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Ovid · Metamorphoses VII

Metamorphoses 7.1–158

Medea's love and the Golden Fleece

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Met. 7.1Iamque fretum Minyae Pagasaeā puppe secābant,
perpetuāque trahēns inopem sub nocte senectam
Phīneus vīsus erat, iuvenēsque Aquilōne creātī
virgineās volucrēs miserī senis ōre fugārant,
5multaque perpessī clārō sub Iāsone tandem
contigerant rapidās līmōsī Phāsidos undās.
And now the Minyans were cutting through the strait in the Pagasaean ship; Phineus, dragging out a helpless old age under perpetual night, had been seen, and the young men born of the North Wind had chased the maiden birds from the wretched old man's face; and having endured much under glorious Jason, they had at last reached the swift waters of muddy Phasis.
Met. 7.7Dumque adeunt rēgem Phrixēaque vellera poscunt
lēxque datur Minyīs magnōrum horrenda labōrum,
concipit intereā validōs Aeētias ignēs
10et luctāta diū, postquam ratiōne furōrem
vincere nōn poterat, "frūstrā Mēdēa, repugnās:
nesciō Quis deus obstat" ait;
And while they approach the king and demand the fleece of Phrixus, and the Minyans are given a terrifying condition of mighty labours, meanwhile the daughter of Aeetes conceives a powerful fire, and after struggling long, when she could not conquer her frenzy by reason, she says: 'In vain, Medea, do you resist: some god or other stands in the way;
Met. 7.12"mīrumque, nisi hoc est,
aut aliquid certē simile huic, quod amāre vocātur.
'and it would be a wonder if this is not what is called loving, or at least something like it.

Met. 7.14Nam cūr iussa patris nimium mihi dūra videntur?For why do my father's commands seem to me too harsh? Met. 7.15Sunt quoque dūra nimis.And indeed they are too harsh. Met. 7.15Cūr, quem modo dēnique vīdī,
nē pereat, timeō?
Why do I fear that one whom I have only just now seen may perish?
Met. 7.16quae tantī causa timōris?What is the cause of so great a fear? Met. 7.17Excute virgineō conceptās pectore flammās,
sī potes, īnfēlīx!
Shake out the flames conceived in your maiden heart, if you can, unhappy girl!
Met. 7.18— Sī possem, sānior essem.— If I could, I would be saner. Met. 7.19Sed trahit invītam nova vīs, aliudque cupīdō,
20mēns aliud suādet.
But a new force drags me against my will, and desire urges one thing, reason another.
Met. 7.20Videō meliōra probōque,
dēteriōra sequor.
I see the better course and approve it; I follow the worse.
Met. 7.21Quid in hospite, rēgia virgō,
ūreris et thalamōs aliēnī concipis orbis?
Why, royal maiden, do you burn for a stranger and dream of marriage in a foreign world?
Met. 7.23Haec quoque terra potest, quod amēs, dare.This land too can give you something to love.

Met. 7.23Vīvat an ille
occidat, in dīs est.
Whether he lives or dies is in the hands of the gods.
Met. 7.24Vīvat tamen!Yet let him live! Met. 7.24idque precārī
25vel sine amōre licet: quid enim commīsit Iāsōn?
and I may pray for that even without love: for what wrong has Jason done?
Met. 7.26Quem, nisi crūdēlem, nōn tangat Iāsonis aetās
et genus et virtūs?
Whom, unless he were cruel, would Jason's youth and birth and courage not touch?
Met. 7.27Quem nōn, ut cētera dēsint,
ōre movēre potest?
Whom, though all else were lacking, could he not move with his face?
Met. 7.28Certē mea pectora mōvit.He has certainly moved my heart. Met. 7.29At nisi opem tulerō, taurōrum adflābitur ōre
30concurretque suae segetī, tellūre creātīs
hostibus, aut avidō dabitur fera praeda dracōnī.
But unless I bring help, he will be breathed upon by the bulls' mouths, and will clash with his own crop, enemies created from the earth, or will be given as wild prey to the greedy dragon.
Met. 7.32Hoc ego sī patiar, tum mē dē tigride nātam,
tum ferrum et scopulōs gestāre in corde fatēbor.
If I allow this, then I shall confess that I was born of a tigress, then that I carry iron and rocks in my heart.

Met. 7.34Cūr nōn et spectō pereuntem oculōsque videndō
35cōnscelerō?
Why do I not also watch him perish, and defile my eyes by seeing it?
Met. 7.35Cūr nōn taurōs exhortor in illum
terrigenāsque ferōs īnsōpītumque dracōnem?
Why do I not urge on the bulls against him, and the savage earthborn men, and the sleepless dragon?
Met. 7.37Dī meliōra velint.May the gods will better things. Met. 7.37Quamquam nōn ista precanda,
sed facienda mihi.
And yet these things are not to be prayed for, but done, by me.
Met. 7.38— Prōdamne ego regna parentis,
atque ope nesciō Quis servābitur advena nostrā,
40ut per mē sōspes sine mē det lintea ventīs
virque sit alterīus, poenae Mēdēa relinquar?
— Am I to betray my father's kingdom, and shall some stranger or other be saved by my help, so that, kept safe through me, he may give his sails to the winds without me and be another woman's husband, while I, Medea, am left for punishment?
Met. 7.42Sī facere hoc aliamve potest praepōnere nōbīs,
occidat ingrātus.
If he can do this, or prefer another woman to me, let the ingrate die.

