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De Bello Civili 1.75

Petreius breaks up the talks

Caesar, De Bello Civili I. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

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BC 1.75.1Quibus rēbus nūntiātīs Afrānius ab īnstitūtō opere discēdit sēque in castra recipit, sīc parātus, ut vidēbātur, ut, quīcumque accidisset cāsus, hunc quiētō et aequō animō ferret.

When this is reported, Afranius leaves the work he had begun and withdraws into the camp, prepared, as it seemed, to bear calmly and patiently whatever might happen.

Note. quīcumque accidisset cāsus: 'whatever event might happen'. aequō animō: 'calmly'.

BC 1.75.2Petrēius vērō nōn dēserit sēsē.

Petreius, however, does not give up.

Note. nōn dēserit sēsē: 'does not give up', literally 'does not abandon himself'.

BC 1.75.2armat familiam;

He arms his household slaves;

Note. familiam: his household of slaves.

BC 1.75.2cum hāc et praetōriā cohorte caetrātōrum barbarīsque equitibus paucīs, beneficiāriīs suīs, quōs suae custōdiae causā habēre cōnsuēverat, imprōvīsō ad vallum advolat, colloquia mīlitum interrumpit, nostrōs repellit ā castrīs, quōs dēprendit, interficit.

with them, his praetorian cohort of light-armed men and a few native horsemen, privileged men he used to keep as his bodyguard, he flies unexpectedly to the rampart, breaks off the soldiers' conversations, drives our men from the camp, and kills those he catches.

Note. praetōriā cohorte: the commander's bodyguard cohort. caetrātōrum: light troops with the caetra, a small Spanish shield. beneficiāriīs: soldiers excused from duties by the general's favour.

BC 1.75.3reliquī coeunt inter sē et repentīnō perīculō exterritī sinistrās sagīs involvunt gladiōsque dēstringunt atque ita sē ā caetrātīs equitibusque dēfendunt castrōrum propinquitāte cōnfīsī sēque in castra recipiunt et ab iīs cohortibus quae erant in statiōne ad portās, dēfenduntur.

The rest band together and, alarmed by the sudden danger, wrap their left arms in their cloaks, draw their swords, and so defend themselves against the light-armed men and the horsemen, trusting in the nearness of their camp; they withdraw into the camp and are protected by the cohorts on guard at the gates.

Note. sinistrās sagīs involvunt: they wrap their left arms in their cloaks as makeshift shields. castrōrum propinquitāte cōnfīsī: cōnfīdō takes the ablative, 'trusting in the nearness'.

Vocabulary

quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
nūntiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreport, announce
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
īnstituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtusdecide upon, determine
opus, operis, n.work, task
discēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessusgo apart, withdraw, depart
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
que, enclitic conj.and
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover
sīc, adv.so, thus
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
quīcumque, quaecumque, quodcumquewhoever, whatever
accidō, -cidere, -cidīfall to or upon; befall, happen
cāsus, -ūs, m.fall; chance, accident
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
quiētus, -a, -umquiet, at peace, calm
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
aequus, -a, -umlevel; equal; fair
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
nōn, adv.not
dēserō, -serere, -seruī, -sertusdesert
armō, -āre, -āvi, -ātusarm, equip
familia, -ae f.household (incl. slaves and dependents)
cum, prep, with abl.with
praetōrius, -a, -umof the commander (praetōria cohors: bodyguard)
cohors, cohortis f.cohort (a tenth of a legion); company
caetrātus, -a, -umarmed with the caetra (a light leather shield); caetrātī: light-armed troops
barbarus, -a, -umbarbarian
eques, equitis m.horseman; (pl.) cavalry
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
beneficiārius, -ī m.a soldier excused from fatigue duties by his commander's favour; an orderly, bodyguard
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
custōdia, -ae f.guard, protection
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
cōnsuēscō, -suēscere, -suēvī, -suētusbecome accustomed; in tenses of completed action, have become accustomed, be accustomed or wont
imprōvīsō (adv.)unexpectedly
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
vallum, -ī n.rampart, palisade
advolō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumfly at, rush at
colloquium (conloquium), -ī n.conference, talk
mīles, mīlitis, m.soldier
interrumpō, -ere, -rūpī, -ruptusbreak down, break apart
noster, -tra, -trumour
repellō, repellere, reppulī, repulsusdrive back or away, repulse, repel
dēprehendō, -ere, -hendī, -hēnsuscatch, seize, overtake; detect
interficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusput out of the way, kill
reliquus, -a, -umleft, the remaining, the other, the rest of
coeō, -īre, -iī, -itumcome together, assemble
inter, prep, with acc.among, between
repentīnus, -a, -umsudden
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
exterreō, -ēre, -uī, -itusfrighten badly, terrify
sinistra, -ae, f.left hand (manus understood)
sagum, -ī n.a soldier's cloak
involvō, -ere, -volvī, -volūtusroll up, wrap, envelop
gladius, -ī, m.sword
dēstringō, -ere, -strīnxī, -strictumdraw (a sword)
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
ita, adv.in this manner, thus, so; ita ut, as
dēfendō, -fendere, -fendī, -fēnsusward off; defend
propinquitās, -ātis f.nearness; kinship
cōnfīdō, -ere, cōnfīsus sumtrust, be confident
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
statiō, -ōnis f.outpost, picket
porta, -ae, f.gate; door
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Caesar, De Bello Civili I. Latin text: R. du Pontet, C. Iuli Caesaris Commentariorum pars posterior (Oxford, 1901), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: LatinCy, then every word checked and corrected by hand. English translation, notes and grammar hints: written for this app.