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Ovid · Metamorphoses VIII

Metamorphoses 8.796–884

Erysichthon's hunger and his daughter

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Met. 8.796Et dedit.And she gave them. Met. 8.796Illa datō subvecta per āera currū
dēvēnit in Scythiam rigidīque cacūmine montis
(Caucason appellant) serpentum colla levāvit
quaesītamque Famem lapidōsō vīdit in agrō
800unguibus et rārās vellentem dentibus herbās.
Borne up through the air on the chariot given her, she came down into Scythia, and on the summit of a rugged mountain (they call it Caucasus) she unyoked the necks of the serpents and saw Hunger, whom she sought, in a stony field, plucking the sparse grass with nails and teeth.
Met. 8.801Hirtus erat crīnis, cava lūmina, pallor in ōre,
labra incāna sitū, scabrae rūbīgine faucēs,
dūra cutis, per quam spectārī viscera possent;
Her hair was shaggy, her eyes hollow, pallor in her face, her lips white with mould, her throat rough with scurf, her skin hard, through which her innards could be seen;
Met. 8.804ossa sub incurvīs exstābant ārida lumbīs,
805ventris erat prō ventre locus, pendēre putārēs
pectus et ā spīnae tantummodo crāte tenērī.
her dry bones stood out beneath her bent loins, in place of a belly there was a place for a belly, you would think her breast was hanging and held only by the frame of her spine.

Met. 8.807Auxerat articulōs maciēs, genuumque tumēbat
orbis, et inmodicō prōdībant tūbere tālī.
Leanness had enlarged her joints, the round of her knees swelled, and her ankles stuck out in a monstrous lump.
Met. 8.809Hanc procul ut vīdit (neque enim est accēdere iūxtā
810ausa), refert mandāta deae: paulumque morāta,
quamquam aberat longē, quamquam modo vēnerat illūc,
vīsa tamen sēnsisse famem retrōque dracōnēs
ēgit in Haemoniam, versīs sublīmis habēnīs.
When the oread saw her from afar (for she did not dare to come near), she delivers the goddess's orders; and having lingered only a little, though she was far off, though she had only just come there, she yet seemed to have felt hunger, and, turning the reins, drove the dragons back on high to Haemonia.
Met. 8.814Dicta Famēs Cereris, quamvīs contrāria semper
815illīus est operī, peragit.
Hunger carries out the words of Ceres, though she is always opposed to her work.
Met. 8.815Perque āera ventō
ad iussam Dēlāta domum est et prōtinus intrat
sacrilegī thalamōs altōque sopōre solūtum
(noctis enim tempus) geminīs amplectitur ulnīs:
sēque virō īnspīrat faucēsque et pectus et ōra
820adflat et in vacuīs spargit iēiūnia vēnīs.
And she was carried by the wind through the air to the house she was bidden to, and at once enters the bedroom of the sacrilegious man, and as he lay relaxed in deep sleep (for it was night-time), she embraces him in her two arms: and she breathes herself into the man, and blows on his throat and breast and mouth, and spreads starvation through his empty veins.

Met. 8.821Fūnctaque mandātō fēcundum dēserit orbem
inque domōs inopēs adsuēta revertitur antra.
And having done her task, she leaves the fruitful world and returns to her needy home, to her familiar caves.
Met. 8.823Lēnis adhūc somnus placidīs Erysichthona pennīs
mulcēbat: petit ille dapēs sub imāgine somnī
825ōraque vāna movet dentemque in dente fatīgat
exercetque cibō dēlūsum guttur inānī
prōque epulīs tenuēs nēquīquam dēvorat aurās.
Gentle sleep was still soothing Erysichthon with its peaceful wings: in the image of sleep he seeks a feast and moves his mouth in vain and wears out tooth on tooth, and exercises his deluded gullet on empty food, and in place of a banquet devours thin air to no purpose.
Met. 8.828Ut vērō est expulsa quiēs, furit ardor edendī
perque avidās faucēs incēnsaque viscera regnat.
But when his rest was driven away, a mad craving to eat rages and reigns through his greedy throat and burning vitals.
Met. 8.830Nec mora, quod pontus, quod terra, quod ēducat āēr,
poscit et adpositīs queritur iēiūnia mēnsīs
inque epulīs epulās quaerit;
Without delay, whatever sea, whatever land, whatever air produces he demands, and complains of starvation with the tables set before him, and in the midst of feasts looks for feasts;
Met. 8.832quodque urbibus esse
quodque satis poterat populō, nōn sufficit ūnī,
plūsque cupit, quō plūra suam dēmittit in alvum.
and what could have been enough for cities, what could have been enough for a people, does not satisfy one man, and he desires more, the more he sends down into his belly.

