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Nepos · Pausanias

Nepos, Pausanias 5

The death of Pausanias

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Paus. 5.1Hīs rēbus ephorī cognitīs satius putārunt in urbe eum comprehendī.When the ephors had learned these things, they thought it better that he be arrested in the city. Paus. 5.1Quō cum essent profectī et Pausaniās plācātō Argiliō, ut putābat, Lacedaemonem reverterētur, in itinere, cum iam in eō esset ut comprehenderētur, ex vultū cuiusdam ephorī, quī eum admonērī cupiēbat, īnsidiās sibi fierī intellēxit.When they had set out there, and Pausanias, having appeased the Argilian as he thought, was returning to Sparta, on the way, when he was already on the point of being arrested, he realised from the face of one of the ephors, who wished him to be warned, that a trap was being laid for him. Paus. 5.2Itaque paucīs ante gradibus, quam quī eum sequēbantur, in aedem Minervae, quae Chalcioicos vocātur, cōnfūgit.So, a few paces ahead of those who were following him, he took refuge in the temple of Minerva which is called Chalcioicos. Paus. 5.2Hinc nē exīre posset, statim ephorī valvās eius aedis obstrūxērunt tēctumque sunt dēmōlītī, quō celerius sub dīvō interīret.So that he could not come out from there, the ephors at once blocked up the doors of that temple and demolished the roof, so that he might die the sooner under the open sky.

Paus. 5.3Dīcitur eō tempore mātrem Pausaniae vīxisse eamque iam magnō nātū, postquam dē scelere fīliī comperit, in prīmīs ad fīlium claudendum lapidem ad introitum aedis attulisse.It is said that Pausanias' mother was alive at that time and that, already of great age, when she learned of her son's crime, she was among the first to bring a stone to the entrance of the temple to shut her son in. Paus. 5.4Hic cum sēmianimis dē templō ēlātus esset, cōnfestim animam efflāvit.When he had been carried out of the temple half dead, he immediately breathed his last. Paus. 5.4Sīc Pausaniās magnam bellī glōriam turpī morte maculāvit.Thus Pausanias stained his great glory in war with a shameful death. Paus. 5.5Cuius mortuī corpus cum eōdem nōnnūllī dīcerent īnferrī oportēre, quō iī quī ad supplicium essent datī, displicuit plūribus, et procul ab eō locō īnfōdērunt, quō erat mortuus.When some said that his dead body ought to be taken to the same place as those who had been given over to execution, the majority disapproved, and they buried him far from the place where he had died.

Paus. 5.5Inde posterius deī Delphicī respōnsō ērutus atque eōdem locō sepultus est, ubi vītam posuerat.Later, by a response of the Delphic god, he was dug up from there and buried in the same place where he had laid down his life.

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Grammar in this passage: ablative absolute ×2, indirect statement ×3, purpose clauses ×1, gerunds and gerundives ×1