Met. 7.43Sed nōn is vultus in illō,
nōn ea nōbilitās animō est, ea grātia fōrmae,
45ut timeam fraudem meritīque oblīvia nostrī.
But that is not the look on his face, there is not such nobility in his soul, such grace in his form, that I should fear deceit and forgetfulness of what I have done for him.
Met. 7.46Et dabit ante fidem, cōgamque in foedera testēs
esse deōs.
And he will give his pledge beforehand, and I shall compel the gods to be witnesses to our compact.
Met. 7.47Quid tūta timēs?Why do you fear what is safe? Met. 7.47accingere et omnem
pelle moram: tibi sē semper dēbēbit Iāsōn,
tē face sollemnī iunget sibi, perque Pelasgās
50servātrīx urbēs mātrum celebrābere turbā.
gird yourself and drive off all delay: Jason will owe himself to you for ever, he will join you to himself with the solemn torch, and throughout the Pelasgian cities you will be celebrated by crowds of mothers as their saviour.
Met. 7.51Ergō ego germānam frātremque patremque deōsque
et nātāle sōlum, ventīs ablāta, relinquam?
Shall I then leave my sister and brother and father and gods and native soil, carried off by the winds?

Met. 7.53Nempe pater saevus, nempe est mea barbara tellūs,
frāter adhūc īnfāns: stant mēcum vōta sorōris,
55maximus intrā mē deus est.
Of course my father is savage, of course my land is barbarous, my brother still an infant: my sister's prayers stand with me, the greatest god is within me.
Met. 7.55Nōn magna relinquam,
magna sequar: titulum servātae pūbis Achīvae
nōtitiamque locī meliōris et oppida, quōrum
hīc quoque fāma viget, cultūsque artēsque locōrum;
I shall not be leaving great things, I shall be pursuing great things: the glory of having saved the Achaean youth, and knowledge of a better place, and towns whose fame flourishes even here, and the culture and arts of those places;
Met. 7.59quemque ego cum rēbus, quās tōtus possidet orbis,
60Aesonidēn mūtāsse velim;
and the son of Aeson, whom I would choose to have in exchange for all the riches the whole world possesses;
Met. 7.60quō coniuge fēlīx
et dīs cāra ferar et vertice sīdera tangam.
with him as my husband I shall be called happy and dear to the gods, and shall touch the stars with my head.

Met. 7.62Quid, quod nesciō quī mediīs concurrere in undīs
dīcuntur montēs, ratibusque inimīca Charybdis
nunc sorbēre fretum, nunc reddere, cinctaque saevīs
65Scylla rapāx canibus Siculō lātrāre profundō?
What of the fact that some mountains or other are said to clash together in the midst of the waves, and that Charybdis, hostile to ships, now sucks in the sea, now gives it back, and greedy Scylla, girt with savage dogs, barks in the Sicilian deep?
Met. 7.66Nempe tenēns, quod amō, gremiōque in Iāsonis haerēns
per freta longa ferar: nihil illum amplexa verēbor
aut, sīquid metuam, metuam dē coniuge sōlō.
Of course, holding what I love and clinging in Jason's lap, I shall be borne over long seas: in his embrace I shall fear nothing, or, if I fear anything, I shall fear for my husband alone.
Met. 7.68—Coniugiumne vocās speciōsaque nōmina culpae
70impōnis, Mēdēa, tuae?
— Do you call it marriage, Medea, and put fine names on your guilt?
Met. 7.70Quīn adspice, quantum
adgrediāre nefās, et, dum licet, effuge crīmen."
Rather, look how great a wickedness you are approaching, and, while you may, flee the crime.'
Met. 7.72Dīxit, et ante oculōs rēctum pietāsque pudorque
cōnstiterant, et victa dabat iam terga Cupīdō.
She spoke, and before her eyes stood right and duty and shame, and Love, defeated, was already turning his back.

Met. 7.74Ībat ad antīquās Hecatēs Persēidos ārās,
75quās nemus umbrōsum sēcrētaque silva tegēbat.
She was going to the ancient altars of Hecate, daughter of Perses, which a shady grove and a secret wood concealed.
Met. 7.76Et iam fortis erat pulsusque resēderat ardor,
cum videt Aesonidēn exstīnctaque flamma relūxit.
And now she was resolute and her passion, driven back, had subsided, when she sees the son of Aeson, and the extinguished flame blazed up again.
Met. 7.78Ērubuēre genae, tōtōque recanduit ōre,
utque solet ventīs alimenta adsūmere quaeque
80parva sub inductā latuit scintilla favillā
crēscere et in veterēs agitāta resurgere vīrēs,
sīc iam lentus amor, iam quem languēre putārēs,
ut vīdit iuvenem, speciē praesentis inarsit.
Her cheeks reddened, and her whole face glowed once more; and as a little spark which has lain hidden beneath a covering of ash is wont to take nourishment from the winds, and to grow, and, stirred up, to rise again to its old strength, so her love, now slack, which you would have thought was languishing, as soon as she saw the young man, blazed up at the sight of him before her.

Met. 7.84Et cāsū solitō fōrmōsior Aesone nātus
85illā lūce fuit: possēs ignōscere amantī.
And by chance the son of Aeson was more handsome than usual that day: you could have pardoned her for loving.
Met. 7.86Spectat et in vultū velutī tum dēnique vīsō
lūmina fīxa tenet nec sē mortālia dēmēns
ōra vidēre putat, nec sē dēclīnat ab illō.
She gazes, and keeps her eyes fixed on his face as if she were only then seeing it, and in her madness does not think it is a mortal face she sees, nor does she turn herself away from him.
Met. 7.89Ut vērō coepitque loquī dextramque prehendit
90hospes et auxilium submissā vōce rogāvit
prōmīsitque torum, lacrimīs ait illa profūsīs:
"Quid faciam, videō (nōn ignōrantia vērī
dēcipiet, sed amor): servābere mūnere nostrō;
But when the stranger began to speak, and took her right hand, and with lowered voice asked for help and promised marriage, she said, with tears pouring out: 'I see what I am doing (it is not ignorance of the truth that will deceive me, but love): you will be saved by my gift;
Met. 7.94servātus prōmissa datō."once saved, give what you have promised.' Met. 7.94Per sacra trifōrmis
95ille deae, lūcōque foret quod nūmen in illō,
perque patrem socerī cernentem cūncta futūrī
ēventūsque suōs et tanta perīcula iūrat.
He swears by the rites of the three-formed goddess, and by whatever divinity there was in that grove, and by the all-seeing father of his future father-in-law, and by his own fortunes and such great perils.