Met. 8.835Utque fretum recipit dē tōtā flūmina terrā
nec satiātur aquīs peregrīnōsque ēbibit amnēs,
utque rapāx ignis nōn umquam alimenta recūsat
innumerāsque facēs cremat et, quō cōpia maior
est data, plūra petit turbaque vorācior ipsa est:
840sīc epulās omnēs Erysichthonis ōra profānī
accipiunt poscuntque simul.
And as the sea receives rivers from all the earth and is not sated with waters and drinks up foreign streams, and as greedy fire never refuses fuel and burns countless logs and, the greater the supply that is given, the more it seeks, and is made more voracious by the very quantity: so the mouth of impious Erysichthon receives all feasts and at the same time demands more.
Met. 8.841Cibus omnis in illō
causa cibī est, semperque locus fit inānis edendō.
All food in him is a cause of food, and by eating there is always room made empty.
Met. 8.843Iamque fame patriās altāque vorāgine ventris
attenuārat opēs, sed inattenuāta manēbat
845tum quoque dīra famēs, implācātaeque vigēbat
flamma gulae.
And now through hunger and the deep abyss of his belly he had diminished his ancestral wealth, but even then his dread hunger remained undiminished, and the flame of his unappeased gullet was in full force.

Met. 8.846Tandem, dēmissō in viscera cēnsū,
fīlia restābat, nōn illō digna parente.
At last, when his estate had been sent down into his vitals, his daughter remained, not worthy of such a parent.
Met. 8.848Hanc quoque vēndit inops.Destitute, he sells her too. Met. 8.848Dominum generōsa recūsat
et vīcīna suās tendēns super aequora palmās
850"ēripe mē dominō;
The high-born girl refuses a master, and stretching her palms out over the neighbouring sea, says: 'Snatch me from my master;
Met. 8.850quī raptae praemia nōbīs
virginitātis habēs" ait.
you who have from me the prize of my ravished virginity.'
Met. 8.851Haec Neptūnus habēbat.Neptune had that prize. Met. 8.852Quī prece nōn sprētā, quamvīs modo vīsa sequentī
esset erō, fōrmamque novat vultumque virīlem
induit et cultūs piscem capientibus aptōs.
He did not scorn her prayer, and, though she had just been seen by her master following her, he renews her form and puts on her a man's face and dress suited to those who catch fish.
Met. 8.855Hanc dominus spectāns "ō quī pendentia parvō
aera cibō cēlās, moderātor harundinis," inquit
"sīc mare compositum, sīc sit tibi piscis in undā
crēdulus et nūllōs, nisi fīxus, sentiat hāmōs:
quae modo cum vīlī turbātīs veste capillīs
860lītore in hōc steterat (nam stantem in lītore vīdī),
dīc ubi sit: neque enim vestīgia longius exstant."
Her master, looking at her, said: 'O you who hide the hanging bronze hook with a little bait, ruler of the rod, so may the sea be calm for you, so may the fish in the water be trusting, and feel no hooks until it is caught: tell me where she is, the girl who stood on this shore just now with a cheap dress and dishevelled hair (for I saw her standing on the shore): for her footprints go no further.'
Met. 8.862Illa deī mūnus bene cēdere sēnsit et ā sē
sē quaerī gaudēns, hīs est resecūta rogantem:
"Quisquis es, ignōscās;
She realised that the god's gift was working well, and, glad to be asked about herself, answered his question with these words: 'Whoever you are, forgive me;
Met. 8.864in nūllam lūmina partem
865gurgite ab hōc flexī studiōque operātus inhaesī.
I have turned my eyes in no direction away from this water, and, busy at my pursuit, I have kept fixed to it.

Met. 8.866Quōque minus dubitēs, sīc hās deus aequoris artēs
adiuvet, ut nēmō iamdūdum lītore in istō,
mē tamen exceptō, nec fēmina cōnstitit ūlla."
And so that you may doubt it less, so may the god of the sea help these arts of mine, as no man has stood on this shore for a long time, except for me, and no woman either.'
Met. 8.869Crēdidit et versō dominus pede pressit harēnam
870ēlūsusque abiit: illī sua reddita fōrma est.
Her master believed it, and, turning his foot, trod the sand and went away deceived: her own form was given back to her.
