Lectitō › Julius Caesar › The African War (Bellum Africum)
Bellum Africum 98
Caesar Returns to Rome
Anonymous, Bellum Africum. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.
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Read in LectitōB. Afr. 98.1Hīs rēbus gestīs Īdibus Iūn.
When these things were done, on the Ides of June,
Note. Īdibus Iūn(iīs): 'on the Ides of June', i.e. 13 June 46 BC. The editor's text has a full stop after the abbreviation Iūn., so the date is printed here as a separate sentence; it runs straight on into the next one.
B. Afr. 98.1Uticae classem cōnscendit et post diem tertium Caralīs in Sardiniam pervēnit.
he boarded his fleet at Utica, and on the third day after reached Carales in Sardinia.
Note. post diem tertium: 'on the third day after', counting both ends in the Roman way. Carālis: accusative plural of Carālēs, Sardinia's chief town (Cagliari).
B. Afr. 98.2Ibi Sulcitānōs, quod Nāsidium eiusque classem recēperant cōpiīsque iūverant, HS C multat et prō decumīs octāvās pendere iubet bonaque paucōrum vēndit et ante diem IV Kal. Quīntīl.
There he fined the people of Sulci a hundred thousand sesterces for having received Nasidius and his fleet and helped him with supplies, ordered them to pay an eighth instead of a tenth, sold the property of a few men, and on the fourth day before the Kalends of July
Note. Sulcitānōs: the people of Sulci in Sardinia. Nāsidium: L. Nasidius, a Pompeian admiral. HS C: 100,000 sesterces. prō decumīs octāvās: 'an eighth instead of a tenth' of their harvest as tax. ante diem IV Kal. Quīntīl.: 'the fourth day before the Kalends of July', i.e. 28 June; Quīntīlis was the old name of July before it was renamed after Caesar.
B. Afr. 98.2nāvēs cōnscendit et ā Caralibus secundum terram prōvectus duodētrīcēnsimō diē, ideō quod tempestātibus in portibus cohibēbātur, ad urbem Rōmam vēnit.
boarded his ships, set out from Carales along the coast and, because he was held back in harbours by storms, reached the city of Rome on the twenty-eighth day.
Note. secundum terram: 'along the coast'. duodētrīcēnsimō diē: 'on the twenty-eighth day'. ideō quod: 'because'. He reached Rome in late July 46 BC, where he celebrated four triumphs. Here the Bellum Africum ends.
Vocabulary
| hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron. | this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter |
| rēs, reī, f. | thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really |
| gerō, gerere, gessī, gestus | carry, wear; carry on, do |
| Īdūs, -uum f. pl. | the Ides (13th or 15th of the month) |
| Iūnius, -a, -um | of June (Kalendae Iūniae: 1 June) |
| classis, -is f. | fleet |
| cōnscendō, -scendere, -scendī, -scēnsus | climb; nāvem cōnscendere, to climb the ship, go on board, embark |
| et, conj. | and; et ... et, both ... and |
| post, adv. | after, later; prep. with acc., after, behind |
| diēs, -ēī, m. and f. | day |
| tertius, -a, -um | third |
| in, prep. with acc. and abl. | with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on |
| perveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventus | come through, come, arrive, reach |
| ibi, adv. | in that place, there |
| quod, conj. | that, in that, because |
| is, ea, id, dem. pron. | this, that; he, she, it, they |
| que, enclitic conj. | and |
| recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptus | take or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover |
| cōpia, -ae, f. | supply, abundance; plur., forces, troops |
| iuvō, -āre, iūvī, iūtum | help |
| sēstertius, -ī m. (gen. pl. often sēstertium) | a sesterce, a small silver (later brass) coin |
| Roman numeral | a number written with letters: I 1, V 5, X 10, L 50, C 100, D 500, M 1000 |
| multō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus | punish, fine; deprive (of: abl.) |
| prō, prep. with abl. | before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for |
| decuma, -ae f. | a tenth, tithe (a tax of a tenth of the harvest) |
| octāvus, -a, -um | eighth |
| pendō, pendere, pependī, pēnsus | weigh out, pay |
| iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussus | bid, order, command |
| bonum, -ī n. | a good thing, advantage; (pl.) goods |
| paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj. | few |
| vēndō, -ere, vēndidī, vēnditum | sell |
| ante, prep, with acc. and adv. | before |
| Kalendae, -ārum f. pl. | the Kalends (1st day of the month) |
| Quīntīlis, -e | of July (the fifth month of the old year); Kalendae Quīntīlēs: 1 July |
| nāvis, -is, f. | ship |
| ā, ab (prep. + abl.) | away from, from; by (ā only before consonants) |
| secundum (prep. + acc.) | after, besides; along |
| terra, -ae, f. | land, earth |
| prōvehō, -vehere, -vexī, -vectus | carry forward |
| duodētrīcēnsimus, -a, -um | twenty-eighth |
| ideō (adv.) | for that reason, therefore |
| tempestās, -tātis, f. | weather; storm, tempest |
| portus, -ūs, m. | harbor, haven, port |
| cohibeō, -ēre, -uī, -itus | hold back, restrain, keep in check |
| ad, prep. with acc. | to, toward; at, near; for |
| urbs, urbis, f. | city |
| veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventus | come |