Met. 7.98Crēditus accēpit cantātās prōtinus herbās
ēdidicitque ūsum, laetusque in tēcta recessit.
Believed, he at once received the enchanted herbs and learned their use, and went back joyful to his lodging.
Met. 7.100Postera dēpulerat stellās aurōra micantēs:
conveniunt populī sacrum Māvortis in arvum
cōnsistuntque iugīs.
The next dawn had driven away the twinkling stars: the people gather on the sacred field of Mars and take their stand on the ridges.
Met. 7.102Mediō rēx ipse resēdit
agmine purpureus scēptrōque īnsignis eburnō.
The king himself sat down in the middle of the throng, clad in purple and distinguished by his ivory sceptre.
Met. 7.104Ecce adamantēīs Vulcānum nāribus efflant
105aeripedēs taurī, tāctaeque vapōribus herbae
ārdent;
Look, the bronze-footed bulls breathe out Vulcan's fire from adamantine nostrils, and the grass, touched by the vapours, burns;
Met. 7.106utque solent plēnī resonāre camīnī,
aut ubi terrēnā silicēs fornāce solūtī
concipiunt ignem liquidārum adspergine aquārum,
pectora sīc intus clausās volventia flammās
110gutturaque ūsta sonant.
and as full furnaces roar, or as flints, dissolved in an earthen kiln, catch fire at a sprinkling of liquid water, so their chests, rolling flames shut up within, and their scorched throats roar.

Met. 7.110Tamen illīs Aesone nātus
obvius it.
Yet the son of Aeson goes to meet them.
Met. 7.111Vertēre trucēs venientis ad ōra
terribilēs vultūs praefīxaque cornua ferrō,
pulvereumque sōlum pede pulsāvēre bisulcō
fūmificīsque locum mūgītibus implēvērunt.
As he came, they turned their fierce, terrible faces towards him, and their iron-tipped horns, and pawed the dusty ground with cloven hooves, and filled the place with smoky bellowing.
Met. 7.115Dēriguēre metū Minyae: subit ille, nec ignēs
sentit anhēlātōs (tantum medicāmina possunt),
pendulaque audācī mulcet paleāria dextrā,
suppositōsque iugō pondus grave cōgit arātrī
dūcere et īnsuētum ferrō prōscindere campum.
The Minyans stiffened with fear: he goes up to them, and does not feel the fire they breathe (so great is the power of drugs), and strokes their hanging dewlaps with a bold right hand, and, setting them under the yoke, compels them to draw the heavy weight of the plough and to cleave the field unused to iron.
Met. 7.120Mīrantur Colchī, Minyae clamōribus augent
adiciuntque animōs.
The Colchians marvel; the Minyans increase his courage with their shouts and add to it.

Met. 7.121Galeā tum sūmit aēnā
vīpereōs dentēs et arātōs spargit in agrōs.
Then from a bronze helmet he takes the serpent's teeth and scatters them over the ploughed fields.
Met. 7.123Sēmina mollit humus validō praetīncta venēnō,
et crēscunt fīuntque satī nova corpora dentēs.
The earth softens the seeds, steeped beforehand in potent poison, and the sown teeth grow and become new bodies.
Met. 7.125Utque hominis speciem māternā sūmit in alvō
perque suōs intus numerōs compōnitur īnfāns,
nec nisi mātūrus commūnēs exit in aurās,
sīc ubi visceribus gravidae tellūris imāgō
effecta est hominis, fētō cōnsurgit in arvō,
130quodque magis mīrum est, simul ēdita concutit arma.
And as an infant takes on human form in its mother's womb, and is put together within in all its proportions, and does not come out into the common air until it is ripe, so, when the image of a man has been completed in the bowels of the pregnant earth, it rises up in the teeming field, and, what is more wonderful, clashes arms brought forth with it.
Met. 7.131Quōs ubi vīdērunt praeacūtae cuspidis hastās
in caput Haemoniī iuvenis torquēre parantēs,
dēmīsēre metū vultumque animumque Pelasgī.
When the Pelasgians saw them preparing to hurl spears with sharpened points at the head of the Haemonian youth, they lowered their faces and their spirits in fear.

Met. 7.134Ipsa quoque extimuit, quae tūtum fēcerat illum;She too was afraid, who had made him safe; Met. 7.135utque petī vīdit iuvenem tot ab hostibus ūnum,
palluit et subitō sine sanguine frīgida sēdit;
and when she saw the young man, one alone, attacked by so many enemies, she paled and suddenly sat cold and bloodless;
Met. 7.137nēve parum valeant ā sē data grāmina, carmen
auxiliāre canit sēcrētāsque advocat artēs.
and lest the herbs she had given should have too little strength, she chants a helping spell and calls up her secret arts.
Met. 7.139Ille gravem mediōs silicem iaculātus in hostēs
140ā sē dēpulsum Mārtem convertit in ipsōs.
He, hurling a heavy stone into the midst of his enemies, turned the war away from himself against themselves.
Met. 7.141Terrigenae pereunt per mūtua vulnera frātrēs
cīvīlīque cadunt aciē.
The earthborn brothers die by each other's wounds and fall in civil battle.
Met. 7.142Grātantur Achīvī
victōremque tenent avidīsque amplexibus haerent.
The Achaeans congratulate him, hold the victor fast, and cling to him in eager embraces.
Met. 7.144Tū quoque victōrem complectī, barbara, vellēs:
sed tē, nē facerēs, tenuit reverentia fāmae.
You too, barbarian girl, would have liked to embrace the victor: but regard for your good name held you back from doing so.