Met. 8.871Ast ubi habēre suam trānsfōrmia corpora sēnsit,
saepe pater dominīs Triopēida trādit.
But when her father realised that his daughter had a body that could be transformed, he often hands over the granddaughter of Triopas to masters.
Met. 8.872At illa
nunc equa, nunc āles, modo bōs, modo cervus abībat
praebēbatque avidō nōn iūsta alimenta parentī.
But she would go away, now a mare, now a bird, now a cow, now a deer, and provided unjust nourishment for her greedy father.

Met. 8.875Vīs tamen illa malī postquam cōnsūmpserat omnem
māteriam dederatque gravī nova pābula morbō,
ipse suōs artūs lacerō dīvellere morsū
coepit et īnfēlīx minuendō corpus alēbat.
Yet after the violence of that evil had consumed all the material and had given new fodder to the grave disease, he himself began to tear his own limbs apart with mangling bites, and, unhappy man, fed his body by diminishing it.
Met. 8.879Quid moror externīs?Why do I linger on others? Met. 8.879Etiam mihi nempe novandī est
880corporis, ō iuvenis, numerō fīnīta potestās.
I too, young man, have the power of changing my body, though it is limited in number.
Met. 8.881Nam modo quī nunc sum videor, modo flector in anguem,
armentī modo dux vīrēs in cornua sūmō, —
cornua, dum potuī!
For now I seem what I am now, now I am bent into a snake, now as leader of the herd I take my strength into my horns, — horns, while I could!
Met. 8.883nunc pars caret altera tēlō
frontis, ut ipse vidēs."
now one side of my brow lacks its weapon, as you yourself see.'
Met. 8.884Gemitūs sunt verba secūtī.Groans followed his words.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×4, indirect statement ×5, gerunds and gerundives ×4, purpose clauses ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (377 words)
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
subvehō, -ere, -vēxī, -vectumbring up (by water)
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
āēr, āeris, m.air
currus, -ūs, m.chariot, car
dēveniō, -īre, dēvēnī, dēventumcome, arrive
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
rigidus, -a, -umstiff, hard, unbending
que, enclitic conj.and
cacūmen, -minis n.top, tip, point
mōns, montis, m.mountain
appellō, -pellāre, -pellāvī, -pellātuscall, name
serpēns, -entis, f.serpent
collum, -ī, n.neck
levō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslift; lighten, relieve
quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītusseek; ask, inquire
famēs, -is, abl. famē, f.hunger
lapidōsus, -a, -umstony; hard as stone, gritty
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
ager, agri, m.field, land
unguis, -is m.fingernail, nail; claw
rārus, -a, -umscattered, few
vellō, -ere, vellī, vulsumpluck, pull
dēns, dentis, m.tooth
herba, -ae, f.herb, plant
hirtus, -a, -umhairy, shaggy; rough
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
crīnis, -is m.hair, a lock of hair
cavus, -a, -umhollow
lūmen, -minis, n.light
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
labrum, -ī n.lip
incānus, -a, -umgrey, hoary
situs, -a, -umplaced, situated
scaber, -bra, -brumrough, scaly; scabby, mangy
rōbīgō (rūbīgō), -inis f.rust; blight; (figuratively) corrupting taint
faucēs, -ium f. pl.throat; narrow pass, gorge
dūrus, -a, -umhard; harsh; difficult
cutis, -is f.skin
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
spectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslook at or on
viscus, -eris n. (usu. pl. viscera)inner organs, vitals; the heart, the core
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
sub, prep. with acc. and abl.under; sub vesperum, towards evening
incurvus, -a, -umbent, curved, crooked
exstō, -ārestand out; appear, arise
āridus, -a, -umdry; as a noun (āridum, -ī n.): dry land
lumbus, -ī m.loin, waist
venter, ventris, m.belly
prō, prep. with abl.before, in front of; for, in behalf of; for, as; in return for, for
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
pendeō, -ēre, pependīhang, be suspended; hover
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
pectus, pectoris, n.breast
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
spīna, -ae f.thorn, thornbush
tantummodo (adv.)only, just
crātis, -is f.wickerwork, hurdle
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
