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Pliny · Epistulae X

Pliny, Letter 10.37

Nicomedia's failed aqueducts

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Ep. 10.37.1In aquae ductum, domine, Nīcomēdēnsēs impendērunt HS XXX CCCXVIII, quī imperfectus adhūc omissus, dēstrūctus etiam est;On an aqueduct, my lord, the people of Nicomedia have spent three million three hundred and eighteen thousand sesterces; it was abandoned while still unfinished, and has even been pulled down; Ep. 10.37.1rūrsus in alium ductum ērogāta sunt CC. Hōc quoque relictō novō impendiō est opus, ut aquam habeant, quī tantam pecūniam male perdidērunt.again, two hundred thousand were paid out on another aqueduct. This too has been abandoned, and new expenditure is needed if those who have wasted so much money are to have water. Ep. 10.37.2Ipse pervēnī ad fontem pūrissimum, ex quō vidētur aqua dēbēre perdūcī, sīcut initiō temptātum erat, arcuātō opere, nē tantum ad plāna cīvitātis et humilia perveniat.I have myself visited a very pure spring, from which it seems the water ought to be brought, as was attempted at the start, on an arched structure, so that it does not reach only the level and low-lying parts of the city. Ep. 10.37.2Manent adhūc paucissimī arcūs: possunt et ērigī quīdam lapide quadrātō, quī ex superiōre opere dētrāctus est;A very few arches still remain: some can also be built up from the squared stone which was removed from the earlier work; Ep. 10.37.2aliqua pars, ut mihi vidētur, testāceō opere agenda erit, id enim et facilius et vīlius.some part, as it seems to me, will have to be made of brickwork, for that is both easier and cheaper.

Ep. 10.37.3Sed in prīmīs necessārium est mittī ā tē vel aquilegem vel architectum, nē rūrsus ēveniat quod accidit.But first of all it is necessary that you send either a water engineer or an architect, so that what happened may not happen again. Ep. 10.37.3Ego illud ūnum affirmō, et ūtilitātem operis et pulchritūdinem saeculō tuō esse dignissimam.I affirm this one thing: both the usefulness and the beauty of the work are most worthy of your age.

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Grammar in this passage: gerunds and gerundives ×1, indirect statement ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (86 words)
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
aqua, -ae, f.water
ductus, -ūs m.leadership, command
dominus, -ī m.master, owner
impendō, -ere, -pendī, -pēnsusspend, devote (time, money, effort)
sēstertius, -ī m. (gen. pl. often sēstertium)a sesterce, a small silver (later brass) coin
Roman numerala number written with letters: I 1, V 5, X 10, L 50, C 100, D 500, M 1000
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
imperfectus, -a, -umunfinished, not done
adhūc, adv.to this point, up to this time, yet, still
omittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missuslet go, neglect, disregard, throw away, lose
dēstruō, -ere, -strūxī, -strūctuspull down, demolish
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
rūrsus, adv.again
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
ērogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspay out, spend
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
quoque, adv.also
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
impendium, -ī n.expense, outlay, cost
opus, operis, n.work, task
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
pecūnia, -ae, f.money (the possession of cattle constituting wealth in early times)
male, adv.badly, ill
perdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusdestroy, ruin; lose, waste
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
perveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome through, come, arrive, reach
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
fōns, fontis, m.fountain, spring
pūrus, -a, -umclean, pure; (of land) clear, unbuilt
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
dēbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusowe; with infin., ought
perdūcō, -dūcere, -dūxī, -ductuslead or bring through, lead, bring
sīcut (conj.)just as
initium, -ī, n.beginning
temptō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustry, attempt
arcuātus, -a, -umarched, covered with an arched hood
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
plānus, -a, -umflat, level
cīvitās, -tātis, f.state
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
humilis, -elow; humble, poor
maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsusremain
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
arcus, -ūs, m.bow
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
ērigō, -rigere, -rēxī, -rēctusraise or set up, raise, lift; cheer, encourage
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
lapis, -idis, m.stone
quadrātus, -a, -umsquared, square; saxum quadrātum: dressed stone
superior, -ius, adj.higher; former, previous, preceding
dētrahō, -trahere, -trāxī, -trāctusdraw or pull off
aliquī, -qua, -quod, indef. pron. adj.some, any
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
testāceus, -a, -umof brick or tile; opus testāceum: brickwork
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
enim, conj.for
facilis, -e (comp. facilior)easy
vīlis, -echeap, worthless
sed, conj.but
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
necessārius, -a, -um; as noun, -ī m.necessary, critical; (noun) close friend, relative
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missussend
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
velor; vel … vel: either … or
aquilex, -legis m.water engineer, finder of springs
architectus, -ī m.architect, master builder; designer
ēveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome out; turn out, happen, befall
accidō, -cidere, -cidīfall to or upon; befall, happen
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
affirmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusassert, declare firmly
ūtilitās, -ātis f.usefulness, advantage
pulchritūdō, -inis f.beauty
saeculum, -ī n.generation, age; century
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
dignus, -a, -um (+ abl.)worthy (of), deserving
Pliny, Epistulae X. Latin text: the Perseus digital text of Pliny's Letters, public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.