Latin vocabulary for this passage (109 words)
hic, haec, hoc, dem. pron.this; ille ... hīc, that ... this, the former ... the latter
rēs, reī, f.thing, matter, affair, circumstance, situation; rē vērā, in truth, in fact, really
ephorus, -ī m.an ephor, one of the five chief magistrates of Sparta
cognōscō, -gnōscere, -gnōvī, -gnitusfind out, learn; in tenses of completed action, have found out, know
satius, comp. (n.)better, preferable (satius est: it is better)
putō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusthink
in, prep. with acc. and abl.with acc.: into, onto, against; with abl.: in, on
urbs, urbis, f.city
is, ea, id, dem. pron.this, that; he, she, it, they
comprehendō, -prehendere, -prehendī, -prehēnsusseize, catch
quō, adv.to what place? whither? to which place, whither; for which reason, wherefore, therefore; quō ūsque, till when? how long?
cum, conj.when, while, after; since; although
sum, esse, fuī, futūrusbe
proficīscor, -ficīscī, -fectus sumset out, depart, march
et, conj.and; et ... et, both ... and
plācō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscalm, appease
ut, conj.as; when; that; ita ut, as
revertor, -vertī, -versus, perf. act. -vertīturn back, return
iter, itineris, n.a going, journey, march; iter facere, to journey, march
iam, adv.now, already
ex, ē (prep. + abl.)out of, from; of (ē only before consonants)
vultus, -ūs m.face, expression
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam, indef. pron.a certain, certain
quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.who, which
admoneō, -ēre, -uī, -itusremind, warn, advise
cupiō, -ere, -īvī, -ītusdesire, long for, wish
īnsidiae, -ārum, f. plur.ambush; plot, stratagem
suī, sibi, sē or sēsē, reflexive pron.himself, herself, itself, themselves
fīō, fierī, factus sumbe done or made, become, happen
intellegō, -legere, -lēxī, -lēctusperceive, understand
itaque, adv.and so, accordingly, therefore
paucī, -ae, -a, plur. adj.few
ante, prep, with acc. and adv.before
gradus, -ūs m.step, stage; rank
quam, adv.how? as; than; with superl., as ... as possible
sequor, sequī, secūtusfollow
aedēs, -is f.temple (sg.); house (pl.)
vocō, -āre, -āvī, -ātuscall, summon
cōnfugiō, -fugere, -fūgīflee for refuge
hinc, adv.from this place, hence
nē, adv.not; nē ... quidem, not ... even; conj., that not, lest
exeō, -īre, -iī, -itusgo out
possum, posse, potuībe able, have power, can
statim, adv.on the spot, forthwith, at once, immediately
valvae, -ārum f. pl.folding doors
obstruō, -struere, -strūxī, -strūctusbuild against, block up
tēctum, -ī n.roof; house
que, enclitic conj.and
dēmōlior, -īrī, -ītus sumpull down, demolish, destroy
celeriter, adv.swiftly, quickly
sub, prep. with acc. and abl.under; sub vesperum, towards evening
dīvum, -ī n.the open sky; sub dīvō (sub diō): in the open air
intereō, -īre, -iī, -itūrusperish, die
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictussay, speak; diem dīcere, to appoint or set a day
tempus, temporis, n.time, season
māter, mātris, f.mother
vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctuslive
magnus, -a, -umlarge, big, great, mighty; loud
nātū (abl. only)by birth (maiōrēs nātū: the elders)
postquam, conj.later than, after, when
dē, prep, with abl.down from, from, out of; about, concerning, of
scelus, sceleris, n.wickedness, crime
fīlius, -ī, m.son
comperiō, -īre, comperī, compertumfind out, learn
prīmus, -a, -umfirst, foremost
ad, prep. with acc.to, toward; at, near; for
claudō, -ere, clausī, clausumclose, shut; (agmen) bring up the rear
lapis, -idis, m.stone
introitus, -ūs, m.entrance
afferō, afferre, attulī, allātumbring, bring to; cause
sēmianimis, -ehalf-alive, dying
templum, -ī, n.sanctuary, temple
efferō, -ferre, extulī, ēlātumcarry out, bring out
cōnfestim (adv.)at once, immediately
anima, -ae, f.breath, soul, life
efflō, -flāre, -flāvī, -flātusbreathe out
sīc, adv.so, thus
bellum, -ī, n.war
glōria, -ae, f.glory
turpis, -edisgraceful
mors, mortīs, f.death
maculō, -āre, -āvī, -ātusstain, pollute
morior, morī, mortuusdie
corpus, corporis, n.body
cum, prep, with abl.with
eōdemto the same place
nōnnūllus, -a, -umnot none, some, several
īnferō, īnferre, intulī, inlātusbring in or against, wage against; inflict
oportet, -ēre, oportuit (impersonal)it is right, it is necessary
supplicium, -ī, n.punishment, torture
dō, dare, dedī, datusgive
displiceō, -ēre, -uī, -itumdisplease (+ dat.)
plūrēs, -a, plur. adj.more, many, several
procul, adv.at or from a distance, far
ā, ab (prep. + abl.)away from, from; by (ā only before consonants)
locus, -ī, m., plur. loca, -orum, n.place, situation
īnfodiō, -ere, -fōdī, -fossusdig in, bury
inde (adv.)from there; then
posterius (adv.)later, afterwards
deus, -ī, m.god
Delphicus, -a, -umof Delphi, Delphic, Delphian
respōnsum, -ī, n.reply, answer, response
ēruō, -ere, -ruī, -rutusdig out; overthrow, destroy
atque, ac (conj.)and; after comparisons: as, than (ac only before consonants)
īdem, eadem, idem, dem. pron.the same; sometimes to be translated likewise, also
sepeliō, sepelīre, sepelīvī, sepultusbury
ubi, adv.where; conj., when
vīta, -ae, f.life
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positusplace, put; pōnī with in and abl., to be placed in, rest or depend on
Nepos, Pausanias. Latin text: A. Fleckeisen, Cornelii Nepotis Vitae (Teubner, 1886), public domain; digital text from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA. Word analysis: drafted by our own tagger (trained on the hand-checked texts on this site), with every doubtful word checked by hand. English translation and section titles: written for this app, each checked against the Latin by a second reader.