Lectitō › Julius Caesar › Gallic War, Book 1
De Bello Gallico 1.37
News from the Rhine
Caesar, De Bello Gallico I. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.
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Read in Lectitō1.37.1Haec eōdem tempore Caesarī mandāta referēbantur et lēgātī ab Haeduīs et ā Trēverīs veniēbant: Haeduī questum quod Harūdēs, quī nūper in Galliam trānsportātī essent, fīnēs eōrum populārentur: sēsē nē obsidibus quidem datīs pācem Ariovistī redimere potuisse;
At the same time as this message was brought to Caesar, envoys came from the Haedui and from the Treveri: the Haedui came to complain that the Harudes, who had recently been brought across into Gaul, were plundering their land; they had not been able to buy peace from Ariovistus even by giving hostages;
Note. questum is a supine of purpose: 'came to complain'.
1.37.3Trēverī autem, pāgōs centum Suēbōrum ad rīpās Rhēnī cōnsēdisse, quī Rhēnum trānsīre cōnārentur;
the Treveri reported that a hundred cantons of the Suebi had settled on the banks of the Rhine and were trying to cross it;
1.37.3hīs praeesse Nasuam et Cimberium frātrēs.
they were led by two brothers, Nasua and Cimberius.
1.37.3Quibus rēbus Caesar vehementer commōtus mātūrandum sibi exīstimāvit, nē, sī nova manus Suēbōrum cum veteribus cōpiīs Ariovistī sēsē coniūnxisset, minus facile resistī posset.
Deeply disturbed by this, Caesar thought he must make haste, in case it became harder to resist if the new band of Suebi joined the old forces of Ariovistus.
Note. mātūrandum sibi: 'that he must hurry'. resistī posset: an impersonal passive, 'resistance could be made'.
1.37.4Itaque rē frūmentāriā quam celerrimē potuit comparātā magnīs itineribus ad Ariovistum contendit.
So he got his grain supply ready as quickly as he could and hurried toward Ariovistus by forced marches.
Vocabulary
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron. | the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also |
| tempus, temporis, n. | time, season |
| mandātum, -ī n. | order, instruction, message |
| referō, referre, rettulī, relātus | bring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| lēgātus, -ī, m. | ambassador |
| ā, ab (prep. + abl.) | away from, from; by (ā only before consonants) |
| veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventus | come |
| queror, -ī, questus sum | complain |
| quod, conj. | that, in that, because |
| quī, quae, quod, rel. pron. | who, which |
| nūper, adv. | newly, lately, recently |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| trānsportō, -portāre, -portāvī, -portātus | carry across or over, transport |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be |
| fīnis, -is, m. | end, boundary; plur., borders, territory, country |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| populor, -ārī, -ātus sum | lay waste, plunder |
| suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron. | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| nē, adv. | not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest |
| obses, obsidis m./f. | hostage |
| quidem, adv. | in fact, indeed, certainly; nē ... quidem, not ... even |
| dō, dare, dedī, datus | give |
| pāx, pācis f. | peace |
| redimō, -ere, -ēmī, -ēmptum | buy up; buy back |
| possum, posse, potuī | be able, have power, can |
| autem, conj. | moreover; but, however; now |
| pāgus, -ī m. | district, canton |
| centum, indecl. adj. | one hundred |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| rīpa, -ae, f. | bank |
| cōnsīdō, -sīdere, -sēdī, -sessus | sit down |
| trānseō, -īre, -iī, -itus | go across or over, cross |
| cōnor, -ārī, -ātus | try, attempt |
| praesum, -esse, -fuī | be before, preside over, have charge of, command |
| frāter, frātris, m. | brother |
| rēs, reī, f. | thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really |
| vehementer, adv. | violently, vehemently; earnestly; exceedingly, greatly |
| commoveō, -movēre, -mōvī, -mōtus | move, rouse; disturb |
| mātūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | ripen; hasten |
| exīstimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | consider, believe, think |
| sī, conj. | if |
| novus, -a, -um | new; novissimus, last |
| manus, -ūs, f. | hand |
| cum, prep, with abl. | with |
| vetus, veteris | old, former |
| cōpia, -ae, f. | supply, abundance; plur., forces, troops |
| coniungō, -iungere, -iūnxī, -iūnctus | join together, join |
| minus, comp. adv. | less |
| facile, adv. | easily |
| resistō, -sistere, -stitī | stand back, resist |
| itaque, adv. | and so, accordingly, therefore |
| frūmentārius, -a, -um | of grain (rēs frūmentāria: grain supply) |
| quam, adv. | how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible |
| celeriter, adv. | swiftly, quickly |
| comparō, -parāre, -parāvī, -parātus | prepare, collect |
| magnus, -a, -um | large, big, great, mighty; loud |
| iter, itineris, n. | a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march |
| contendō, -tendere, -tendī, -tentus | stretch, hasten |