Met. 7.147Quod licet, adfectū tacitō laetāris agisque
carminibus grātēs et dīs auctōribus hōrum.
As far as you may, you rejoice with silent feeling, and give thanks to your spells and to the gods who were their authors.
Met. 7.149Pervigilem superest herbīs sōpīre dracōnem,
150quī cristā linguīsque tribus praesignis et uncīs
dentibus horrendus custōs erat arboris aureae.
It remains to put to sleep with herbs the ever-wakeful dragon, which, marked out by its crest and three tongues and dreadful with its hooked teeth, was the guardian of the golden tree.
Met. 7.152Hunc postquam sparsit Lēthaeī grāmine sūcī
verbaque ter dīxit placidōs facientia somnōs,
quae mare turbātum, quae concita flūmina sistunt,
155somnus in ignōtōs oculōs sibi venit, et aurō
hērōs Aesonius potītur spoliōque superbus
mūneris auctōrem sēcum, spolia altera, portāns
victor Iōlciacōs tetigit cum coniuge portūs.
After she had sprinkled it with the herb of Lethaean juice and three times spoken words that bring calm sleep, words that halt the troubled sea and swollen rivers, sleep came to eyes that had never known it, and the Aesonian hero gains the gold, and, proud of the spoil, carrying with him the giver of the gift, a second spoil, the victor reached the harbour of Iolcus with his wife.

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Grammar in this passage: purpose clauses ×2, ablative absolute ×2, indirect statement ×8, gerunds and gerundives ×3

