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Bellum Africum 43

Considius abandons Acylla

Anonymous, Bellum Africum. Latin text with a sentence-by-sentence English translation, notes and vocabulary.

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B. Afr. 43.1Interim Cōnsidius, quī Acyllam… et VIII cohortibus stīpendiāriīs Numidīs Gaetūlīsque obsidēbat, ubi C. Messius cohortibus praeerat, diū multumque expertus magnīsque operibus saepe admōtīs et hīs ab oppidānīs incēnsīs cum prōficeret nihil, subitō nūntiō dē equestrī proeliō adlātō commōtus frūmentō, cuius in castrīs cōpiam habuerat, incēnsō, vīnō, oleō cēterīsque rēbus, quae ad vīctum parārī solent, corruptīs Acyllam, quam obsidēbat, dēseruit atque itinere per regnum Iubae factō cōpiās cum Scīpiōne partītus Hadrūmētum sē recēpit.

Meanwhile Considius, who was besieging Acylla … with eight cohorts of tribute-paying Numidians and Gaetulians, where Gaius Messius was in command of the cohorts, tried long and hard; he often moved up great siege works, but these were set on fire by the townspeople and he was making no progress; then, suddenly shaken by news of the cavalry battle, he burned the grain of which he had had a supply in camp, spoiled the wine, oil and everything else usually got ready for food, abandoned Acylla, which he had been besieging, marched through Juba's kingdom, divided his forces with Scipio and withdrew to Hadrumetum.

Note. There is a gap in the text after Acyllam. cum prōficeret nihil: 'since he was making no progress'. cōpiās cum Scīpiōne partītus: partior is deponent, 'sharing out'; he handed part of his forces over to Scipio.

Vocabulary

interim (adv.)meanwhile
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
Roman numerala number written with letters: I 1, V 5, X 10, L 50, C 100, D 500, M 1000
cohors, cohortis f.cohort (a tenth of a legion); company
stīpendiārius, -a, -umpaying tribute
que, enclitic conj.and
obsideō, -sidēre, -sēdī, -sessusbeset, besiege
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
praesum, -esse, -fuībe before, preside over, have charge of, command
diū, adv.for a long time, a long time or while, long; comp
multum, -ī, n.much
experior, -īrī, expertus sumtry, test, experience
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
opus, operis, n.work, task
saepe, adv.often, frequently
admoveō, -ēre, -mōvī, -mōtusmove up, bring near
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
oppidānus, -ī m.townsman (pl. the people of the town)
incendō, -ere, -cendī, -cēnsumset on fire, burn
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
prōficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectumaccomplish, make progress
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
subitō, adv.unexpectedly, suddenly
nūntius, -ī, m.messenger; message
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
equester, -tris, -treof cavalry
proelium, -ī, n.battle, combat; proelium committere, to join battle
afferō, afferre, attulī, allātumbring, bring to; cause
commoveō, -movēre, -mōvī, -mōtusmove, rouse; disturb
frūmentum, -ī, n.grain
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
castra, -ōrum, n. plur.camp
cōpia, -ae, f.supply, abundance; plur., forces, troops
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
vīnum, -ī, n.wine
oleum, -ī n.olive oil, oil
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
vīctus, -ūs, m.sustenance, food
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
soleō, -ēre, solitus sumbe accustomed, usually do
corrumpō, -rumpere, -rūpī, -ruptusspoil, ruin, destroy; bribe
dēserō, -serere, -seruī, -sertusdesert
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
cum, prep, with abl.with
partior, -īrī, partītus sumshare out, divide
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover
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Anonymous, Bellum Africum. Latin text: B. Kübler and E. Wölfflin, C. Iulii Caesaris Commentarii, vol. III (Leipzig: Teubner, 1896–97), public domain; transcribed for this app from the Internet Archive scan. Word analysis: LatinCy, then every word checked and corrected by hand. English translation, notes and grammar hints: written for this app.