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Bellum Africum 98

Caesar Returns to Rome

Anonymous, Bellum Africum. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

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B. Afr. 98.1Hīs rēbus gestīs Īdibus Iūn.

When these things were done, on the Ides of June,

Note. Īdibus Iūn(iīs): 'on the Ides of June', i.e. 13 June 46 BC. The editor's text has a full stop after the abbreviation Iūn., so the date is printed here as a separate sentence; it runs straight on into the next one.

B. Afr. 98.1Uticae classem cōnscendit et post diem tertium Caralīs in Sardiniam pervēnit.

he boarded his fleet at Utica, and on the third day after reached Carales in Sardinia.

Note. post diem tertium: 'on the third day after', counting both ends in the Roman way. Carālis: accusative plural of Carālēs, Sardinia's chief town (Cagliari).

B. Afr. 98.2Ibi Sulcitānōs, quod Nāsidium eiusque classem recēperant cōpiīsque iūverant, HS C multat et prō decumīs octāvās pendere iubet bonaque paucōrum vēndit et ante diem IV Kal. Quīntīl.

There he fined the people of Sulci a hundred thousand sesterces for having received Nasidius and his fleet and helped him with supplies, ordered them to pay an eighth instead of a tenth, sold the property of a few men, and on the fourth day before the Kalends of July

Note. Sulcitānōs: the people of Sulci in Sardinia. Nāsidium: L. Nasidius, a Pompeian admiral. HS C: 100,000 sesterces. prō decumīs octāvās: 'an eighth instead of a tenth' of their harvest as tax. ante diem IV Kal. Quīntīl.: 'the fourth day before the Kalends of July', i.e. 28 June; Quīntīlis was the old name of July before it was renamed after Caesar.

B. Afr. 98.2nāvēs cōnscendit et ā Caralibus secundum terram prōvectus duodētrīcēnsimō diē, ideō quod tempestātibus in portibus cohibēbātur, ad urbem Rōmam vēnit.

boarded his ships, set out from Carales along the coast and, because he was held back in harbours by storms, reached the city of Rome on the twenty-eighth day.

Note. secundum terram: 'along the coast'. duodētrīcēnsimō diē: 'on the twenty-eighth day'. ideō quod: 'because'. He reached Rome in late July 46 BC, where he celebrated four triumphs. Here the Bellum Africum ends.

Vocabulary

hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestuscarry, wear; carry on, do
Īdūs, -uum f. pl.the Ides (13th or 15th of the month)
Iūnius, -a, -umof June (Kalendae Iūniae: 1 June)
classis, -is f.fleet
cōnscendō, -scendere, -scendī, -scēnsusclimb; nāvem cōnscendere, to climb the ship, go on board, embark
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
post, adv.after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind
diēs, -ēī, m. and f.day
tertius, -a, -umthird
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
perveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome through, come, arrive, reach
ibi, adv.in that place, there
quod, conj.that, in that, because
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
que, enclitic conj.and
recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover
cōpia, -ae, f.supply, abundance; plur., forces, troops
iuvō, -āre, iūvī, iūtumhelp
sēstertius, -ī m. (gen. pl. often sēstertium)a sesterce, a small silver (later brass) coin
Roman numerala number written with letters: I 1, V 5, X 10, L 50, C 100, D 500, M 1000
multō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspunish, fine; deprive (of: abl.)
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
decuma, -ae f.a tenth, tithe (a tax of a tenth of the harvest)
octāvus, -a, -umeighth
pendō, pendere, pependī, pēnsusweigh out, pay
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
bonum, -ī n.a good thing, advantage; (pl.) goods
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
vēndō, -ere, vēndidī, vēnditumsell
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
Kalendae, -ārum f. pl.the Kalends (1st day of the month)
Quīntīlis, -eof July (the fifth month of the old year); Kalendae Quīntīlēs: 1 July
nāvis, -is, f.ship
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
secundum (prep. + acc.)after, besides; along
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
prōvehō, -vehere, -vexī, -vectuscarry forward
duodētrīcēnsimus, -a, -umtwenty-eighth
ideō (adv.)for that reason, therefore
tempestās, -tātis, f.weather; storm, tempest
portus, -ūs, m.harbor, haven, port
cohibeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushold back, restrain, keep in check
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
urbs, urbis, f.city
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
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Anonymous, Bellum Africum. Latin text: B. Kübler and E. Wölfflin, C. Iulii Caesaris Commentarii, vol. III (Leipzig: Teubner, 1896–97), public domain; transcribed for this app from the Internet Archive scan. Word analysis: LatinCy, then every word checked and corrected by hand. English translation, notes and grammar hints: written for this app.