Latin vocabulary for this passage (577 words)
iam, adv.now, already
que, enclitic conj.and
fretum, -ī, n.strait
Pagasaeus, -a, -umof Pagasae in Thessaly, where the Argo was built; Thessalian
puppis, -is f.stern of a ship
secō, -āre, secuī, sectuscut; (of fodder) mow
perpetuus, -a, -umcontinuous, perpetual; in perpetuum, for all time, forever
trahō, trahere, trāxī, trāctusdraw, drag
inops, -opispoor, needy
sub, prep. with acc. and abl.under; sub vesperum, towards evening
nox, noctis, f.night
senecta, -ae f.old age (poetic)
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsussee; pass., seem
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
iuvenis, -is, m.young man, youth
aquilō, -ōnis m.the north wind; the north-east wind
creō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuselect, appoint
virgineus, -a, -umof a maiden, virgin
volucris, -is, f.bird
miser, misera, miserumwretched, unhappy
senex, senis, m.old man
ōs, ōris, n.mouth
fugō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusput to flight, rout
multus, -a, -ummuch, great; plur., many
perpetior, -petī, -pessus sumendure, bear to the end
clārus, -a, -umclear, loud; famous
tandem, adv.at length or last, finally
contingō, -ere, -tigī, -tāctumtouch, reach
rapidus, -a, -umswift; consuming, fierce
līmōsus, -a, -ummuddy, slimy
unda, -ae, f.wave
dum, conj.while, as; as long as; until
adeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo to, approach
rēx, rēgis, m.king
Phrixēus, -a, -umof Phrixus; Phrixēa ovis: the golden ram, the sign Aries
vellus, velleris, n.fleece
poscō, poscere, poposcīask, demand
lēx, lēgis f.law
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
horrendus, -a, -umdreadful, terrible
labor, -ōris, m.labor, toil
concipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake in, conceive; plan, imagine
intereā, adv.in the meantime, meanwhile
validus, -a, -umstrong
ignis, -is, m.fire
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
luctor, -ārī, -ātuswrestle, struggle
diū, adv.for a long time, a long time or while, long; comp
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
ratiō, -ōnis, f.plan, means, method, manner; reason; account
furor, -ōris, m.rage, fury, frenzy, madness
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victumconquer, defeat
nōn, adv.not
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
frūstrā, adv.in vain
repugnō, -pugnāre, -pugnāvī, -pugnātusfight against, struggle, resist
nesciō, -scīre, -scīvīnot know, be ignorant; nesciō quis, I know not who, some one or other (nesciō is thus used with other interrogative words also)
quī, quae, quod, interrog. pron. adj.what?
deus, -ī, m.god
obstō, -stāre, -stitīstand in the way, block, oppose (+ dat.)
āiō (defective)say, affirm; ut aiunt: as they say
mīrus, -a, -umwonderful, strange
nisi, conj.if not, unless
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
aut, conj.or; aut ... aut, either ... or
aliquis, -quid, indef. pron.someone, any one, something, anything, some, any
certē (adv.)certainly, surely; at any rate
similis, -elike, similar (vērī similis: likely)
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
amō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslove
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
nam, conj.for
cūr, adv.why
iussum, -ī, n.order, command
pater, patris, m.father
nimium (adv.)too, too much
ego, meī, pers. pron.I
dūrus, -a, -umhard; harsh; difficult
quoque, adv.also
nimis (adv.)too much, too
modo, adv.only
dēnique, adv.lastly, finally
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
pereō, -īre, -ii, -itūruspass away, perish
timeō, -ēre, -uīfear
tantus, -a, -umso great or much
causa, -ae, f.cause, reason; abl. causā, for the sake of
timor, -ōris, m.fear
excutiō, -ere, -cussī, -cussusshake off, shake out
pectus, pectoris, n.breast
flamma, -ae, f.flame
sī, conj.if
īnfēlīx, -fēlīcis, adj.unhappy, unfortunate
sānus, -a, -umhealthy, sane (prō sānō: sensibly)
sed, conj.but
invītus, -a, -umunwilling
novus, -a, -umnew; novissimus, last
vīs, vīs, f.violence, force; virtue, potency, efficacy; plur. vīrēs, -ium, strength; omnibus vīribus, with all one's strength, with might and main
alius, -a, -udanother, other; aliī ... aliī, some ... others
cupīdō, -inis f. (in Sallust also m.)desire, longing, greed
mēns, mentis f.mind, spirit
suādeō, -ēre, suāsī, suāsusadvise, urge
bonus, -a, -umgood
probō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumprove, show; approve
dēterior, -iusworse, poorer
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
quis, quid, interrog. pron.who? which? what?
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
hospes, hospitis m.guest; host; guest-friend
rēgius, -a, -umroyal, kingly
virgō, virginis, f.maiden
ūrō, ūrere, ussī, ūstusburn
thalamus, -ī m.bedroom; marriage bed; marriage
aliēnus, -a, -umbelonging to another, out of place
orbis, -is, m.circle; orbis terrae or terrārum, circle of the earth or lands, earth, world
terra, -ae, f.land, earth
vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctuslive
an, conj.or (in questions)
ille, illa, illud, dem. pron.that; he, she, it, they; ille ... hīc, see hīc
occidō, -ere, occidī, occāsumfall; (of the sun) set (sōl occidēns: the west)
tamen, adv.however, yet, nevertheless
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
precor, -ārī, -ātus sumpray, beg
velor; vel … vel: either … or
sine, prep. with abl.without
amor, -ōris, m.love
licet, -ēre, -uit or -itum est, impers.is lawful or permitted
enim, conj.for
committō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend together; commit, intrust; expose; proelium committere, to join battle
crūdēlis, -ecruel
tangō, tangere, tetigī, tāctustouch
aetās, -tātis, f.age
genus, generis, n.kind, nature
virtūs, -tūtis, f.manliness, courage, bravery
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
cēterī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.the other, the remaining, the rest of
dēsum, deesse, dēfuībe lacking, fail
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtusmove
meus, -a, -ummy, mine
at, conj.but
ops, opis f.; pl. opēs, -umhelp; (pl.) resources, wealth, power
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātusbear, bring
taurus, -ī, m.bull
afflō (adflō), -āre, -āvī, -ātumbreathe on
concurrō, -currere, -currī, -cursusrun, rush, or dash together
suus, -a, -umhis, her, its, or their own; his, her, its, their
