De Bello Civili 3.4

BC 3.4.1Legiōnēs effēcerat cīvium Rōmānōrum viiii: v ex Ītaliā quās trādūxerat;

He had formed nine legions of Roman citizens: five from Italy, which he had brought across;

Note. Pompey's land forces are listed from here to 4.6. viiii: novem; v: quīnque. Pompey had brought five legions across from Brundisium in 49 BC.

BC 3.4.1ūnam ex Ciliciā veterānam, quam factam ex duābus gemellam appellābat;

one veteran legion from Cilicia, which, because it had been made out of two, he called the Twin legion;

Note. gemellam: 'the Twin', a legion formed by joining two depleted ones. appellābat: 'he called'; the subject is Pompey.

BC 3.4.1ūnam ex Crētā et Macedoniā ex veterānīs mīlitibus, quī dīmissī ā superiōribus imperātōribus in hīs prōvinciīs cōnsēderant;

one from Crete and Macedonia, of veteran soldiers who had been discharged by earlier commanders and had settled in these provinces;

Note. veterānīs mīlitibus: veterans who had been discharged by earlier governors and had settled (cōnsēderant, from cōnsīdō) in these provinces.

BC 3.4.1duās ex Asiā, quās Lentulus cōnsul cōnscrībendās cūrāverat.

two from Asia, which the consul Lentulus had had enrolled.

Note. Lentulus cōnsul: L. Cornelius Lentulus Crus, consul in 49 BC. cōnscrībendās cūrāverat: 'had had enrolled', cūrō with a gerundive again.

BC 3.4.2praetereā magnum numerum ex Thessaliā Boeōtiā Achāiā Ēpīrōque supplēmentī nōmine in legiōnēs distribuerat;

Besides this, he had distributed a large number of men from Thessaly, Boeotia, Achaea and Epirus among the legions, as reinforcements;

Note. supplēmentī nōmine: 'by way of reinforcement'. distribuerat: Greek recruits were spread among the Roman legions to fill them out.

BC 3.4.2hīs Antōniānōs mīlitēs admiscuerat.

with these he had mixed in the soldiers of Antonius.

Note. Antōniānōs mīlitēs: the men of C. Antonius, Mark Antony's brother, captured at Curicta in 49 BC (see 3.10) and taken into Pompey's army.

BC 3.4.3praeter hās expectābat cum Scīpiōne ex Syriā legiōnēs ii.

In addition to these he was expecting two legions from Syria with Scipio.

Note. cum Scīpiōne: Metellus Scipio, Pompey's father-in-law, governor of Syria. ii: duās, agreeing with legiōnēs.

BC 3.4.3sagittāriōs Crētā, Lacedaemone, ex Pontō atque Syriā reliquīsque cīvitātibus iii mīlia numerō habēbat, funditōrum cohortēs sexcēnāriās ii, equitēs vii mīlia.

He had archers from Crete, Sparta, Pontus and Syria and the other states, three thousand in number, two cohorts of slingers of six hundred men each, and seven thousand cavalry.

Note. Crētā, Lacedaemone: ablatives of origin, 'from Crete, from Sparta'. iii mīlia numerō: tria mīlia, 'three thousand in number'. cohortēs sēscēnāriās: cohorts of six hundred men each. vii mīlia: septem mīlia.

BC 3.4.3ex quibus dc Gallōs Dēiotarus addūxerat, d Ariobarzānēs ex Cappadociā;

Of these, Deiotarus had brought six hundred Gauls, and Ariobarzanes five hundred from Cappadocia;

Note. dc: sescentōs, 'six hundred'; d: quīngentōs, 'five hundred'. Deiotarus was king of Galatia, Ariobarzanes king of Cappadocia; both were Pompey's clients.

BC 3.4.3ad eundem numerum Cotus ex Thrāciā dederat et Sadalam fīlium mīserat;

Cotys had provided the same number from Thrace and had sent his son Sadala;

Note. ad eundem numerum: 'to the same number', five hundred. Cotus: Cotys, king of the Odrysian Thracians.

BC 3.4.4ex Macedoniā cc erant, quibus Rhascypolis praeerat, excellentī virtūte;

from Macedonia there were two hundred, commanded by Rhascypolis, a man of outstanding courage;

Note. cc: ducentī. excellentī virtūte: ablative of description, 'a man of outstanding courage'.

BC 3.4.4d ex Gabīniānīs Alexandrīā, Gallōs Germānōsque, quōs ibi A. Gabīnius praesidiī causā apud rēgem Ptolomaeum relīquerat, Pompēius fīlius cum classe addūxerat;

five hundred of the Gabinian troops from Alexandria, Gauls and Germans whom Aulus Gabinius had left there with King Ptolemy as a garrison, Pompey's son had brought with the fleet;

Note. d ex Gabīniānīs: five hundred of Gabinius' men, the Gauls and Germans that A. Gabinius left in Alexandria in 55 BC after restoring King Ptolemy XII. Pompeius fīlius: Pompey's elder son Gnaeus.

BC 3.4.4dccc ex servīs suīs pāstōrumque suōrum numerō coēgerat;

eight hundred he had collected from his own slaves and the number of his herdsmen;

Note. dccc: octingentōs, 'eight hundred'. pāstōrum … numerō: 'from the number of his herdsmen'; Pompey owned large estates with slave shepherds.

BC 3.4.5ccc Tarcondārius Castor et Domnilāus ex Gallograeciā dederant— hōrum alter ūnā vēnerat, alter fīlium mīserat—;

three hundred Tarcondarius Castor and Domnilaus had provided from Galatia (one of them had come with them, the other had sent his son);

Note. ccc: trecentōs. Gallograecia is Galatia in central Asia Minor, settled by Gauls in the third century BC. alter … alter: 'the one … the other'. ūnā: adverb, 'together, with them'.

BC 3.4.5cc ex Syriā ā Commāgēnō Antiochō, cui magna Pompēius praemia tribuit, missī erant, in hīs plērīque hippotoxotae.

two hundred had been sent from Syria by Antiochus of Commagene, to whom Pompey gave great rewards, most of them mounted archers.

Note. cc: ducentī. Commāgēnō Antiochō: Antiochus I of Commagene. hippotoxotae: a Greek word, 'mounted archers'.

BC 3.4.6hūc Dardanōs, Bessōs partim mercennāriōs, partim imperiō aut grātiā comparātōs, item Macedonēs, Thessalōs ac reliquārum gentium et cīvitātum adiēcerat atque eum quem suprā dēmōnstrāvimus numerum explēverat.

To these he had added Dardanians and Bessians, some hired, some gained by authority or favour, and likewise Macedonians, Thessalians and men of the other peoples and states, and had made up the number which we have stated above.

Note. partim … partim: 'some … others'. imperiō aut grātiā: 'by authority or by favour', i.e. by command or by persuasion. quem suprā dēmōnstrāvimus numerum: the total of seven thousand cavalry given in 4.3.