augeō, -ēre, auxī, auctumincrease, enlarge
articulus, -ī m.joint
maciēs, -ēī f.leanness, thinness, wasting
genū, -ūs n.knee
tumeō, -ēreswell, be swollen
orbis, -is, m.circle; orbis terrae or terrārum, circle of the earth or lands, earth, world
immodicus (inmodicus), -a, -umimmoderate, excessive, huge
prōdeō, -īre, prōdiī, prōditumgo forward, come out
tūber, -eris n.swelling, lump, wen
tālus, -ī m.ankle
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
enim, conj.for
accēdō, -ere, accessī, accessumcome near, approach; be added
iūxtā (adv. and prep. + acc.)nearby; next to
audeō, audēre, ausus sumdare
referō, referre, rettulī, relātusbring or carry back, return; pedem referre, to draw back, retire, retreat; grātiam referre, see grātia
mandātum, -ī n.order, instruction, message
dea, -ae f.goddess
paulum, adv.a little, somewhat
moror, -ārī, -ātusdelay, linger, stay
quamquam, conj.however much, although
absum, abesse, āfuī, āfutūrusbe away, be absent, be distant; be wanting
longē, adv.far
modo, adv.only
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
illūc (adv.)to that place, there
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsusperceive, feel
retrō (adv.)backwards, behind, from behind
dracō, -ōnis, m.dragon, serpent
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
sublīmis, -ehigh, lofty; in sublīme: up on high
habēna, -ae f.rein
dictum, -ī n.word, order (dictō audiēns: obedient)
quamvīs (adv.)however much, as … as you like
contrārius, -a, -umopposite, facing
semper, adv.always
opus, operis, n.work, task
peragō, -ere, -ēgī, -āctumcarry through, complete
ventus, -ī, m.wind
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussusbid, order, command
dēferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātusbear or carry away or off
domus, -ūs, f.house, home
prōtinus (adv.)straight on; at once
intrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusgo within or into, enter
sacrilegus, -a, -umtemple-robbing; as noun: a temple robber, a sacrilegious person
thalamus, -ī m.bedroom; marriage bed; marriage
altus, -a, -umhigh, deep; altum, -ī, n., the deep
sopor, -ōris m.deep sleep
solvō, solvere, solvī, solūtusloosen, unbind, release; pay; with or without nāvem, cast off, set sail, put to sea
nox, noctis, f.night
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
amplector, -plectī, -plexus sumembrace, hug; welcome, adopt
ulna, -ae f.forearm, arm; an ell (measure of length)
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
vir, virī, m.man
īnspīrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbreathe into, blow into
afflō (adflō), -āre, -āvī, -ātumbreathe on
vacuus, -a, -umempty
spargō, spargere, sparsī, sparsusscatter, sprinkle
iēiūnium, -ī n.fasting, a fast
vēna, -ae f.vein
fungor, fungī, fūnctus sum (+ abl.)perform, carry out, discharge
fēcundus, -a, -umfruitful, rich (in)
dēserō, -serere, -seruī, -sertusdesert
inops, -opispoor, needy
assuēscō, -ere, -suēvī, -suētusbecome accustomed, get used to
revertor, -vertī, -versus, perf. act. -vertīturn back, return
antrum, -ī, n.cave
lēnis, -egentle
adhūc, adv.to this point, up to this time, yet, still
somnus, -ī, m.sleep, drowsiness
placidus, -a, -umcalm, gentle
penna, -ae f.feather; (pl.) wings
mulceō, -ēre, mulsī, mulsusstroke; soothe, calm
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
daps, dapis f.sacrificial feast, banquet
imāgō, -inis f.likeness, image, portrait
vānus, -a, -umempty, idle, vain; in vanum: in vain
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
fatīgō, -āre, -āvī, -ātustire, wear out
exerceō, -ercēre, -ercuī, -ercitusexercise
cibus, -ī, m.food
dēlūdō, -ere, -lūsī, -lūsusdeceive, mock
guttur, -uris n.throat
inānis, -eempty
epulae, -ārum f. pl.feast, banquet
tenuis, -ethin
nēquīquam (adv.)in vain, without reason
dēvorō, -vorāre, -vorāvī, -vorātusswallow down, swallow, devour
aura, -ae, f.air, breeze
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
expellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive out, expel
quiēs, quiētis, f.rest, repose
furō, -ererage, rave, be mad
ardor, -ōris m.blaze, fire, glow; ardor caelī: a light in the sky
edō, ēsse (edere), ēdī, ēsumeat
avidus, -a, -umeager, greedy (for: gen.)