seges, -etis f.field of grain, standing crop
tellūs, -ūris f.earth, land (poetic)
hostis, -is, m. and f.enemy, foe
avidus, -a, -umeager, greedy (for: gen.)
ferus, -a, -umwild, savage
praeda, -ae, f.booty, spoil, plunder
dracō, -ōnis, m.dragon, serpent
patior, patī, passus, bearsuffer, allow
tum, adv.then, at that time
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
tigris, -is/-idis f. (m.)tiger, tigress
nāscor, -ī, nātus sumbe born; rise, begin
ferrum, -ī n.iron; iron point, sword
scopulus, -ī m.rock, crag, reef
gestō, -ārecarry, wear
cor, cordis n.heart
fateor, -ērī, fassus sumadmit, confess
spectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuslook at or on
oculus, -ī, m.eye
cōnscelerō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstain with crime; cōnscelerātus: criminal, wicked
exhortor, -ārī, -ātus sumencourage, urge on
terrigena, -ae m.earth-born; (pl.) the warriors sprung from the dragon's teeth
īnsōpītus, -a, -umsleepless, never sleeping
volō, velle, voluīwish
quamquam, conj.however much, although
iste, ista, istud, dem. pron.that of yours, that
faciō, facere, fēcī, factusmake, do; iter facere, see iter
prōdō, -ere, -didī, -ditumhand down; betray
regnum, -ī, n.royal power, rule, throne; kingdom, realm
parēns, -entis m./f.parent
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
servō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussave, preserve
advena, -ae m.newcomer, stranger, foreigner
noster, -tra, -trumour
per, prep, with ace.through, by means of
sōspes, -itissafe and sound, unharmed
linteum, -ī n.linen cloth, towel
ventus, -ī, m.wind
vir, virī, m.man
alter, -era, -erumone or the other (of two); another, second
poena, -ae, f.penalty, punishment
relinquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictusleave behind, leave
praepōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput in command of
nōsplur. of ego
ingrātus, -a, -umunwelcome, unpleasant; ungrateful
vultus, -ūs m.face, expression
nōbilitās, -tātis f.the nobility
animus, -ī, m.mind; heart; spirit, courage
grātia, -ae, f.favor; gratitude, thanks; plur., thanks; grātiās agere, to give thanks, thank; grātiam referre, to return a favor, show gratitude, requite
fōrma, -ae, f.form, appearance; beauty
fraus, fraudis, f.deception, fraud
meritum, -ī n.service, desert
oblīvium, -ī n.forgetfulness, oblivion (usually pl.)
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
fidēs, -eī f.faith, trust; pledge
cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctusdrive together, collect; compel
foedus, -eris n.treaty, alliance
testis, -is m./f.witness
tūtus, -a, -umsafe
accingō, -ere, -cīnxī, -cīnctusgird on; (pass.) gird oneself, get ready
omnis, -eall, every
pellō, pellere, pepulī, pulsusdrive, drive away, beat, rout
mora, -ae, f.delay
tū, tuī, pers. pron.thou, you
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
semper, adv.always
dēbeō, -ēre, -uī, -itusowe; with infin., ought
fax, facis, f.torch, firebrand
sollemnis, -esolemn, ritual, customary
iungō, iungere, iūnxī, iūnctusjoin; yoke, harness
Pelasgus, -a, -umPelasgian; (poetic) Greek
servātrīx, -īcis f.preserver, saviour (female)
urbs, urbis, f.city
māter, mātris, f.mother
celebrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthrong; keep (a festival), celebrate
turba, -ae f.crowd
ergō (adv.)therefore, then; quid ergō? what then?
germāna, -ae f.sister
frāter, frātris, m.brother
nātālis, -eof birth (diēs nātālis: birthday)
sōlum (adv.); solum, -ī n.only (nōn sōlum … sed etiam: not only … but also); ground, soil
auferō, auferre, abstulī, ablātusbear away, carry off
nempe (adv.)of course, surely, to be sure
saevus, -a, -umfierce, savage
barbarus, -a, -umbarbarian
adhūc, adv.to this point, up to this time, yet, still
īnfāns, -fantis, m. and f.infant, babe
stō, stāre, stetī, statusstand
vōtum, -ī n.vow; wish, prayer
soror, -ōris, f.sister
intrā, prep. with acc.within
titulus, -ī m.notice, inscription, label
pūbēs, -is f.youth, young men; adult population
Achīvus, -a, -umAchaean, Greek; (m. pl. as noun) the Greeks
nōtitia, -ae f.knowledge, acquaintance
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
oppidum, -ī, n.town
hīc, adv.here; hereupon
fāma, -ae, f.report, rumor
vigeō, -ēre, -uībe strong, thrive, flourish
cultus, -ūs m.way of life; civilization, refinement
ars, artis, f.art
cum, prep, with abl.with
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
tōtus, -a, -umall the, the whole or entire
possideō, -sidēre, -sēdī, -sessushold, possess
mūtō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuschange
coniūnx, coniugis, m. and f.spouse, husband, wife
fēlīx, -īcisfortunate, lucky, happy
cārus, -a, -umdear, precious
vertex, -icis m.top of the head, crown; summit
sīdus, -eris n.star, constellation
quod, conj.that, in that, because
medius, -a, -ummid, middle
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
mōns, montis, m.mountain
ratis, -is f.raft
inimīcus, -a, -umunfriendly, hostile
nunc, adv.now
sorbeō, -ēre, -uīsuck in, swallow up
reddō, -dere, -didī, -ditusgive back, return, restore; render
cingō, cingere, cinxī, cinctussurround, gird
rapāx, -ācisravenous, grasping, rapacious
canis, -is, m. and f.dog
Siculus, -a, -umSicilian; fretum Siculum: the strait of Messina
lātrō, -āre, -āvībark
profundus, -a, -umdeep
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tushold, keep; hold back, restrain, stop
gremium, -ī n.lap, bosom
haereō, haerēre, haesī, haesūrusstick; hesitate
longus, -a, -umlong; tedious
nihil, n., indecl.nothing
amplector, -plectī, -plexus sumembrace, hug; welcome, adopt
vereor, -ērī, -itusfear
sī quis, sī qua, sī quidif anyone, if any (sī + the indefinite quis)
metuō, -ere, metuīfear, be afraid of
sōlus, -a, -umalone
coniugium, -ī n.marriage, wedlock
speciōsus, -a, -umhandsome; plausible, specious
nōmen, -minis, n.name (that by which one is known)
culpa, -ae f.fault, blame
impōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusplace or lay upon, impose; embark
tuus, -a, -umthy, thine, your
quīn, conj.so that ... not, but that, but
aspiciō, -spicere, -spēxī, -spectuslook at or on, behold
quantus, -a, -umhow great or much?
adgredior, -gredī, -gressus sumapproach; address; attack; undertake
nefās n. (indecl.)a sin, a wrong; something forbidden by divine law
effugio, -fugere, -fūgīflee out or away, escape
crīmen, -inis n.charge, accusation; crime
