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De Bello Gallico 1.37

News from the Rhine

Caesar, De Bello Gallico I. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

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1.37.1Haec eōdem tempore Caesarī mandāta referēbantur et lēgātī ab Haeduīs et ā Trēverīs veniēbant: Haeduī questum quod Harūdēs, quī nūper in Galliam trānsportātī essent, fīnēs eōrum populārentur: sēsē nē obsidibus quidem datīs pācem Ariovistī redimere potuisse;

At the same time as this message was brought to Caesar, envoys came from the Haedui and from the Treveri: the Haedui came to complain that the Harudes, who had recently been brought across into Gaul, were plundering their land; they had not been able to buy peace from Ariovistus even by giving hostages;

Note. questum is a supine of purpose: 'came to complain'.

1.37.3Trēverī autem, pāgōs centum Suēbōrum ad rīpās Rhēnī cōnsēdisse, quī Rhēnum trānsīre cōnārentur;

the Treveri reported that a hundred cantons of the Suebi had settled on the banks of the Rhine and were trying to cross it;

1.37.3hīs praeesse Nasuam et Cimberium frātrēs.

they were led by two brothers, Nasua and Cimberius.

1.37.3Quibus rēbus Caesar vehementer commōtus mātūrandum sibi exīstimāvit, nē, sī nova manus Suēbōrum cum veteribus cōpiīs Ariovistī sēsē coniūnxisset, minus facile resistī posset.

Deeply disturbed by this, Caesar thought he must make haste, in case it became harder to resist if the new band of Suebi joined the old forces of Ariovistus.

Note. mātūrandum sibi: 'that he must hurry'. resistī posset: an impersonal passive, 'resistance could be made'.

1.37.4Itaque rē frūmentāriā quam celerrimē potuit comparātā magnīs itineribus ad Ariovistum contendit.

So he got his grain supply ready as quickly as he could and hurried toward Ariovistus by forced marches.

Vocabulary

hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
mandātum, -ī n.order, instruction, message
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
lēgātus, -ī, m.ambassador
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
queror, -ī, questus sumcomplain
quod, conj.that, in that, because
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
nūper, adv.newly, lately, recently
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
trānsportō, -portāre, -portāvī, -portātuscarry across or over, transport
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
fīnis, -is, m.end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
populor, -ārī, -ātus sumlay waste, plunder
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
obses, obsidis m./f.hostage
quidem, adv.in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
pāx, pācis f.peace
redimō, -ere, -ēmī, -ēmptumbuy up; buy back
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
pāgus, -ī m.district, canton
centum, indecl. adj.one hundred
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
rīpa, -ae, f.bank
cōnsīdō, -sīdere, -sēdī, -sessussit down
trānseō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo across or over, cross
cōnor, -ārī, -ātustry, attempt
praesum, -esse, -fuībe before, preside over, have charge of, command
frāter, frātris, m.brother
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
vehementer, adv.violently, vehemently; earnestly; exceedingly, greatly
commoveō, -movēre, -mōvī, -mōtusmove, rouse; disturb
mātūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusripen; hasten
exīstimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconsider, believe, think
sī, conj.if
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
manus, -ūs, f.hand
cum, prep, with abl.with
vetus, veterisold, former
cōpia, -ae, f.supply, abundance; plur., forces, troops
coniungō, -iungere, -iūnxī, -iūnctusjoin together, join
minus, comp. adv.less
facile, adv.easily
resistō, -sistere, -stitīstand back, resist
itaque, adv.and so, accordingly, therefore
frūmentārius, -a, -umof grain (rēs frūmentāria: grain supply)
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
celeriter, adv.swiftly, quickly
comparō, -parāre, -parāvī, -parātusprepare, collect
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
contendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentusstretch, hasten
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Caesar, De Bello Gallico I. Latin text: T. Rice Holmes (Oxford, 1914), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: LatinCy, then every word checked and corrected by hand. Vocabulary: F. Ritchie (1903, public domain) and entries written for this app. English translation, notes and grammar hints: written for this app.