incendō, -ere, -cendī, -cēnsumset on fire, burn
regnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusreign, rule
mora, -ae, f.delay
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
ēducō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusbring up, rear, raise (children)
poscō, poscere, poposcīask, demand
appōnō (adpōnō), -ere, -posuī, -positusplace beside, set before; serve (food)
queror, -ī, questus sumcomplain
mēnsa, -ae f.table
urbs, urbis, f.city
satis, adv.enough, sufficiently
populus, -ī m.people, nation
nōn, adv.not
sufficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectusbe enough, hold out; supply
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
plūs (adv.)more
cupiō, -ere, -īvī, -ītusdesire, long for, wish
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
plūrēs, -a, plur. adj.more, many, several
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
dēmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend down, let fall; animōs dēmittere, to lose courage
alvus, -ī f.belly, womb; hollow
fretum, -ī, n.strait
recipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake or get back, recover; sē recipere, to betake oneself, withdraw; to collect oneself, recover
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
flūmen, -minis, n.river
satiō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusfill, satisfy; satiārī, eat one's fill
aqua, -ae, f.water
peregrīnus, -ī, m.stranger, foreigner
ēbibō, -bibere, -bibīdrink up, drain
amnis, -is m.river
rapāx, -ācisravenous, grasping, rapacious
ignis, -is, m.fire
umquam, adv.ever
alimentum, -ī n.food, nourishment
recūsō, -cūsāre, -cūsāvī, -cūsātusgive a reason against, refuse
innumerus, -a, -umcountless
fax, facis, f.torch, firebrand
cremō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumburn
cōpia, -ae, f.supply, abundance; plur., forces, troops
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
turba, -ae f.crowd
vorāx, -ācisgreedy, devouring
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
sīc, adv.so, thus
omnis, -eall, every
profānus, -a, -umnot sacred, common, profane
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
iam, adv.now, already
patrius, -a, -umof one's fathers, ancestral
vorāgō, -inis f.chasm, abyss, whirlpool
attenuō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake thin, weaken, wear away
ops, opis f.; pl. opēs, -umhelp; (pl.) resources, wealth, power
sed, conj.but
inattenuātus, -a, -umundiminished, unabated
maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsusremain
tum, adv.then, at that time
quoque, adv.also
dīrus, -a, -umdreadful
implācātus, -a, -umunappeased, insatiable
vigeō, -ēre, -uībe strong, thrive, flourish
flamma, -ae, f.flame
gula, -ae f.throat, gullet
tandem, adv.at length or last, finally
cēnsus, -ūs m.count, census
fīlia, -ae, f.daughter
restō, -āre, restitīstay behind, remain
dignus, -a, -um (+ abl.)worthy (of), deserving
parēns, -entis m./f.parent
vēndō, -ere, vēndidī, vēnditumsell
dominus, -ī m.master, owner
generōsus, -a, -umof good family, well-born
vīcīnus, -ī m.neighbor
tendō, -ere, tetendī, tentumstretch out; hold out
super (prep. + acc. or abl.; also adv.)over, above, on top of; upon; about, concerning
aequor, -oris n.level surface; the sea
palma, -ae f.palm of the hand; flat spreading branch
ēripiō, -ripere, -ripuī, -reptussnatch out or away, rescue
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
rapiō, -ere, -uī, -tusseize, snatch
praemium, -ī, n.reward
nōsplur. of ego
virginitās, -ātis f.virginity, maidenhood
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushave, hold; consider
āiō (defective)say, affirm; ut aiunt: as they say
prex, precis f. (usu. pl.)prayer, entreaty
spernō, spernere, sprēvī, sprētusdespise, scorn
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
erus, -ī m.master, owner
fōrma, -ae, f.form, appearance; beauty
novō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake new; rēs novāre: bring about a revolution
vultus, -ūs m.face, expression
virīlis, -eof a man, male; n. pl. as noun: a man's private parts
induō, induere, induī, indūtusput on; clothe
cultus, -ūs m.way of life; civilization, refinement
piscis, -is m.fish
capiō, capere, cēpī, captustake, catch, seize; receive, suffer; adopt
aptus, -a, -umfit, suited
ō (interj.)O! oh!