rēctus, -a, -umdirect, straight
pietās, -ātis f.dutifulness, devotion to family and gods
pudor, -ōris m.shame, sense of honour
cōnsistō, -sistere, -stitī, -stitusstation oneself, take one's stand; consist
tergum, -ī, n.back
eō, īre, iī, itusgo
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
antīquus, -a, -umancient
āra, -ae, f.altar
nemus, -oris n.grove, wood
umbrōsus, -a, -umshady
sēcrētus, -a, -umseparate; secret, private
silva, -ae, f.wood, forest
tegō, tegere, tēxī, tēctuscover
fortis, -ebrave
resīdō, -sīdere, -sēdīsettle down, subside
ardor, -ōris m.blaze, fire, glow; ardor caelī: a light in the sky
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
exstinguō, -ere, -stīnxī, -stīnctusput out, extinguish; destroy
relūceō, -ēre, -lūxīshine back, glow
ērubēscō, -ere, -rubuīblush, feel ashamed
gena, -ae f.cheek
recandēscō, -ere, -canduīgrow hot again, glow again
soleō, -ēre, solitus sumbe accustomed, usually do
alimentum, -ī n.food, nourishment
assūmō, -ere, -sūmpsī, -sūmptustake up, receive; take to oneself
parvus, -a, -umlittle, small
indūcō, -dūcere, dūxī, -ductuslead in or on, move, excite
lateō, -ēre, -uīlie hid, be concealed
scintilla, -ae f.spark
favilla, -ae f.glowing ash, embers
crēscō, -ere, crēvī, crētumgrow, rise (in power)
vetus, veterisold, former
agitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusdrive about; discuss, debate
resurgō, -ere, -surrēxī, -surrēctumrise again, rise from the dead
sīc, adv.so, thus
lentus, -a, -umslow, sluggish
langueō, -ēre, languībe faint, be sick
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
speciēs, -ēī, f.sight, appearance, shape
praesēns, -sentis, adj.present, immediate, imminent
inārdēscō, -ere, -ārsīcatch fire, glow; burn (with love)
cāsus, -ūs, m.fall; chance, accident
fōrmōsus, -a, -umbeautiful
lūx, lūcis, f.light
ignōscō, -ere, ignōvī, ignōtum (+ dat.)pardon, forgive
velutī (adv.)just as, as if
lūmen, -minis, n.light
fīgō, fīgere, fīxī, fīxusfix, fasten, plant firmly
neque or nec, conj.and not, nor; neque ... neque, neither ... nor; neque enim, for ... not
mortālis, -emortal
dēmēns, -entisout of one's mind, mad, frantic
dēclīnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusturn aside, slip away; avoid
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
vērō, adv.in truth, indeed; however
coepī, coepisse, coeptus (used in tenses of completed action)have begun, began
loquor, loquī, locūtusspeak
dextra, -ae, f.right hand (manus understood)
prehendō, -hendere, -hendī, -hēnsusseize
auxilium, -ī, n.help, aid
submittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missumsend (as help)
vōx, vōcis, f.voice; word
rogō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusask
prōmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend or put forth, promise
torus, -ī m.cushion, mattress; couch
lacrima, -ae, f.tear
profundō, -fundere, -fūdī, -fūsuspour out; squander
ignōrantia, -ae f.ignorance, lack of knowledge
vērum (conj.)but, but in fact; nōn modo ... vērum etiam: not only ... but also
dēcipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptuscatch, deceive
mūnus, mūneris, n.service, office, duty; present, gift
prōmissum, -ī n.promise
sacrum, -ī n.sacred object or rite; sacra: rites, worship
trifōrmis, -ethreefold, triple-formed (of Hecate); in three parts
dea, -ae f.goddess
lūcus, -ī m.sacred grove
nūmen, -inis n.divine power, divinity
socer, -erī m.father-in-law
cernō, cernere, crēvī, certus or crētusdiscern, perceive, make out
cūnctus, -a, -umall, the whole
ēventus, -ūs m.outcome, result
perīculum, -ī, n.danger, peril, risk
iūrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusswear; iūs iūrandum, oath
crēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusbelieve
accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptustake to oneself, receive, accept; hear; suffer
cantō, -āre, -āvī, -ātussing
prōtinus (adv.)straight on; at once
herba, -ae, f.herb, plant
ēdiscō, -ere, ēdidicīlearn by heart
ūsus, -ūs, m.use; experience
laetus, -a, -umglad, joyful
tēctum, -ī n.roof; house
recēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessumgo back, withdraw, retire
posterus, -a, -umfollowing, next
dēpellō, -pellere, -pulī, -pulsusdrive off or away, drive
stēlla, -ae f.star
aurōra, -ae f.dawn
micō, -āre, -uīflash, glitter
conveniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventuscome together, assemble
populus, -ī m.people, nation
sacer, sacra, sacrumsacred, holy
arvum, -ī n.ploughed field, field
iugum, -ī, n.yoke
ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pron.self, himself, herself, itself, themselves; often to be rendered by very
agmen, -minis, n.band, column
purpureus, -a, -umpurple, dyed purple
scēptrum, -ī n.sceptre; royal power
īnsignis, -enotable, remarkable
eburnus, -a, -umof ivory, ivory
ecce (interj.)look! see! here is
adamantēus, -a, -umof adamant, steel-hard
nāris, -is f.nostril; (pl.) nose
efflō, -flāre, -flāvī, -flātusbreathe out
aeripēs, -pedisbronze-footed
vapor, -ōris m.steam, vapour, smoke; heat
ārdeō, ārdēre, ārsī, ārsusbe on fire, burn
plēnus, -a, -umfull
resonō, -āre, -āvīresound, echo
camīnus, -ī m.forge, furnace
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
terrēnus, -a, -umof earth, earthen
silex, -icis m.flint
fornāx, -ācis f.furnace, kiln, oven
solvō, solvere, solvī, solūtusloosen, unbind, release; pay; with or without nāvem, cast off, set sail, put to sea
liquidus, -a, -umliquid, flowing; clear
aspergō (adspergō), -inis f.a sprinkling, spray, splash
aqua, -ae, f.water
intus (adv.)inside, within
claudō, -ere, clausī, clausumclose, shut; (agmen) bring up the rear
volvō, -ere, volvī, volūtusroll, turn over; ponder (multa sēcum volvere)
guttur, -uris n.throat
sonō, -āre, sonuī, sonitusmake a sound, sound
obvius, -a, -umin the way, meeting; sē obvium dare: come to meet
vertō, vertere, vertī, versusturn
trux, trucissavage, fierce, grim
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventuscome
terribilis, -edreadful, terrible
praefīgō, -ere, -fīxī, -fīxumfix in front
cornū, -ūs, n.horn
pulvereus, -a, -umdusty, of dust
pēs, pedis, m.foot
pulsō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspush or strike against, knock, knock at
bisulcus, -a, -umcloven, forked
fūmificus, -a, -umsmoking, smoke-producing
mūgītus, -ūs, m.lowing, bellowing
impleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētumfill; fulfil, complete
