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Bellum Africum 64

The fate of the prisoners

Anonymous, Bellum Africum. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

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B. Afr. 64.1In eā nāve captus est P. Vestrius, eques Rōmānus, et P. Ligārius Afrāniānus, quem Caesar in Hispāniā cum reliquīs dīmīserat, et posteā sē ad Pompēium contulerat, inde ex proeliō effūgerat in Āfricamque ad Vārum vēnerat;

On that ship were captured Publius Vestrius, a Roman knight, and Publius Ligarius, one of Afranius' men, whom Caesar had let go in Spain with the rest, and who afterwards had gone over to Pompey, then had escaped from the battle and had come to Africa to Varus;

Note. P. Ligārius Afrāniānus: one of Afranius' men; Caesar had released Afranius' army in Spain in 49 BC on condition that they would not fight him again.

B. Afr. 64.1quem ob periūrium perfidiamque Caesar iussit necārī.

Caesar ordered him to be put to death for his perjury and treachery.

Note. periūrium: breaking his oath not to bear arms against Caesar. iussit necārī: iubeō with a passive infinitive.

B. Afr. 64.2P. Vestriō autem, quod eius frāter Rōmae pecūniam imperātam numerāverat, et quod ipse suam causam probāverat Caesarī, sē ā Nāsidiī classe captum, cum ad necem dūcerētur, beneficiō Vārī esse servātum, posteā sibi facultātem nūllam datam trānseundī, ignōvit.

But Publius Vestrius he pardoned, because his brother had paid at Rome the money demanded of him, and because he himself had proved his case to Caesar: that he had been captured by Nasidius' fleet and, when he was being led to execution, had been saved by Varus' kindness, and afterwards had been given no opportunity of crossing over.

Note. P. Vestriō … ignōvit: ignōscō takes the dative. The quod clauses give Caesar's reasons; se … captum … servātum … datam: the indirect statement of Vestrius' defence. trānseundī: 'of crossing over' to Caesar.

Vocabulary

in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
nāvis, -is, f.ship
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
eques, equitis m.horseman; (pl.) cavalry
Rōmānus, -a, -umRoman
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
Afrāniānus, -a, -umof Afranius; Afrāniānī, -ōrum m. pl.: Afranius' men
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
cum, prep, with abl.with
reliquus, -a, -umleft, the remaining, the other, the rest of
dīmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend different ways, send forth or away, despatch; let slip, lose
posteā, adv.after this, afterwards
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, conlātusbring together; grant, confer; sē cōnferre, to betake oneself, make one's way
inde (adv.)from there; then
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
effugio, -fugere, -fūgīflee out or away, escape
que, enclitic conj.and
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
ob, prep. with acc.on account of, for; in compounds, to, against
periūrium, -ī n.perjury, a false oath
perfidia, -ae f.treachery, bad faith
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
necō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusput to death, slay, kill
autem, conj.moreover; but, however; now
quod, conj.that, in that, because
frāter, frātris, m.brother
pecūnia, -ae, f.money (the possession of cattle constituting wealth in early times)
imperō, -perāre, -perāvī, -perātuscommand, order, enjoin
numerō (adv.)in number (saepe numerō: very often)
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
probō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumprove, show; approve
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
classis, -is f.fleet
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
nex, necis f.death, killing
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
beneficium, -ī, n.well-doing, kindness, service, benefit
servō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussave, preserve
facultās, -tātis, f.possibility, opportunity, chance, means
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
trānseō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo across or over, cross
ignōscō, -ere, ignōvī, ignōtum (+ dat.)pardon, forgive
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Anonymous, Bellum Africum. Latin text: B. Kübler and E. Wölfflin, C. Iulii Caesaris Commentarii, vol. III (Leipzig: Teubner, 1896–97), public domain; transcribed for this app from the Internet Archive scan. Word analysis: LatinCy, then every word checked and corrected by hand. English translation, notes and grammar hints: written for this app.