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De Bello Gallico 2.3

The Remi submit

Caesar, De Bello Gallico II. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

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2.3.1Eō cum dē imprōvīsō celeriusque omnium opīniōne vēnisset, Rēmī, quī proximī Galliae ex Belgīs sunt, ad eum lēgātōs Iccium et Andebrogium, prīmōs cīvitātis, mīsērunt, quī dīcerent sē suaque omnia in fidem atque potestātem populī Rōmānī permittere, neque sē cum reliquīs Belgīs cōnsēnsisse neque contrā populum Rōmānum coniūrāsse, parātōsque esse et obsidēs dare et imperāta facere et oppidīs recipere et frūmentō cēterīsque rēbus iuvāre;

When he arrived there unexpectedly and sooner than anyone thought, the Remi, who are the nearest of the Belgae to Gaul, sent Iccius and Andebrogius, the leading men of their state, to him as envoys to say that they placed themselves and all they had under the protection and power of the Roman people; that they had not joined with the rest of the Belgae or conspired against the Roman people, and were ready to give hostages, carry out orders, receive him into their towns and help him with grain and other things;

Note. From quī dīcerent onward the envoys' message is in indirect speech: infinitives for main statements, subjunctives in clauses inside them.

2.3.4reliquōs omnēs Belgās in armīs esse, Germānōsque quī cis Rhēnum incolant sēsē cum hīs coniūnxisse, tantumque esse eōrum omnium furōrem ut nē Suessiōnēs quidem, frātrēs cōnsanguineōsque suōs, quī eōdem iūre et īsdem lēgibus ūtantur, ūnum imperium ūnumque magistrātum cum ipsīs habeant, dēterrēre potuerint quīn cum iīs cōnsentīrent.

all the rest of the Belgae were in arms, and the Germans who live on this side of the Rhine had joined them; so great was the frenzy of all of them that they had not even been able to keep the Suessiones, their own brothers and kinsmen, who have the same rights and the same laws and share one government and one magistrate with them, from joining in.

Note. ut nē Suessiōnēs quidem … dēterrēre potuerint quīn: 'that they could not even deter the Suessiones from …'. nē … quidem means 'not even'.

Vocabulary

eō (adv.)to that place, thither; to that point (usque eō); (with comparatives) by so much, all the (more)
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
imprōvīsus, -a, -umunexpected (dē imprōvīsō: unexpectedly)
celeriter, adv.swiftly, quickly
que, enclitic conj.and
omnis, -eall, every
opīniō, -ōnis, f.opinion, expectation; reputation
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
proximus, -a, -umnearest, next
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
potestās, -ātis f.power, authority
populus, -ī m.people, nation
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
permittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumallow, permit; entrust
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
cum, prep, with abl.with
reliquus, -a, -umleft, the remaining, the other, the rest of
cōnsentiō, -īre, -sēnsī, -sēnsumagree; act together
contrā, prep, with acc.against, contrary to
coniūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumswear together, conspire
parātus, -a, -umprepared, equipped, ready
obses, obsidis m./f.hostage
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
imperō, -perāre, -perāvī, -perātuscommand, order, enjoin
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
oppidum, -ī, n.town
recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover
frūmentum, -ī, n.grain
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
iuvō, -āre, iūvī, iūtumhelp
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
cis (prep. + acc.)on this side of
incolō, -colere, -coluīinhabit
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
coniungō, -iungere, -iūnxī, -iūnctusjoin together, join
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
furor, -ōris, m.rage, fury, frenzy, madness
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
frāter, frātris, m.brother
cōnsanguineus, -ī m.blood relative, kinsman
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
iūs, iūris, n.right, justice, law; iūs dīcere, to pronounce judgment; iūs iūrandum, iūris iūrandī, oath
lēx, lēgis f.law
ūtor, ūtī, ūsususe
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
imperium, -ī, n.command; sway, rule
magistrātus, -ūs m.magistrate, official
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
dēterreō, -terrēre, -terruī, -territusfrighten off, deter
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
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Caesar, De Bello Gallico II. Latin text: T. Rice Holmes (Oxford, 1914), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: LatinCy, then every word checked and corrected by hand. Vocabulary: F. Ritchie (1903, public domain) and entries written for this app. English translation, notes and grammar hints: written for this app.