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
aes, aeris, n.copper, bronze
cēlō, -āre, -āvī, -ātushide, conceal
moderātor, -ōris m.director, governor, ruler
harundō (arundō), -inis f.reed, cane
inquam, inquis, inquit, defective verbI say, you say, he says
mare, maris, n.sea
compōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput together; mend, set in order
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
unda, -ae, f.wave
crēdulus, -a, -umtrusting, credulous, too ready to believe
nūllus, -a, -umnot any, none, no
nisi, conj.if not, unless
fīgō, fīgere, fīxī, fīxusfix, fasten, plant firmly
hāmus, -ī m.hook, barb
cum, prep, with abl.with
vīlis, -echeap, worthless
turbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconfuse, throw into disorder, disturb, trouble
vestis, -is, f.clothing, dress, robe
capillus, -ī m.hair
lītus, lītoris, n.shore
stō, stāre, stetī, statusstand
nam, conj.for
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
vestīgium, -ī, n.track, foot-print
deus, -ī, m.god
mūnus, mūneris, n.service, office, duty; present, gift
bene, adv.well; successfully
cēdō, -ere, cessī, cessumgo, withdraw, give way
gaudeō, gaudēre, gāvīsusbe glad, rejoice
resequor, -sequī, -secūtus sumanswer, reply
rogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusask
quisquis, quidquid (quicquid)whoever, whatever
ignōscō, -ere, ignōvī, ignōtum (+ dat.)pardon, forgive
pars, partis, f.part, side, direction
gurges, -itis m.whirlpool; the deep, the sea
flectō, -ere, flexī, flexusbend, turn
studium, -ī, n.eagerness, zeal; study, pursuit
operor, -ārī, -ātus sumwork, be at work; be active
inhaereō, -ēre, -haesī, -haesuscling to, stick fast
minus, comp. adv.less
dubitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdoubt, hesitate
ars, artis, f.art
adiuvō, -āre, adiūvī, adiūtumhelp, assist
nēmō, nēminis, m. and f.no one, nobody
iamdūdum (adv.)long since; for a long time now
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
excipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake out or up, receive, welcome, entertain
fēmina, -ae, f.woman
cōnsistō, -sistere, -stitī, -stitusstation oneself, take one's stand; consist
ūllus, -a, -umany
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
pēs, pedis, m.foot
premō, premere, pressī, pressuspress, check, restrain
harēna, -ae, f.sand; shore
ēlūdō, -ere, -lūsī, -lūsusmock, make sport of; elude
abeō, -īre, -iī, -itūrusgo away, depart
reddō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive back, return, restore; render
ast (conj.)but (older form of at)
trānsfōrmis, -echanging shape, transformed
corpus, corporis, n.body
saepe, adv.often, frequently
pater, patris, m.father
trādō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive across, over, or up, deliver; hand down, relate, report
at, conj.but
nunc, adv.now
equa, -ae f.mare
āles, ālitis m./f.bird (especially a bird of omen)
bōs, bovis, gen. plur. boum, dat. and abl. plur. bōbus, m. and f.ox, bull, cow
cervus, -ī, m.stag
praebeō, -ēre, -uī, -itushold forth, supply, furnish, give; show, present, exhibit
iūstus, -a, -umjust
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
malum, -ī, n.evil, mischief
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
cōnsūmō, -sūmere, -sūmpsī, -sūmptustake completely, use up, consume, spend
māteria, -ae f.timber, material
gravis, -eheavy; severe, grievous, serious
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
pābulum, -ī, n.food, fodder
morbus, -ī m.sickness, disease
artūs, -uum m. pl.joints; limbs, body
lacer, -era, -erumtorn, mangled
dīvellō, -vellere, -vellī, -vulsustear apart, rend asunder, tear in pieces
morsus, -ūs m.bite; jaws
coepī, coepisse, coeptus (used in tenses of completed action)have begun, began
īnfēlīx, -fēlīcis, adj.unhappy, unfortunate
minuō, -ere, minuī, minūtumlessen, reduce
alō, -ere, -uī, -tusnourish
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
externus, -a, -umoutside, foreign
etiam, adv.and now, also, too, even
nempe (adv.)of course, surely, to be sure
iuvenis, -is, m.young man, youth
numerus, -ī, m.number
fīniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusbound, limit; end
potestās, -ātis f.power, authority
anguis, -is, m. and f.serpent, snake
armentum, -ī n.herd (of cattle)
dux, ducis, m. and f.leader, commander
cornū, -ūs, n.horn
sūmō, sūmere, sūmpsī, sūmptustake under or up, take; poenam sūmere, to exact or inflict punishment
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
careō, -ēre, -uībe without, lack (+ abl.)
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
tēlum, -ī, n.missile, spear, weapon
frōns, frontis, f.forehead
gemitus, -ūs m.groan, sigh
verbum, -ī, n.word
Ovid, Metamorphoses VIII. Latin text: H. Magnus, Die Metamorphosen des P. Ovidius Naso (Gotha, 1892), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.