dērigēscō, -ere, -riguīgrow stiff; (of blood) run cold, freeze
metus, -ūs m.fear, dread
subeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo under; undergo, submit to, sustain, bear, endure
sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsusperceive, feel
anhēlō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuspant, gasp; breathe out, be eager for
tantum, adv.so much or far, only
medicāmen, -inis n.drug, potion; dye
pendulus, -a, -umhanging; in suspense, uncertain
audāx, -ācisbold, daring, reckless
mulceō, -ēre, mulsī, mulsusstroke; soothe, calm
palear, -āris n.(usu. pl.) dewlap
suppōnō, -pōnere, -posuī, -positusplace or put under
pondus, ponderis, n.weight
gravis, -eheavy; severe, grievous, serious
arātrum, -ī n.plough
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductuslead; make, dig; with or without in mātrimōnium, marry
īnsuētus, -a, -um (+ gen.)unused (to), unaccustomed
prōscindō, -ere, -scidī, -scissustear up; break up (land) with the first ploughing
campus, -ī, m.plain, field
mīror, -ārī, -ātuswonder, wonder at
clāmor, -ōris, m.shout, cry
augeō, -ēre, auxī, auctumincrease, enlarge
adiciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectusthrow to, throw, hurl
galea, -ae, f.helmet
sūmō, sūmere, sūmpsī, sūmptustake under or up, take; poenam sūmere, to exact or inflict punishment
aēnus, -a, -umof bronze (poetic for aēneus)
vīpereus, -a, -umof snakes
dēns, dentis, m.tooth
arō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusplow
spargō, spargere, sparsī, sparsusscatter, sprinkle
ager, agri, m.field, land
sēmen, sēminis n.seed
molliō, -īre, -īvī, -ītussoften; make (a slope) easier
humus, -ī f.ground, earth; humī: on the ground
praetingō, -ere, -tīnxī, -tīnctusdip beforehand, steep
venēnum, -ī, n.poison
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
serō, serere, sēvī, satussow, plant
corpus, corporis, n.body
homō, hominis, m.man
māternus, -a, -umof a mother, maternal
alvus, -ī f.belly, womb; hollow
numerus, -ī, m.number
compōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positumput together; mend, set in order
mātūrus, -a, -umripe
commūnis, -ecommon, shared, public
exeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo out
aura, -ae, f.air, breeze
viscus, -eris n. (usu. pl. viscera)inner organs, vitals; the heart, the core
gravidus, -a, -umpregnant
imāgō, -inis f.likeness, image, portrait
efficiō, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectusmake or work out, accomplish, effect
fētus, -ūs m.offspring, young; fruit, produce (of plants)
cōnsurgō, -ere, -surrēxī, -surrēctusrise together, stand up
magis, comp. adv.more, rather
simul, adv.at the same time; simul atque or ac, as soon as
ēdō, -dere, -didī, -ditusput forth, give out, utter
concutiō, -ere, -cussī, -cussusshake violently; shake, weaken
arma, -ōrum, n. plur.arms, weapons
praeacūtus, -a, -umsharp at the end, pointed, sharp
cuspis, -idis f.point, tip (of a spear or arrow)
hasta, -ae f.spear
caput, capitis, n.head
Haemonius, -a, -umThessalian (from Haemonia, old name of Thessaly)
torqueō, torquēre, torsī, tortusturn
parō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusmake ready, prepare
dēmittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missussend down, let fall; animōs dēmittere, to lose courage
extimēscō, -ere, -timuībecome very afraid of, dread
petō, -ere, -īvī or -iī, -ītusseek, ask; attack
tot (indecl.)so many
ūnus, -a, -umone; only, alone
palleō, -ēre, -uībe pale
subitō, adv.unexpectedly, suddenly
sanguis, sanguinis, m.blood
frīgidus, -a, -umcold
sedeō, sedēre, sēdī, sessussit
nēve or neu, conj.and that not, and not, nor
parum (comp. minus, superl. minimē)too little; minimē: least, not at all
valeō, -ēre, -uī, -itūrusbe strong or effectual, have effect, prevail
grāmen, -inis n.grass, turf
carmen, -minis, n.song, charm
auxiliāris, -e; as noun, -is m.auxiliary; (pl.) auxiliary troops
canō, -ere, cecinī, cantussing; of a trumpet: sound (receptuī canere: sound the retreat)
advocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon (contiōnem advocāre: call an assembly)
iaculor, -ārī, -ātus sumthrow, hurl
convertō, -vertere, -vertī, -versusturn round, turn, change; in fugam convertere, to put to flight
mūtuus, -a, -umborrowed, lent; mutual (pecūnia mūtua: a loan)
vulnus, vulneris, n.wound
cīvīlis, -eof citizens; bellum cīvīle: civil war
cadō, cadere, cecidī, cāsūrusfall
aciēs, -ēī, f.line of battle
grātor, -ārī, -ātus sumcongratulate; rejoice with (+ dat.)
victor, -ōris m.conqueror, victor
amplexus, -ūs m.embrace
complector, -plectī, -plexusembrace
reverentia, -ae f.respect, modesty, shyness
affectus (adfectus), -ūs m.feeling, emotion, affection; disposition
tacitus, -a, -umsilent
laetor, -ārī, -ātus sumrejoice, be glad
agō, agere, ēgī, āctusdrive; do; pass, lead; grātiās agere, see grātia
grātēs f. pl. (only nom. and acc.)thanks (to the gods); grātēs agere: give thanks
auctor, -ōris m.originator, instigator
pervigilō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstay awake all night, keep watch
supersum, -esse, -fuībe over or left, remain
sōpiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītusput to sleep; stun
crista, -ae f.crest, plume (of a helmet)
lingua, -ae f.tongue; language
trēs, tria, plur. adj.three
praesignis, -eoutstanding, distinguished
uncus, -a, -umhooked
custōs, -ōdis m.guard
arbor, -oris, f.tree
aureus, -a, -umof gold, golden
Lēthaeus, -a, -umof Lethe, the underworld river of forgetfulness
sūcus, -ī, m.juice
verbum, -ī, n.word
ter (adv.)three times
placidus, -a, -umcalm, gentle
somnus, -ī, m.sleep, drowsiness
mare, maris, n.sea
turbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusconfuse, throw into disorder, disturb, trouble
concieō, -ēre, -cīvī, -citusbring together, gather; stir up
flūmen, -minis, n.river
sistō, -ere, stitī, statusstop, halt; set up
ignōtus, -a, -umunknown
aurum, -ī, n.gold
hērōs, -ōis m.hero, demigod; great man
Aesonius, -a, -umof Aeson; Aesonius hērōs: Jason
potior, -īrī, -ītusbecome master of, get possession of
spolium, -ī n.spoils, booty (usu. pl.)
superbus, -a, -umproud, arrogant, haughty
portō, -āre, -āvī, -ātumcarry
Iōlciacus, -a, -umof Iolcos in Thessaly
portus, -ūs, m.harbor, haven, port
Ovid, Metamorphoses VII. Latin text: H. Magnus, Die Metamorphosen des P. Ovidius Naso (Gotha, 1892), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.