive him into their towns and help him with grain and other things;
Note. From quī dīcerent onward the envoys' message is in indirect speech: infinitives for main statements, subjunctives in clauses inside them.
2.3.4reliquōs omnēs Belgās in armīs esse, Germānōsque quī cis Rhēnum incolant sēsē cum hīs coniūnxisse, tantumque esse eōrum omnium furōrem ut nē Suessiōnēs quidem, frātrēs cōnsanguineōsque suōs, quī eōdem iūre et īsdem lēgibus ūtantur, ūnum imperium ūnumque magistrātum cum ipsīs habeant, dēterrēre potuerint quīn cum iīs cōnsentīrent.
all the rest of the Belgae were in arms, and the Germans who live on this side of the Rhine had joined them; so great was the frenzy of all of them that they had not even been able to keep the Suessiones, their own brothers and kinsmen, who have the same rights and the same laws and share one government and one magistrate with them, from joining in.
Note. ut nē Suessiōnēs quidem … dēterrēre potuerint quīn: 'that they could not even deter the Suessiones from …'. nē … quidem means 'not even'.
Vocabulary
| eō (adv.) | to that place, thither; to that point (usque eō); (with comparatives) by so much, all the (more) |
| cum, conj. | when, while, after; since; although |
| dē, prep, with abl. | down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of |
| imprōvīsus, -a, -um | unexpected (dē imprōvīsō: unexpectedly) |
| celeriter, adv. | swiftly, quickly |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| omnis, -e | all, every |
| opīniō, -ōnis, f. | opinion, expectation; reputation |
| veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventus | come |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| proximus, -a, -um | nearest, next |
| ex, ē (prep. + abl.) | out of, from; of (ē only before consonants) |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| lēgātus, -ī, m. | ambassador |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| prīmus, -a, -um | first, foremost |
| cīvitās, -tātis, f. | state |
| mittō, mittere, mīsī, missus | send |
| dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictus | say, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| suus, -a, -um | his, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| fidēs, -eī f. | faith, trust; pledge |
| atque, ac (conj.) | and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants) |
| potestās, -ātis f. | power, authority |
| populus, -ī m. | people, nation |
| Rōmānus, -a, -um | Roman |
| permittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missum | allow, permit; entrust |
| neque or nec, conj. | and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not |
| cum, prep, with abl. | with |
| reliquus, -a, -um | left, the remaining, the other, the rest of |
| cōnsentiō, -īre, -sēnsī, -sēnsum | agree; act together |
| contrā, prep, with acc. | against, contrary to |
| coniūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātum | swear together, conspire |
| parātus, -a, -um | prepared, equipped, ready |
| obses, obsidis m./f. | hostage |
| dō, dare, dedī, datus | give |
| imperō, -perāre, -perāvī, -perātus | command, order, enjoin |
| faciō, facere, fēcī, factus | make, do; iter facere, see iter |
| oppidum, -ī, n. | town |
| recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptus | take or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover |
| frūmentum, -ī, n. | grain |
| cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj. | the other, the remaining, the rest of |
| rēs, reī, f. | thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really |
| iuvō, -āre, iūvī, iūtum | help |
| arma, -ōrum, n. plur. | arms, weapons |
| cis (prep. + acc.) | on this side of |
| incolō, -colere, -coluī | inhabit |
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| coniungō, -iungere, -iūnxī, -iūnctus | join together, join |
| tantus, -a, -um | so great or much |
| furor, -ōris, m. | rage, fury, frenzy, madness |
| ut, conj. | as; when; that; ita ut, as |
| nē, adv. | not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest |
| quidem, adv. | in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even |
| frāter, frātris, m. | brother |
| cōnsanguineus, -ī m. | blood relative, kinsman |
| īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron. | the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also |
| iūs, iūris, n. | right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath |
| lēx, lēgis f. | law |
| ūtor, ūtī, ūsus | use |
| ūnus, -a, -um | one; only, alone |
| imperium, -ī, n. | command; sway, rule |
| magistrātus, -ūs m. | magistrate, official |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron. | self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very |
| habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itus | have, hold; consider |
| dēterreō, -terrēre, -terruī, -territus | frighten off, deter |
| possum, posse, potuī | be able, have power, can |
| quīn, conj. | so that ... not, but that, but |